Mysql一主多从部署的实现步骤

目录

• 1.下载地址
• 2.下载tar.gz包
• 3.安装
• 1.linux系统上创建mysql1用户
• 2.将tar.gz包上传到服务器上并且解压
• 3.将mysql-5.7.31-el7-x86_64目录下的文件mv到 /home/mysql1下
• 4.mkdir -p /home/mysql1/data 文件存储mysql1数据目录
• 5.将/etc/my.cfg文件复制到mysql家目录下
• 6.对/home/mysql1下赋权
• 7.修改mysql配置文件
• 8.数据文件初始化
• 4.使用mysql客户端datagrip连接mysql成功
• 5.通过如上相同操作安装从库，只修改配置文件相关信息，并且初始化，并且客户端连接
• 6.在master数据库上执行
• 7.在slave上面执行
• 8.测试
• 9.总结主从部署

1.下载地址

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

2.下载tar.gz包

选择redhat版本

3.安装

1.linux系统上创建mysql1用户

useradd mysql1

2.将tar.gz包上传到服务器上并且解压

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3.将mysql-5.7.31-el7-x86_64目录下的文件mv到 /home/mysql1下

4.mkdir -p /home/mysql1/data 文件存储mysql1数据目录

mkdir -p /home/mysql1/data

5.将/etc/my.cfg文件复制到mysql家目录下

cp /etc/my.cnf /home/mysql1/

6.对/home/mysql1下赋权

chmod -R 755 /home/mysq1l
chown mysql:mysql -R /home/mysql1/data
chmod 777 /home/mysql1/data

7.修改mysql配置文件

vi /home/mysql1/my.cnf

[mysqld]
user                            = 
port                            = 3307
basedir                         = /home/mysql1
datadir                         = /home/mysql1/data
socket                          = /home/mysql1/mysql.sock
pid_file                        = /home/mysql1/mysql.pid
log_error                       = /home/mysql1/data/error.log
#binlog日志文件
log_bin                         = /home/mysql1/data/mysql-bin
relay_log                       = /home/mysql1/data/relay-bin
slow_query_log_file             = /home/mysql1/data/slow.log
#binlog过期清理时间
expire_logs_days                = 15
log-slave-updates               = 1
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1
lower_case_table_names          = 1
max_connections                 = 3000
max_connect_errors              = 1000000 
# 每个实例的id都设置成不一样的，比如a主机，3307 b主机设置成23307，c主机设置成33307，后面1主2从会用到
server-id                       = 3307                              
autocommit                      = 1
# pool_size根据实际情况进行更新
innodb_buffer_pool_size         = 40G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances    = 8
innodb_write_io_threads         = 16
innodb_read_io_threads          = 16
#mysql复制主要有三种方式：基于SQL语句的复制(statement-based replication, SBR)，基于行的复制(row-based replication, RBR)，混合模式复制(mixed-based replication, MBR)。对应的，binlog的格式也有三种：STATEMENT，ROW，MIXED
binlog_format                   = ROW
gtid_mode                       = on
enforce_gtid_consistency        = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit  = 1  
#add 2                          
innodb_thread_concurrency       = 20
innodb_print_all_deadlocks      = 1
innodb_flush_method             = O_DIRECT
innodb_io_capacity              = 8000
innodb_io_capacity_max          = 15000
enforce_gtid_consistency        = 1
binlog_rows_query_log_events    = 1
character_set_server            = utf8mb4
default-storage-engine          = INNODB
transaction_isolation           = READ-COMMITTED
max_allowed_packet              = 67108864
event_scheduler                 = 1
slow_query_log                  = on
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1   
master_info_repository          = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository       = TABLE
relay_log_recovery              = 1
relay_log_purge                 = 0  
slave_rows_search_algorithms    = 'INDEX_SCAN,HASH_SCAN'
slave_parallel_type             = LOGICAL_CLOCK
slave_parallel_workers          = 16
slave_preserve_commit_order     = 1
slave_transaction_retries       = 64
sync_relay_log                  = 0
sync_relay_log_info             = 0
sync_master_info                = 0
sync_binlog                     = 1
collation_server                = utf8mb4_bin
skip_name_resolve               = 1 
plugin-load                     = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
rpl-semi-sync-master-enabled    = 1
rpl-semi-sync-slave-enabled     = 1

8.数据文件初始化

1.初始化

./mysqld --defaults-file=/home/mysql1/my.cnf --initialize --basedir=/home/mysql1 --datadir=/home/mysql1/data --user=mysql1

2.启动

./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/home/mysql1/my.cnf --user=mysql1 &

查看mysql进程已经起来，并且监听3307接口

3.本机登陆，root的初始密码可以在errorlog中找到

cat error.log | grep "temporary password"

4.本机登录指定sock文件以及指定端口及输入临时密码

./mysql -uroot -P3307 -S /home/mysql1/mysql.sock -p

5. 登录后修改root密码

set password=password('XXXXXXXX'); 修改密码
flush privileges;

6. 赋予权限

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'XXXXXXX' with grant option;
flush privileges;

7. 停止服务

./mysqladmin shutdown -uroot -p******** -S /home/mysql1/mysql.sock

4.使用mysql客户端datagrip连接mysql成功

5.通过如上相同操作安装从库，只修改配置文件相关信息，并且初始化，并且客户端连接

6.在master数据库上执行

1.创建repl用户并且赋予同步权限

CREATE USER 'repl' IDENTIFIED BY 'slavepass';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%' identified by 'slavepass';
flush privileges;

2.查看master状态

SHOW MASTER STATUS\G;

7.在slave上面执行

1.配置slave从节点的master节点以及binlog偏移位置等

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='master地址',
MASTER_USER='repl',
MASTER_PASSWORD='slavepass',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003', #为master的log_file
MASTER_LOG_POS=1597,       #master的POS
MASTER_PORT=3307;

2.启动slave同步进程以及查看slave状态

start slave;  #启动slave同步进程
show slave status\G;

8.测试

在mysql1中创建testdb，使用datagrip在mysql2中即可查看从mysql1中同步的新增的库以及数据，不过datagrip需要刷新下客户端。

9.总结主从部署

注意主从mysql的my.cnf配置文件的server-id必须配置不一样

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