python三维图形注释_Matplotlib:注释三维散点图p

在下面的文章[1]，[2]中，我们讨论了matplotlib中3D箭头的绘制。

类似地，可以创建Annotation3D类(继承自Annotation)：from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.proj3d import proj_transform

from matplotlib.text import Annotation

class Annotation3D(Annotation):

'''Annotate the point xyz with text s'''

def __init__(self, s, xyz, *args, **kwargs):

Annotation.__init__(self,s, xy=(0,0), *args, **kwargs)

self._verts3d = xyz

def draw(self, renderer):

xs3d, ys3d, zs3d = self._verts3d

xs, ys, zs = proj_transform(xs3d, ys3d, zs3d, renderer.M)

self.xy=(xs,ys)

Annotation.draw(self, renderer)

此外，我们可以定义annotate3D()函数：def annotate3D(ax, s, *args, **kwargs):

'''add anotation text s to to Axes3d ax'''

tag = Annotation3D(s, *args, **kwargs)

ax.add_artist(tag)

使用此函数可以将注释标记添加到Axes3d，如下所示：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d import Line3DCollection

# data: coordinates of nodes and links

xn = [1.1, 1.9, 0.1, 0.3, 1.6, 0.8, 2.3, 1.2, 1.7, 1.0, -0.7, 0.1, 0.1, -0.9, 0.1, -0.1, 2.1, 2.7, 2.6, 2.0]

yn = [-1.2, -2.0, -1.2, -0.7, -0.4, -2.2, -1.0, -1.3, -1.5, -2.1, -0.7, -0.3, 0.7, -0.0, -0.3, 0.7, 0.7, 0.3, 0.8, 1.2]

zn = [-1.6, -1.5, -1.3, -2.0, -2.4, -2.1, -1.8, -2.8, -0.5, -0.8, -0.4, -1.1, -1.8, -1.5, 0.1, -0.6, 0.2, -0.1, -0.8, -0.4]

group = [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3]

edges = [(1, 0), (2, 0), (3, 0), (3, 2), (4, 0), (5, 0), (6, 0), (7, 0), (8, 0), (9, 0), (11, 10), (11, 3), (11, 2), (11, 0), (12, 11), (13, 11), (14, 11), (15, 11), (17, 16), (18, 16), (18, 17), (19, 16), (19, 17), (19, 18)]

xyzn = zip(xn, yn, zn)

segments = [(xyzn[s], xyzn[t]) for s, t in edges]

# create figure

fig = plt.figure(dpi=60)

ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')

ax.set_axis_off()

# plot vertices

ax.scatter(xn,yn,zn, marker='o', c = group, s = 64)

# plot edges

edge_col = Line3DCollection(segments, lw=0.2)

ax.add_collection3d(edge_col)

# add vertices annotation.

for j, xyz_ in enumerate(xyzn):

annotate3D(ax, s=str(j), xyz=xyz_, fontsize=10, xytext=(-3,3),

textcoords='offset points', ha='right',va='bottom')

plt.show()