基于C++的VTK不同格式文件读取与另存整理
实例1：读取STL文件并渲染显示
实例2：读取VTI文件并渲染显示
实例3：读取VTK文件并渲染显示
实例4：读取MHA文件并渲染显示
实例5：读取DCM文件并渲染显示
实例6：读取MHD文件并渲染显示
实例7：读取VTK格式文件并另存为OBJ格式
实例8：读取STL格式文件并另存为OBJ格式
实例9：读取STL格式文件并另存为MHD格式(切片处理)
实例10：读取STL格式文件并另存为MHA格式(切片处理)
实例11：读取STL格式文件并另存为VTI格式(切片处理)
本例程配套完整源码和素材下载
实例1：读取STL文件并渲染显示
#include
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2);
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
//读取STL文件并显示（可视化）
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
/*if (argc != 2)
{
cout << "Required parameters: Filename" << endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}*/
std::string inputFilename = "骨盆模型.stl";//读取STL模型
vtkSmartPointer reader =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
reader->SetFileName(inputFilename.c_str());
reader->Update();
// Visualize
vtkSmartPointer mapper =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
mapper->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
vtkSmartPointer actor =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
actor->SetMapper(mapper);
vtkSmartPointer renderer =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
vtkSmartPointer renderWindow =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
renderWindow->AddRenderer(renderer);
vtkSmartPointer renderWindowInteractor =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
renderWindowInteractor->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);
renderer->AddActor(actor);
renderer->SetBackground(.3, .6, .3); // Background color green
renderWindow->Render();
renderWindowInteractor->Start();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
} 
实例2：读取VTI文件并渲染显示
#include
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2);
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main() {
std::string inputFilename = "血管.vti";
// 读取数据
vtkSmartPointer reader =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
reader->SetFileName(inputFilename.c_str());
reader->Update();
//转换数据类型
vtkNew readercast;
readercast->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
readercast->SetOutputScalarTypeToUnsignedChar();//转换为图像数据
readercast->ClampOverflowOn();//默认情况下，该变量值为0；当设置为1时，输出的像素值不能超过输出类型的最大值。
readercast->Update();
// 可视化
vtkSmartPointer mapper =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
mapper->SetInputConnection(readercast->GetOutputPort());
//渲染
vtkSmartPointer actor =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
actor->SetMapper(mapper);
actor->GetProperty()->SetRepresentationToWireframe();
vtkSmartPointer renderer =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
renderer->AddActor(actor);
renderer->ResetCamera();
renderer->SetBackground(1, 1, 1);
vtkSmartPointer renderWindow =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
renderWindow->AddRenderer(renderer);
vtkSmartPointer renderWindowInteractor =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
renderWindowInteractor->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);
renderWindowInteractor->Initialize();
renderWindowInteractor->Start();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
实例3：读取VTK文件并渲染显示
#include "vtkAutoInit.h"
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2);
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
#include //源数据
#include //vtk格式数据读取
#include //数据映射
#include //绘制器
#include //绘制窗口
#include //演员
#include //照相机
#include //加入交互机制类
int main()
{
vtkSmartPointer aRenderer =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
vtkSmartPointer renWin =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
renWin->AddRenderer(aRenderer);
vtkSmartPointer iren =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
iren->SetRenderWindow(renWin);
vtkSmartPointer vtkReader = vtkSmartPointer::New();
vtkReader->SetFileName("股骨.vtk");//读取VTK格式文件
vtkSmartPointer skinMapper =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
skinMapper->SetInputConnection(vtkReader->GetOutputPort());
skinMapper->ScalarVisibilityOff(); //这样不会带颜色
vtkSmartPointer skin =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
skin->SetMapper(skinMapper);
vtkSmartPointer aCamera =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
aCamera->SetViewUp(0, 0, -1);
aCamera->SetPosition(0, 1, 0);
aCamera->SetFocalPoint(0, 0, 0);
aCamera->ComputeViewPlaneNormal();
aCamera->Azimuth(30.0);
aCamera->Elevation(30.0);
aCamera->Dolly(1.5);
aRenderer->AddActor(skin);
aRenderer->SetActiveCamera(aCamera);
aRenderer->ResetCamera();
aRenderer->SetBackground(.2, .3, .4);
aRenderer->ResetCameraClippingRange();
renWin->Render();
iren->Initialize();
iren->Start();
} 
实例4：读取MHA文件并渲染显示
#include "vtkSmartPointer.h"
#include "vtkMetaImageReader.h"
#include "vtkImageViewer2.h"
#include "vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h"
#include "vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera.h"
#include "vtkAutoInit.h"
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2); // VTK was built with vtkRenderingOpenGL2
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
int main()
{
vtkSmartPointer reader = vtkSmartPointer::New();
//mhd与mha文件其实格式是一样的，记录mhd对应的raw文件应在同一目录
//mhd格式图像信息头与实际图像的存储分为两个文件（*.mhd文件记录图像信息头；*.raw或//*.zraw（zraw指有压缩）记录实际图像）
//mha格式将图像信息头与实际的像素值等数据写入到同一个文件中
//reader->SetFileName("test1.mhd");
//.mha和.raw文件需要在同一个文件夹
reader->SetFileName("脑部切片_3.mha");
reader->Update();
vtkSmartPointer imgViewer = vtkSmartPointer::New();
vtkSmartPointer renderWindowInteractor = vtkSmartPointer::New();
imgViewer->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
imgViewer->SetupInteractor(renderWindowInteractor);
imgViewer->SetColorLevel(1000);
imgViewer->SetColorWindow(2000);
imgViewer->SetSlice(0);//查看切片1 (0表示第一个切片)
//横断面、矢状面、冠状面
//SetSliceOrientationToXY()、SetSliceOrientationToXZ()、SetSliceOrientationToYZ()
imgViewer->SetSliceOrientationToXY();//SetSliceOrientationToXZ();SetSliceOrientationToYZ()
imgViewer->Render();
renderWindowInteractor->Start();
return 0;
} 查看切片1： 查看切片2：
实例5：读取DCM文件并渲染显示
#include "vtkAutoInit.h"
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2);
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
#include //DCM医学文件读取类
#include //显示2D图像类
#include //交互器类
int main()
{
int dim[2];
//实例化一个对象dcmReader
vtkDICOMImageReader* dcmReader = vtkDICOMImageReader::New();
dcmReader->SetFileName("股骨头.dcm");//读单张切片
//reader->SetDirectoryName("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\VTK2\\hellovtk\\CT_all");//读DCM序列切片
//实例化一个对象dcmViewer
vtkImageViewer* dcmViewer = vtkImageViewer::New();
dcmViewer->SetInputConnection(dcmReader->GetOutputPort());//读取的图像数据输出给显示对象输入
//dcmViewer->SetColorLevel(400);//设置窗位
//dcmViewer->SetColorWindow(800);//设置窗宽
dim[0] = dcmViewer->GetColorLevel();//显示窗位1000
dim[1] = dcmViewer->GetColorWindow();//显示窗宽2000
printf("%d %d", dim[0], dim[1]);
dcmViewer->Render();//显示图像
//加入交互机制
//实例化一个交互器对象interactor
vtkRenderWindowInteractor* interactor = vtkRenderWindowInteractor::New();
dcmViewer->SetupInteractor(interactor);
interactor->Initialize();
interactor->Start();//使交互器处于等待状态
/*getchar();*/
//释放内存
dcmReader->Delete();
dcmViewer->Delete();
interactor->Delete();
return 0;
} 
实例6：读取MHD文件并渲染显示
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include "vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h"
#include "vtkAutoInit.h"
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2); // VTK was built with vtkRenderingOpenGL2
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
vtkSmartPointer reader =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
reader->SetFileName("FullHead.mhd");//读取MHD文件（注：mhd和源文件raw必须在同一文件夹）
reader->Update();
vtkSmartPointer viewer =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
viewer->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
//设置基本属性
viewer->SetSize(640, 480);
viewer->SetColorLevel(500);
viewer->SetColorWindow(2000);
viewer->SetSlice(10); //显示具体切片
viewer->SetSliceOrientationToXY();
viewer->Render();
viewer->GetRenderer()->SetBackground(1, 1, 1);
viewer->GetRenderWindow()->SetWindowName("ImageViewer2D");
vtkSmartPointer rwi =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
//设置交互属性
viewer->SetupInteractor(rwi);
rwi->Start();
return 0;
} 查看切片10： 查看切片40：
实例7：读取VTK格式文件并另存为OBJ格式
#include "vtkAutoInit.h"
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2);
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
#include //源数据
#include //vtk格式数据读取
#include //数据映射
#include //绘制器
#include //绘制窗口
#include //演员
#include //照相机
#include //加入交互机制类
#include //
int main()
{
//读数据
vtkSmartPointer reader =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
reader->SetFileName("face.vtk");
reader->Update();
//实例化一个映射器coneMapper
vtkPolyDataMapper* coneMapper = vtkPolyDataMapper::New();
coneMapper->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());//源数据输出给映射器输入
//创建一个演员对象coneActor
vtkActor* coneActor = vtkActor::New();
coneActor->SetMapper(coneMapper);//为演员指定mapper进行映射
//搭建舞台 实例化对象renderer
vtkRenderer* renderer = vtkRenderer::New();
renderer->AddActor(coneActor);//将演员加入场景
renderer->SetBackground(0.1, 0.2, 0.4);//设置场景背景颜色是(R,G,B)
//实例化一个窗口对象renWin
vtkRenderWindow* renWin = vtkRenderWindow::New();
renWin->SetSize(640, 320);//设置窗口大小宽*高
renWin->AddRenderer(renderer);//将场景renderer加入renWin窗口中
//实例化一个交互对象
vtkRenderWindowInteractor* interactor = vtkRenderWindowInteractor::New();//交互对象加入renWin窗口中
interactor->SetRenderWindow(renWin);
renWin->Render();//绘制舞台上的东西
//保存为obj文件
vtkSmartPointer porter = vtkSmartPointer::New();
porter->SetFilePrefix("face");
porter->SetInput(renWin);
porter->Write();
interactor->Initialize();//交互对象初始化
interactor->Start();//开始交互事件
//释放内存
reader->Delete();
coneActor->Delete();
coneMapper->Delete();
renderer->Delete();
renWin->Delete();
interactor->Delete();
return 0;
} 
另存生成的face.obj格式文件：
实例8：读取STL格式文件并另存为OBJ格式
#include
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkRenderingOpenGL2);
VTK_MODULE_INIT(vtkInteractionStyle);
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include //obj文件类
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
/*if (argc != 2)
{
cout << "Required parameters: Filename" << endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}*/
std::string inputFilename = "血管.stl";//tmp.stl
vtkSmartPointer reader =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
reader->SetFileName(inputFilename.c_str());
reader->Update();
// Visualize
vtkSmartPointer mapper =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
mapper->SetInputConnection(reader->GetOutputPort());
vtkSmartPointer actor =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
actor->SetMapper(mapper);
vtkSmartPointer renderer =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
vtkSmartPointer renderWindow =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
renderWindow->AddRenderer(renderer);
vtkSmartPointer renderWindowInteractor =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
renderWindowInteractor->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);
renderer->AddActor(actor);
renderer->SetBackground(.3, .6, .3); // Background color green
//保存为obj文件
vtkSmartPointer porter = vtkSmartPointer::New();
porter->SetFilePrefix("血管");
porter->SetInput(renderWindow);
porter->Write();
renderWindow->Render();
renderWindowInteractor->Start();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
} 
另存生成的血管.obj文件：
实例9：读取STL格式文件并另存为MHD格式
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
int main(int, char* []) {
vtkNew pd;
vtkNew reader;
reader->SetFileName("femoral.stl");
reader->Update();
pd->DeepCopy(reader->GetOutput());
vtkNew whiteImage;
double bounds[6];
pd->GetBounds(bounds);
double spacing[3]; // 所需的MHD文件体积间距
spacing[0] = 0.5;
spacing[1] = 0.5;
spacing[2] = 0.5;
whiteImage->SetSpacing(spacing);
// 计算尺寸
int dim[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
dim[i] = static_cast(ceil((bounds[i * 2 + 1] - bounds[i * 2]) / spacing[i]));
}
whiteImage->SetDimensions(dim);
whiteImage->SetExtent(0, dim[0] - 1, 0, dim[1] - 1, 0, dim[2] - 1);
double origin[3];
origin[0] = bounds[0] + spacing[0] / 2;
origin[1] = bounds[2] + spacing[1] / 2;
origin[2] = bounds[4] + spacing[2] / 2;
whiteImage->SetOrigin(origin);
whiteImage->AllocateScalars(VTK_UNSIGNED_CHAR, 1);
// 用前景体素填充图像：
unsigned char inval = 255;
unsigned char outval = 0;
vtkIdType count = whiteImage->GetNumberOfPoints();
for (vtkIdType i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
whiteImage->GetPointData()->GetScalars()->SetTuple1(i, inval);
}
// 多边形数据->图像模具：
vtkNew pol2stenc;
pol2stenc->SetInputData(pd);
pol2stenc->SetOutputOrigin(origin);
pol2stenc->SetOutputSpacing(spacing);
pol2stenc->SetOutputWholeExtent(whiteImage->GetExtent());
pol2stenc->Update();
// 剪切相应的白色图像并设置背景：
vtkNew imgstenc;
imgstenc->SetInputData(whiteImage);
imgstenc->SetStencilConnection(pol2stenc->GetOutputPort());
imgstenc->ReverseStencilOff();
imgstenc->SetBackgroundValue(outval);
imgstenc->Update();
保存为MHD格式
vtkNew writer;
writer->SetInputData(imgstenc->GetOutput());
writer->SetFileName("femoral.mhd");
writer->Write();
return 0;
}
另存为MHD格式的femoral.mhd文件（z轴进行切割）：
实例10：读取STL格式文件并另存为MHA格式(切片处理)
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
/**
* This program generates a sphere (closed surface, vtkPolyData) and converts it into volume
* representation (vtkImageData) where the foreground voxels are 1 and the background voxels are
* 0. Internally vtkPolyDataToImageStencil is utilized. The resultant image is saved to disk
* in metaimage file format (SphereVolume.mhd).
*/
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
// Verify input arguments
/*if(argc != 5) {
std::cout << "argv0: Input model path \n"
<< "argv1: Output model path \n"
<< "argv2: Spacing x,y \n"
<< "argv3: Spacing z \n"
<< std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}*/
// read data
vtkSmartPointer reader =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
reader->SetFileName("artifacts.stl");//读入数据
reader->Update();
//实例化vtkPolyData（多边形类型数据）类型对象pd
vtkSmartPointer pd = reader->GetOutput();
//实例化vtkImageData类型对象whiteImage
vtkSmartPointer whiteImage =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
double bounds[6];
pd->GetBounds(bounds);//获取STL三个方向范围（mm）
std::cout << "STL模型三个方向的范围分别为（单位mm）" << std::endl;
std::cout << "X方向的范围为（单位mm）：" << std::endl;
std::cout << "bounds[0]-->bounds[1] :\n"
<< bounds[0] << " " << bounds[1] << " "
<< std::endl;
std::cout << "Y方向的范围为（单位mm）：" << std::endl;
std::cout << "bounds[2]-->bounds[3] :\n"
<< bounds[2] << " " << bounds[3] << " "
<< std::endl;
std::cout << "Z方向的范围为（单位mm）：" << std::endl;
std::cout << "bounds[4]-->bounds[5] :\n"
<< bounds[4] << " " << bounds[5] << " "
<< std::endl;
std::cout << "正在切割...." <<
"Waiting Please..." << std::endl;
//期待的体素三个方向的spacing定义
double spacing[3]; // desired volume spacing
spacing[0] = atof("5");
spacing[1] = atof("5");
spacing[2] = atof("5");
//设置图像类型对象whiteImage三个方向相邻像素之间的间隔spacing
whiteImage->SetSpacing(spacing);
//根据给定的spacing计算采样STL模型三个方向（x,y,z）的维度（即采样三个方向体素个数）
// compute dimensions
int dim[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
dim[i] = static_cast(
ceil((bounds[i * 2 + 1] - bounds[i * 2]) / spacing[i]));
}
//设置图像类型对象whiteImage的三个方向的维度dim
whiteImage->SetDimensions(dim);
//设置图像类型对象whiteImage的三个方向的维度的具体范围
whiteImage->SetExtent(0, dim[0] - 1, 0, dim[1] - 1, 0, dim[2] - 1);
设置图像类型对象whiteImage的起始点origin
double origin[3];
//进行切片处理的第一张位置为STL模型Z轴向上spacing[2] / 2间隔
origin[0] = bounds[0] + spacing[0] / 2;
origin[1] = bounds[2] + spacing[1] / 2;
origin[2] = bounds[4] + spacing[2] / 2;
whiteImage->SetOrigin(origin);
whiteImage->AllocateScalars(VTK_UNSIGNED_CHAR, 1);
// fill the image with foreground voxels:
//以前景色填充图像
unsigned char inval = 255;//白色255 前景色
unsigned char outval = 0;//黑色0 背景色
//获取whiteImage对象所需要的体素点总数count
vtkIdType count = whiteImage->GetNumberOfPoints();
//获取whiteImage对象所需要的体素点总数count
for (vtkIdType i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
//将整张图像都以前景色inval填充
whiteImage->GetPointData()->GetScalars()->SetTuple1(i, inval);
}
//STL输出的PolyData类型的pd对象到ImageStencil类型的pol2stenc对象的转换
// polygonal data --> image stencil:
//定义PolyData到ImageStencil类型转换对象pol2stenc，其输出为图像切片ImageStencil类型
vtkSmartPointer pol2stenc =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
//PolyData类型的pd对象输入
pol2stenc->SetInputData(pd);
//设置pol2stenc对象原点
pol2stenc->SetOutputOrigin(origin);
//设置pol2stenc对象间隔
pol2stenc->SetOutputSpacing(spacing);
//设置pol2stenc对象维度具体范围
pol2stenc->SetOutputWholeExtent(whiteImage->GetExtent());
pol2stenc->Update();//开始执行
// cut the corresponding white image and set the background:
//定义ImageStencil类型对象imgstenc
vtkSmartPointer imgstenc =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
//设置输入数据
imgstenc->SetInputData(whiteImage);
imgstenc->SetStencilConnection(pol2stenc->GetOutputPort());
imgstenc->ReverseStencilOff();
//设置背景颜色为outval
imgstenc->SetBackgroundValue(outval);//取反操作，没有数据(即不是STL模型)地方颜色取反(outval)，有则不变
imgstenc->Update();
vtkSmartPointer writer =
vtkSmartPointer::New();
writer->SetFileName("artifacts.mha");
writer->SetInputData(imgstenc->GetOutput());
writer->Write();
std::cout << "Finish ！！！" << std::endl;
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
另存为MHA格式的artifacts.mhd文件（z轴进行切割）：
实例11：读取STL格式文件并另存为VTI格式(切片处理)
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
//#include
#include
int main(int, char* []) {
vtkNew pd;
vtkNew reader;
reader->SetFileName("pelvis.stl");
reader->Update();
pd->DeepCopy(reader->GetOutput());
vtkNew whiteImage;
double bounds[6];
pd->GetBounds(bounds);
double spacing[3]; // 所需的体积间距
spacing[0] = 2;
spacing[1] = 2;
spacing[2] = 5;
whiteImage->SetSpacing(spacing);
// 计算尺寸
int dim[3];
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
dim[i] = static_cast(ceil((bounds[i * 2 + 1] - bounds[i * 2]) / spacing[i]));
}
whiteImage->SetDimensions(dim);
whiteImage->SetExtent(0, dim[0] - 1, 0, dim[1] - 1, 0, dim[2] - 1);
double origin[3];
origin[0] = bounds[0] + spacing[0] / 2;
origin[1] = bounds[2] + spacing[1] / 2;
origin[2] = bounds[4] + spacing[2] / 2;
whiteImage->SetOrigin(origin);
whiteImage->AllocateScalars(VTK_UNSIGNED_CHAR, 1);
// 用前景体素填充图像：
unsigned char inval = 255;
unsigned char outval = 0;
vtkIdType count = whiteImage->GetNumberOfPoints();
for (vtkIdType i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
whiteImage->GetPointData()->GetScalars()->SetTuple1(i, inval);
}
// 多边形数据->图像模具：
vtkNew pol2stenc;
pol2stenc->SetInputData(pd);
pol2stenc->SetOutputOrigin(origin);
pol2stenc->SetOutputSpacing(spacing);
pol2stenc->SetOutputWholeExtent(whiteImage->GetExtent());
pol2stenc->Update();
// 剪切相应的白色图像并设置背景：
vtkNew imgstenc;
imgstenc->SetInputData(whiteImage);
imgstenc->SetStencilConnection(pol2stenc->GetOutputPort());
imgstenc->ReverseStencilOff();
imgstenc->SetBackgroundValue(outval);
imgstenc->Update();
vtkNew writer;
writer->SetInputData(imgstenc->GetOutput());
writer->SetFileName("pelvis.vti");
writer->Write();
return 0;
}
另存为VTI格式的pelvis.vti文件（z轴进行切割）：
