Android

Android 学习

1、Android基础开发 – 控件

1、TextView:

  1. 基础属性详解

    1. layout_width:组件的宽度
    2. layout_height:组件的高度
    3. id:为TextView设置一个组件id
    4. text:设置显示的文本内容
    5. textColor:设置字体颜色
    6. textStyle:设置字体风格,三个可选值:normal(无效果),bold(加粗),italic(斜体)
    7. textSize:字体大小,单位一般使用sp
    8. backgroup:控件的背景颜色,可以理解为填充整个控件的颜色,可以是图片
    9. gravity:设置控件中内容的对齐方向,TextView中是文字,ImageView中是图片等等

    activity_main.xml

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_one"
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="200dp"
            android:text="@string/tv_one"
            android:textColor="@color/blue"
            android:textStyle="italic"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:background="@color/back"
            android:gravity="center"/>
    LinearLayout>
    

    strings.xml

    <resources>
        <string name="app_name">Controls-TextViewstring>
    
        <string name="tv_one">android控件之TextViewstring>
    resources>
    

    colors.xml

    
    <resources>
        <color name="purple_200">#FFBB86FCcolor>
        <color name="purple_500">#FF6200EEcolor>
        <color name="purple_700">#FF3700B3color>
        <color name="teal_200">#FF03DAC5color>
        <color name="teal_700">#FF018786color>
        <color name="black">#FF000000color>
        <color name="white">#FFFFFFFFcolor>
    
        <color name="blue">#FF0000FFcolor>
        <color name="back">#FFFF0000color>
    resources>
    

Android_第1张图片

  1. 带阴影的TextView

    1. android:shadowColor:设置阴影颜色,需要与shadowRadius一起使用
    2. android:shadowRadius:设置阴影的模糊程度,设为0.1就变成字体颜色了,建议用3.0
    3. android:shadowDx:设置阴影在水平方向的偏移,就是水平方向阴影开始的横坐标位置
    4. android:shadowDy:设置阴影在竖直方向的偏移,就是竖直方向阴影开始的纵坐标位置

    activity_main.xml

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
        
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_one"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="200dp"
            android:text="@string/tv_one"
            android:textColor="@color/blue"
            android:textStyle="italic"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:background="@color/back"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:shadowColor="@color/red"
            android:shadowRadius="3.0"
            android:shadowDx="10.0"
            android:shadowDy="10.0"
            android:singleLine="true"
            android:ellipsize="marquee"
            android:marqueeRepeatLimit="marquee_forever"/>
    LinearLayout>
    

    colors.xml

    
    <resources>
        <color name="purple_200">#FFBB86FCcolor>
        <color name="purple_500">#FF6200EEcolor>
        <color name="purple_700">#FF3700B3color>
        <color name="teal_200">#FF03DAC5color>
        <color name="teal_700">#FF018786color>
        <color name="black">#FF000000color>
        <color name="white">#FFFFFFFFcolor>
    
        <color name="blue">#FF000000color>
        <color name="back">#00000000color>
        <color name="red">#FFF00000color>
    resources>
    

Android_第2张图片

  1. 实现跑马灯效果的 TextView

    1. android:singleLine:内容单行显示
    2. android:focusable:是否可以获取焦点
    3. android:focusableInTouchMode:用于控制视图在触摸模式下是否可以聚焦
    4. android:ellipsize:在哪里省略文本
    5. android:marqueeRepeatLimit:字幕动画重复的次数

    activity_main.xml

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
        
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_one"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="200dp"
            android:text="@string/tv_one"
            android:textColor="@color/blue"
            android:textStyle="italic"
            android:textSize="30sp"
            android:background="@color/back"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:shadowColor="@color/red"
            android:shadowRadius="3.0"
            android:shadowDx="10.0"
            android:shadowDy="10.0"
            android:singleLine="true"
            android:ellipsize="marquee"
            android:marqueeRepeatLimit="marquee_forever"
            android:focusable="true"
            android:focusableInTouchMode="true" />
        <requestFocus/> 
    LinearLayout>
    

Android_第3张图片

效果 : 滚动显示所有的文字

2、Button

  1. StateListDrawable

    StateListDrawable是Drawable资源的一种,可以根据不同的状态,设置不同的图片效果,关键节点,我们只需要将Button的background属性设置为该drawable资源即可轻松实现,按下按钮时不同的按钮颜色或背景

    1. drawable:引用的Drawable位图
    2. state_focused:是否获取焦点
    3. state_pressed:控件是否被挤下
    4. state_enabled:控件是否可用
    5. state_selected:控件是否被选择,针对有滚轮的情况
    6. state_checked:控件是否被勾选
    7. state_checkable:控件可否被勾选,eg:checkbox
    8. state_window_focused:是否获得窗口焦点
    9. state_active:控件是否处于活动状态,eg:slidingTab
    10. state_single:控件包含多个子控件时,确定是否只显示一个子控件
    11. state_first:软件包含多个子控件时,确定第一个子控件是否处于显示状态
    12. state_middle:控件包含多个子控件时,确定中间一个子控件是否处于显示状态
    13. state_last:控件包含多个子控件时,确定最后一个子控件是否处于显示状态

    activity_main.xml

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
        <Button
            android:text="我是按钮"
            android:background="@drawable/btn_selector"
            android:backgroundTint="@color/btn_color_selector"
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"/>
    
    LinearLayout>
    

    btn_selector.xml

    
    <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    
        
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/ic_baseline_agriculture_24" android:state_pressed="true"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/ic_baseline_accessibility_24"/>
    
    selector>
    

    btn_color_selector.xml

    
    <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    
        <item android:color="#ffff0000" android:state_pressed="true"/>
        <item android:color="#ff00ff00"/>
    
    selector>
    

Android_第4张图片

Android_第5张图片

  1. Button事件处理

    1. 点击事件
    2. 长按事件
    3. 触摸事件

    activity_main.xml

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn"
            android:text="我是按钮"
            android:background="@drawable/btn_selector"
            android:backgroundTint="@color/btn_color_selector"
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"/>
    
    LinearLayout>
    

    MainActivity

    package com.tinno.controls_button;
    
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.MotionEvent;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.Button;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        private static final String TAG = "tinno";
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            Button btn = findViewById(R.id.btn);
    
            //点击事件
            btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View view) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "onClick: ");
                }
            });
    
            // 长按事件
            btn.setOnLongClickListener(new View.OnLongClickListener() {
                @Override
                public boolean onLongClick(View view) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "onLongClick: " );
                    return false;
                }
            });
    
            //触摸事件
            btn.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
                @Override
                public boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent motionEvent) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "onTouch: " + motionEvent.getAction() );
                    return false;
                }
            });
        }
    }
    

Android_第6张图片

3、EditText

  1. 主要属性

    1. android:hint:输入提示
    2. android:textColorHint:输入提示的内容
    3. android:inputType:输入类型
    4. android:drawableXxx:在输入框的指定方位添加图片
    5. android:drawablePadding:设置图片与输入内容的间距
    6. android:paddingXxxx:设置内容与边框的间距
    7. android:background:背景色

    activity_main.xml

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        tools:context=".MainActivity">
    
    
        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/et"
            android:hint="请输入用户名"
            android:textColorHint="#95A1AA"
            android:inputType="phone"
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp" />
    
        <EditText
            android:hint="请输入密码"
            android:textColorHint="#95A1AA"
            android:inputType="textPassword"
            android:drawableLeft="@drawable/ic_baseline_alt_route_24"
            android:drawablePadding="20dp"
            android:paddingLeft="20dp"
            android:background="@color/white"
            android:layout_width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp" />
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn"
            android:text="获取用户名"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
    LinearLayout>
    

    MainActivity

    package com.tinno.controls_edittext;
    
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.Button;
    import android.widget.EditText;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        private EditText et;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            Button btn = findViewById(R.id.btn);
            et = findViewById(R.id.et);
    
            /* 点击按钮获取EditText的内容 */
            btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View view) {
                    String text = et.getText().toString();
                    Log.e("TAG", "输入的内容: " + text);
                }
            });
        }
    }
    

Android_第7张图片

4、ImageView

  1. 主要属性

    1. android:src:设置图片资源
    2. android:scaleType:设置图片缩放类型
    3. android:maxHeight:最大高度
    4. android:maxWidth:最大宽度
    5. android:adjustViewBounds:调整View的界限
  2. 缩放类型

    1. fitStart:保持宽高比缩放图片,直到较长的边与Image的边长相等,缩放完成后将图片放在ImageView的左上角
    2. fitCenter:默认值,同上,缩放后放于中间
    3. fitEnd:同时,缩放后放于右下角
    4. fixXY:对图像的横纵方向进行独立缩放,使得该图片完全适应ImageView,但是图片的宽高比可能发生改变
    5. center:保持原图大小,显示在ImageView的中心。当原图的size大于ImageView的size,超过部分裁剪处理
    6. centerCrop:保持宽高比缩放图片,直到完全覆盖ImageView,可能会出现图片的显示不完全
    7. centerInside:保持宽高比缩放图片,直到ImageView能够完全显示图片
    8. matrix:不改变原图的大小,从ImageView的左上角开始绘制原图,原图超过ImageView的部分做裁剪处理

activity_main.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <ImageView
        android:src="@drawable/ic_ceshi1"
        android:scaleType="fitStart"
        android:layout_width="200dp"
        android:layout_height="200dp"/>

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_ceshi2"
        android:maxHeight="200dp"
        android:maxWidth="200dp"
        android:adjustViewBounds="true"
        android:scaleType="fitXY" />
LinearLayout>

Android_第8张图片

5、ProgressBar (进度条)

  1. 常用属性详解

    1. android:max:进度条的最大值
    2. android:progress:进度条已完成进度值
    3. android:indeterminate:如果设置成true,则进度条不精确显示进度
    4. style=“?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal”:水平进度条

activity_main.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/pb"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

    <Button
        android:text="显示隐藏进度条"
        android:onClick="tinnoClick"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/pb2"
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
        android:max="100"
        android:layout_width="300dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="模拟下载进度"
        android:onClick="load"/>

    <ProgressBar
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
        android:layout_width="300dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:indeterminate="true"
        android:max="100" />


LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.tinno.controls_progressbar;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private ProgressBar progressBar;
    private ProgressBar progressBar2;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        progressBar = findViewById(R.id.pb);
        progressBar2 = findViewById(R.id.pb2);
    }

    public void tinnoClick(View view){
        // 单击进度条消失,再次单击进度条显示
        if (progressBar.getVisibility() == View.GONE){
            progressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        }else {
            progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);
        }
    }

    public void load(View view){
        // 获得progressbar控件,并进行修改
        int progress = progressBar2.getProgress();
        progress += 10;
        progressBar2.setProgress(progress);
    }
}

Android_第9张图片

6、Notification (通知)

  1. Android_第10张图片

  2. NotificationChannel

    通知渠道:Android 8.0引入了通知渠道,其允许您为要显示的每种通知类型创建用户可自定义的渠道

    通知的重要程度设置,NotificationManager类中

    • IMPORTANCE_NONE:关闭通知
    • IMPORTANCE_MIN:开启通知,不会弹出,但没有提示音,状态栏中无显示
    • IMPORTANCE_LOW:开启通知,不会弹出,不发出提示音,状态栏中显示
    • IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT:开启通知,不会弹出,发出提示音,状态栏中显示
    • IMPORTANCE_HIGH:开启通知,会弹出,发出提示音,状态栏中显示
  3. 常见方法说明

    1. setContentTitle(String string):设置标题
    2. setContentText(String string):设置文本内容
    3. setSmallIcon(int icon):设置小图标
    4. setLargeIcon(Bitmap icon):设置通知的大图标
    5. setColor(int argb):设置小图片的颜色
    6. setContentIntent(PendingIntend intend):设置点击通知后的跳转意图
    7. setAutoCancel(boolean boolean):设置点击通知后自动清除通知
    8. setWhen(long when):设置通知被创建的时间
  4. 注意点

    Android从5.0开始,对于通知栏图标的设计进行了修改。

    现在Google要求,所有应用程序的通知栏图标,应该只能使用alpha图层来进行绘制,而不应该包括RGB图层 ==>(图片不能带颜色)

activity_main.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <Button
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:onClick="sendNotification"
    android:text="发出通知"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="cacelNotification"
        android:text="取消通知"/>

LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.tinno.controls_notification;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat;

import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationChannel;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private NotificationManager manager;
    private Notification notification;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

        //进行版本判断
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O){
            NotificationChannel channel =
                    new NotificationChannel("tinno", "测试通知", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH);//之间的id需要和后文中的new NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"tinno")相等
            manager.createNotificationChannel(channel); //形成一个绑定关系
        }
		
        //设置跳转的页面
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, NotificationActivity.class);
        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,intent,0);

        notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"tinno")
                .setContentTitle("官方通知") //设置标题
                .setContentText("世界那么大,我想去看看") //设置文本内容
                .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_frined) //设置小图标
                .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.ic_ceshi1)) //设置大图标
                .setColor(Color.parseColor("#ff0000")) //设置小图标颜色
                .setContentIntent(pendingIntent) //设置点击通知后的跳转意图
                .setAutoCancel(true)    //设置点击通知后自动清除通知 -> 自动取消
                .build();
    }

    // 发出通知按钮
    public void sendNotification(View view){
        manager.notify(1,notification);
    }

    //点击取消通知
    public void cacelNotification(View view){
        manager.cancel(1); //两个id必须一致
    }
}

NotificationActivity.java 跳转的页面

package com.tinno.controls_notification;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

public class NotificationActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        Log.e("leo", "onCreate: 进入NotificationActivity");
    }
}

Android_第11张图片

7、Toolbar (标题栏)

  1. 常用属性详解

    1. android:layout_width=“match_parent”
    2. android:layout_height=“?attr/actionBarSize”
    3. android:background=“#ffff00”
    4. app:navigationIcon=“@drawable/ic_baseline_arrow_back_24”
    5. app:title=“主标题”
    6. app:titleTextColor=“#ff0000”
    7. app:titleMarginStart=“90dp” 距离左边距离
    8. app:subtitle=“子标题”
    9. app:subtitleTextColor=“#00ffff”
    10. app:logo=“@mipmap/ic_launcher”

    activity_main.xml

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
        <androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar
            android:id="@+id/tb"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
            android:background="#ffff00"
            app:navigationIcon="@drawable/ic_baseline_arrow_back_24"
            app:title="标题"
            app:titleTextColor="#ff0000"
            app:titleMarginStart="90dp"
            app:subtitle="子标题"
            app:subtitleTextColor="#00ffff"
            app:logo="@mipmap/ic_launcher"/>
    
        <androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar
            android:id="@+id/tb2"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
            android:background="#ffff00"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
    
        
        <androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
            android:background="#ffff00"
            app:navigationIcon="@drawable/ic_baseline_arrow_back_24"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp">
    
            <TextView
                android:text="标题3"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_gravity="center"/>
    
        androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar>
    
    LinearLayout>
    

    MainActivity.java

    package com.tinno.controls_toolbar;
    
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    import androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.View;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            Toolbar toolbar = findViewById(R.id.tb);
    
            toolbar.setNavigationOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View view) {
                    Log.e("tinno", "onClick: toolbar1被点击了" );
                }
            });
    
            Toolbar toolbar2 = findViewById(R.id.tb2);
            toolbar2.setNavigationIcon(R.drawable.ic_baseline_arrow_back_24);
            toolbar2.setTitle("标题2");
            toolbar2.setNavigationOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View view) {
                    Log.e("tinno", "onClick: toolbar2被点击了" );
                }
            });
        }
    }
    

Android_第12张图片

8、AlertDialog

  1. 实现方式

    1. AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context); 构建Dialog的各种参数
    2. Builder.setIcon(int iconId); 添加icon
    3. Builder.setTitle(CharSequence title); 添加标题
    4. Builder.setMessage(View view);设置自定义布局
    5. Builder.create(); 创建Dialog
    6. Builder.show(); 显示对话框
    7. setPositiveButton 确定按钮
    8. setNegativeButton 取消按钮
    9. setNeutralButton 中间按钮

    activity_main.xml

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
       <Button
           android:layout_width="wrap_content"
           android:layout_height="wrap_content"
           android:text="显示对话框"
           android:onClick="tinnoClick"/>
    
    LinearLayout>
    

    MainActivity.java

    package com.tinno.controls_alertdialog;
    
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    
    import android.app.AlertDialog;
    import android.content.DialogInterface;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.View;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        public static final String TAG = "tinno";
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        }
    
        public void tinnoClick(View view){
    
            //将布局加载变为一个view
            View dialogView = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.dialog_view, null);
    
            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
            builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                    .setTitle("我是对话框")
                    .setMessage("今天天气不错")
                    .setPositiveButton("确认", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            Log.e(TAG, "onClick: 点击了确认按钮" );
                        }
                    })
                    .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            Log.e(TAG, "onClick: 点击了取消按钮" );
                        }
                    })
                    .setNeutralButton("中间", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            Log.e(TAG, "onClick: 点击了中间按钮" );
                        }
                    })
                    .setView(dialogView)    //设置自定义布局
                    .create()   //创建对话框
                    .show();    //显示对话框
        }
    }
    

    dialog_view.xml

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:background="#ffff00">
    
        <ImageView
            android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
    
        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="哈哈哈!今天天气不错"/>
    
    LinearLayout>
    

    Android_第13张图片

8、PopupWindow

  1. setContentView(View contentView):设置PopupWindow显示的View
  2. showAsDropDown(View anchor):相对某个控件的位置(正左下方),无偏移
  3. showAsDropDown(View anchor,int xoff,int yoff):相对某个控件的位置,有偏移
  4. setFocusable(boolean focusable):设置是否获取焦点
  5. setBackgroundDrawable(Drawable background):设置背景
  6. dismiss():关闭弹窗
  7. setAnimationStyle(int animationStyle):设置加载动画
  8. setTouchable(boolean touchable):设置触摸技能
  9. setOutsideTouchable(boolean touchable):设置PopupWindow外面的触摸使能

activity_main.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="弹出PopupWindow"
        android:onClick="tinnoClick"/>

LinearLayout>

popup_view.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@mipmap/ic_launcher">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="5dp"
        android:text="上海"
        android:textSize="18sp"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="5dp"
        android:text="北京"
        android:textSize="18sp"/>
LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.tinno.controls_popupwindow;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.PopupWindow;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    public static final String TAG = "tinno";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    public void tinnoClick(View view){
        View popupView = getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.popup_view, null);

        //获取处在popup_view中的两个按钮
        Button btn1 = popupView.findViewById(R.id.btn1);
        Button btn2 = popupView.findViewById(R.id.btn2);

        //调用PopupWindow的构造函数,将内容显示,(view对象【布局文件】,长度,宽度,是否获取焦点)
        PopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(popupView, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,true);

        //为popupwindow设置背景图片
        popupWindow.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_ceshi1));

        //设置相对某个控件的位置(正左下方),无偏移
        popupWindow.showAsDropDown(view);

        //为两个按钮设置点击事件
        btn1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onClick: 你是住在上海吗" );
                popupWindow.dismiss();  //点击之后关闭窗口
            }
        });

        btn2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Log.e(TAG, "onClick: 你是住在北京吗" );
                popupWindow.dismiss();
            }
        });
    }
}

Android_第14张图片

2、Android基础开发 – 布局

2.1、LinearLayout(线性布局)

  1. orientation:布局中组件的排列方式
  2. gravity:控制组件所包含的子元素的对齐方式,可多个组合
  3. layout_gravity:控制组件在父容器里的对齐方式
  4. background:为该组件设置一个背景图片,或者是直接用颜色覆盖
  5. divider:分割线
  6. showDividers:设置分割线所在的位置,none(无),beginning(开始),end(结束),middle(每两个组件间)
  7. dividerPadding:设置分割线的padding
  8. layout_wright(权重):该属性是用来等比例的划分区域的

avtivity_main.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:divider="@drawable/divider"
    android:showDividers="middle"
    android:dividerPadding="100dp">

    

    <LinearLayout
        android:background="#ff0000"
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp" 
        android:layout_weight="2"/>
        
    
    <View
        android:background="#00ff00"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="1dp"/>

    <LinearLayout
        android:background="#ffff00"
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"/>

    <LinearLayout
        android:background="#ff00ff"
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"/>
LinearLayout>

Android_第15张图片

2.2、RelativeLayout(相对布局,以父容器为基准)

  1. 常见属性

    根据父容器定位

    1. layout_alignParentLeft:左对齐
    2. layout_alignParentRight:右对齐
    3. layout_alignParentTop:顶部对齐
    4. layout_alignParentBottom:底部对齐
    5. layout_centerVertical:垂直居中
    6. layout_centerInParent:中间位置

    根据兄弟组件定位

    1. layout_toLeftOf:放置于参考组件的左边
    2. layout_toRightOf:放置于参考组件的右边
    3. layout_above:放置于参考组件的上方
    4. layout_below:放置于参考组件的下方
    5. layout_alignTop:对齐参考组件的上边界
    6. layout_alignBottom:对齐参考组件的下边界
    7. layout_alignLeft:对齐参考组件的左边界
    8. layout_alignRight:对齐参考组件的右边界
  2. 通用属性

    margin 设置组件与父容器的边距

    1. layout_margin:
    2. layout_marginLeft:
    3. layout_marginRight:
    4. layout_marginTop
    5. layout_marginBotton

    padding 设置组件内部元素的边距

    activity_main.xml

    
    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:padding="100dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    
        <RelativeLayout
            android:id="@+id/rl1"
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:background="#ff0000"/>
    
        <RelativeLayout
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:background="#00ff00"
            android:layout_marginLeft="100dp" />
    
    RelativeLayout>
    

Android_第16张图片

2.3、FrameLayout(帧布局):

从父容器的左上角开始绘制,一个一个往上堆

  1. 常见属性

    1. android:foreground:设置前景
    2. android:foregroundGravity:设置前景位置

avtivity_main.xml


<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">


    <FrameLayout
        android:layout_width="400dp"
        android:layout_height="400dp"
        android:background="#ff0000"/>

    
    <FrameLayout
        android:layout_width="300dp"
        android:layout_height="300dp"
        android:background="#ffff00"
        android:foreground="@drawable/ic_ceshi1"
        android:foregroundGravity="right|bottom"/>

    <FrameLayout
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:background="#00ff00"/>
FrameLayout>

Android_第17张图片

2.4、TableLayout(表格布局)

  1. 常见属性

    1. android:collapseColumns:设置需要被隐藏的列的序号,从0开始
    2. android:stretchColumns:设置允许被拉伸的列的列序号,从0开始
    3. android:strinkColumns:设置允许被收缩的列的列序号,从0开始

    子控件设置属性

    1. android:layout_column:现在在第几列
    2. android:layout:span:横向跨几列

activity_main.xml


<TableLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:shrinkColumns="1">

    <TableRow>
        <Button
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_column="2"
            android:layout_span="2"
            android:text="第1个"/>

        <Button
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:text="第2个"/>

    TableRow>

    <TableRow>
        <Button
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:text="第1个"/>

        <Button
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:text="第2个"/>

        <Button
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:text="第3个"/>

        <Button
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:text="第4个"/>

        <Button
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:text="第5个"/>


    TableRow>

    <Button
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:text="第1个"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:text="第2个"/>

TableLayout>

Android_第18张图片

2.5、GridLayout(网格布局)

  1. 常见属性

    1. android:orientation:设置水平显示还是垂直显示
    2. android:columnCount:设置行的显示个数
    3. android:rowCount:设置列的显示个数
  2. 子控件属性

    1. android:layout_column:显示在第几列
    2. android:layout_columnSpan:横向跨几列
    3. android:layout_columnWeight:横向剩余空间分配方式
    4. android:gravity:在网格中的显示位置
    5. android:layout_row:显示在第几列
    6. android:layout_rowSpan:横向跨几列
    7. android:layout_rowWeight:纵向剩余空间分配方式

activity_main.xml


<GridLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:columnCount="3">

    <Button
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:text="第1个" />

    
    <Button
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_row="1"
        android:layout_column="0"
        android:layout_rowWeight="1"
        android:layout_columnSpan="2"
        android:layout_gravity="fill"
        android:text="第2个"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_row="2"
        android:text="第3个"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:text="第4个"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:text="第5个"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:text="第6个"/>

    <Button
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:text="第7个"/>

GridLayout>

Android_第19张图片

2.6、ConstraintLayout(约束布局)

activity_main.xml


<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">


    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Button"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="60dp"
        android:text="Button"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/button"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/button"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.0" />

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Guideline
        android:id="@+id/guideline2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        app:layout_constraintGuide_begin="205dp" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="60dp"
        android:text="Button"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/guideline2"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button4"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="60dp"
        android:text="Button"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@+id/guideline2"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/button3" />

androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

在这里插入图片描述

3、Android基础开发 – ListView

list_item.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="30sp"/>

LinearLayout>

activity_main.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/lv"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

LinearLayout>

Bean.java

package com.tinno.my_listview;

public class Bean {

    String name;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

MyAdapter.java

package com.tinno.my_listview;

import android.content.Context;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.List;

public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

    private List<Bean> data;
    private Context context;


    public MyAdapter(List<Bean> data, Context context) {
        this.data = data;
        this.context = context;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return data.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        ViewHolder viewHolder;
        if (convertView == null){
            viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
            convertView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.list_item, parent,false);
            viewHolder.textView = convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
            convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
        }else {
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
        }
        //获取TextView对象
        //TextView textView = convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
        //为TextView赋值
        //textView.setText(data.get(position).getName());
        viewHolder.textView.setText(data.get(position).getName());

        Log.e("tinno", "getView: " + position );

        return convertView;
    }

    //为了优化性能,创建ViewHolder
    private final class ViewHolder{
        TextView textView;
    }
}

MainActivity.java

package com.tinno.my_listview;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    //新建一个list列表,注意:一定要初始化,不然会报空指针异常
    private List<Bean> data = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //设置显示的内容
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            Bean bean = new Bean();
            bean.setName("Tinno" + i);
            data.add(bean);
        }
        //获取ListView
        ListView listView = findViewById(R.id.lv);
        //设置适配器
        listView.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(data,this));

        // 实现 ListView 的点击
        listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {

                Log.e("tinno", "onItemClick: " + position);
            }
        });
    }
}

Android_第20张图片

4、Android基础开发 – RecyclerView

  1. 导包

    dependencies{
        implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'
    }
    

    Android_第21张图片

activity_main.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/rv"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

LinearLayout>

recycler_item.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="30sp"/>

LinearLayout>

Bean.java

package com.tinno.my_recyclerview;

public class Bean {

    String name;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

MyAdapter.java

package com.tinno.my_recyclerview;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;

import java.util.List;

public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.MyViewHolder>{

    private List<Bean> data;
    private Context context;

    public MyAdapter(List<Bean> data, Context context) {
        this.data = data;
        this.context = context;
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        //先拿到 recycler_item 的布局
        View view = View.inflate(context, R.layout.recycler_item, null);
        return new MyViewHolder(view);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull MyViewHolder holder, int position) {
        //绑定数据
        holder.tv.setText(data.get(position).getName());
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return data == null ? 0 : data.size();
    }

    // MyViewHolder 需要继承 RecyclerView.ViewHolder
    public class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        private TextView tv;

        public MyViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            tv = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv);

            // 进行自定义监听方法的实现
            itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View view) {
                    if(mOnItemClickListener != null){
                        mOnItemClickListener.onRecyclerItemClick(getAbsoluteAdapterPosition());
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    }

    private OnRecyclerItemClickListener mOnItemClickListener;

    //设置监听的方法
    public void setRecyclerItemClickListener(OnRecyclerItemClickListener listener){
        mOnItemClickListener = listener;
    }

    //自定义设置一个监听器
    public interface OnRecyclerItemClickListener{
        void onRecyclerItemClick(int position);
    }
}

MainActivity.java

package com.tinno.my_recyclerview;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private List<Bean> data = new ArrayList<>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        for (int i = 0; i < 20000; i++) {
            if (i % 4 != 0 ){
                continue;
            }
            Bean bean = new Bean();
            bean.setName("享受" + i);
            data.add(bean);
        }

        RecyclerView recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.rv);

        //为recyclerView进行一个布局,LinearLayout布局
        /*LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);*/

        //网格显示,一行显示3个
        GridLayoutManager gridLayoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(this,3);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(gridLayoutManager);

        // 瀑布流布局 显示
        /*StaggeredGridLayoutManager staggeredGridLayoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(4, LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(staggeredGridLayoutManager);*/

        MyAdapter myAdapter = new MyAdapter(data, this);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(myAdapter);
	
        //实现点击方法
        myAdapter.setRecyclerItemClickListener(new MyAdapter.OnRecyclerItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onRecyclerItemClick(int position) {
                Log.e("tinno", "onRecyclerItemClick: " + position );
            }
        });
    }
}

Android_第22张图片

5、Android基础开发 – 动画

  1. 动画类型:

    1. 逐帧动画(frame-by-frame animation)
    2. 补间动画(tweened animation)
    3. 属性动画(property animation)

1、逐帧动画

  1. animation-list

    
    <animation-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
        
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame1" android:duration="120"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame2" android:duration="120"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame3" android:duration="120"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame4" android:duration="120"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame5" android:duration="120"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame6" android:duration="120"/>
        <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame7" android:duration="120"/>
    
    animation-list>
    
  2. 动画的启动和停止

    //获取动画的Drawable资源

    AnimationDrawable anim = (AnimationDrawable) relativeLayout.getBackground();

    //启动动画

    anim.start();

    //停止动画

    anim.stop();

frame.xml


<animation-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame1" android:duration="120"/>
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame2" android:duration="120"/>
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame3" android:duration="120"/>
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame4" android:duration="120"/>
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame5" android:duration="120"/>
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame6" android:duration="120"/>
    <item android:drawable="@drawable/frame7" android:duration="120"/>

animation-list>

activity_main.xml


<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/rl"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/frame">


RelativeLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.tinno.my_animation;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.graphics.drawable.AnimationDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private boolean flag = true;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        RelativeLayout relativeLayout = findViewById(R.id.rl);

        //获取 AnimationDrawable
        AnimationDrawable anim = (AnimationDrawable) relativeLayout.getBackground();
        relativeLayout.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                if (flag){
                    // 启动动画
                    anim.start();
                    flag = false;
                }else {
                    // 停止动画
                    anim.stop();
                    flag = true;
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

Android_第23张图片

2、补间动画

  1. 补间动画

    1. alpha:透明度
    2. rotate:旋转
    3. scale:缩放
    4. translate:平移

activity_main.xml


<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
        android:adjustViewBounds="true"
        android:maxWidth="300dp"
        android:maxHeight="300dp"
        android:src="@drawable/ic_ceshi2"/>

RelativeLayout>

alpha.xml ==> 透明度


<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    
    
    <alpha
        android:fromAlpha="0"
        android:toAlpha="1"
        android:duration="2000"
        />
set>

rotate.xml ==> 旋转


<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    
    <rotate
        android:fromDegrees="0"
        android:toDegrees="360"
        android:pivotX="50%"
        android:pivotY="50%"
        android:duration="2000"
        />
set>

scale.xml ==> 缩放


<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    
    <scale
        android:fromXScale="1"
        android:fromYScale="1"
        android:toXScale="0.5"
        android:toYScale="0.5"
        android:pivotX="50%"
        android:pivotY="50%"
        android:duration="2000"
        />
set>

translate.xml ==> 平移


<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <translate
        android:fromXDelta="0"
        android:fromYDelta="0"
        android:toXDelta="400"
        android:toYDelta="400"
        android:duration="2000"
        />
set>

MainActivity.java

package com.tinno.my_animtweened;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.animation.Animation;
import android.view.animation.AnimationUtils;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        ImageView imageView = findViewById(R.id.iv);

        //设置imageView的点击事件
        imageView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //通过加载xml动画设置文件来创建一个 Animation 对象
                // 点击从透明到不透明
                //Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.alpha);

                // 点击中心旋转360°
                //Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.rotate);

                // 点击缩放
                //Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.scale);

                // 点击平移
                Animation animation = AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(MainActivity.this, R.anim.translate);
                //通过 imageView来启动
                imageView.startAnimation(animation);
            }
        });
    }
}

Android_第24张图片

3、属性动画

  1. ValueAnimator

    ValueAnimator anim = ValueAnimator.ofFloat(0f, 1f);
    anim.setDuration(2000)
    
    anim.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
               @Override
                public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator valueAnimator) {
                            
                 }
    });
    
    anim.start();
    

    MainActicity.java

    package com.tinno.my_animproperty;
    
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    
    import android.animation.ValueAnimator;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            ValueAnimator anim = ValueAnimator.ofFloat(0f, 1f);
            // 设置整个动画的周期
            anim.setDuration(2000);
            anim.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
                @Override
                public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator valueAnimator) {
                    float value = (float) valueAnimator.getAnimatedValue();
                    Log.e("Tinno", "onAnimationUpdate: " + value );
                }
            });
    
            anim.start();
        }
    }
    

Android_第25张图片

  1. ObjectAnimator

    TextView textView = findViewById(R.id.tv);
    ObjectAnimator objectAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(textView, "alpha", 0f, 1f);
    objectAnimator.setDuration(2000);
    objectAnimator.start();
    

    由完全透明到不透明

  2. 监听器

    objectAnimator.addListener(new Animator.AnimatorListener() {
                @Override
                public void onAnimationStart(Animator animator) {
                    
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animator) {
    
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onAnimationCancel(Animator animator) {
    
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onAnimationRepeat(Animator animator) {
    
                }
     });
    

    onAnimationStart():动画开始的时候调用

    onAnimationEnd():动画结束的时候调用

    onAnimationCancel():动画被取消的时候调用

    onAnimationRepeat():动画重复执行的时候调用

objectAnimator.addListener(new AnimatorListenerAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationCancel(Animator animation) {
                super.onAnimationCancel(animation);
            }
});
  • 适配,可以选中一个方法进行重写

6、Android基础开发 – 单位和尺寸

  1. px和pt的区别

    1. px:pixels(像素)不同设备显示效果相同
    2. pt:point,是一个标准的长度单位,1pt=1/72英寸,用于印刷业,非常简单易用
  2. dp与sp的区别

    1. dip:device independent pixels(设备独立像素),不同设备有不同的显示效果,这个和设备硬件有关,一般我们为了支持WVGA、HVGA和QVGA推荐使用这个,不依赖像素。
    2. dp:就是dip
    3. sp:scaled pixels(放大像素)。主要用于字体显示 best for textsize。
  3. LayoutParams是什么

    LayoutParams相当于一个Layout的信息包,它封装了 Layout 的位置、高、宽等信息

    MainActivity.java

    package com.tinno.my_layoutparams;
    
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.LinearLayout;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            //setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            LinearLayout linearLayout = new LinearLayout(this);
            LinearLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
            linearLayout.setLayoutParams(layoutParams);
    
            TextView textView = new TextView(this);
            textView.setText("我是文本");
            textView.setBackgroundColor(0xffff0000);
            // 此时的单位是 px
            LinearLayout.LayoutParams textLayoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(300,300);
            /*textView.setLayoutParams(textLayoutParams);
    
            // 将textView添加到 linearLayout布局中
            linearLayout.addView(textView);*/
            linearLayout.addView(textView,textLayoutParams);
    
            setContentView(linearLayout);
        }
    }
    

Android_第26张图片

7、Android基础开发 – ViewPager

  1. PagerAdapter的方法

    1. getCount():获得viewpager有多少个view
    2. instantiateItem():
      1. 将给定位置的view添加到ViewGroup(容器)中,创建并显示出来
      2. 返回一个代表新增页面的Object(key),通常都是直接返回view本身就可以了,当然你也可以自定义自己的key,但是key和每一个view要一一对应的关系
    3. isViewFromObject():判断instantiateItem(ViewGroup,int)函数所返回来的key与一个页面视图是否代表的同一个视图(即它俩是否对应的,对应的表示同一个view),通常我们直接写 return view == object
    4. destroyItem():移除一个给定位置的页面。适配器有责任从容器中删除这个视图。这是为了确保在 finishUpdate(viewGroup)返回时视图能够被移除。而另外两个方法则是涉及到一个key的东东;

layout1.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#ff00ff"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="30sp"
        android:text="layout1"
        android:layout_gravity="center"/>

LinearLayout>

layout2.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#ff0000"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="30sp"
        android:text="layout2"
        android:layout_gravity="center"/>

LinearLayout>

layout3.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#ffff00"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="30sp"
        android:text="layout1"
        android:layout_gravity="center"/>

LinearLayout>

activity_main.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager
        android:id="@+id/vp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.tinno.my_viewpager;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        // 渲染布局 根据getLayoutInflater().from(this)
        LayoutInflater lf = getLayoutInflater().from(this);
        View view1 = lf.inflate(R.layout.layout1, null);
        View view2 = lf.inflate(R.layout.layout2, null);
        View view3 = lf.inflate(R.layout.layout3, null);

        List<View> viewList = new ArrayList<>();
        viewList.add(view1);
        viewList.add(view2);
        viewList.add(view3);

        ViewPager viewPager = findViewById(R.id.vp);
        MyAdapter myAdapter = new MyAdapter(viewList);
        viewPager.setAdapter(myAdapter);
    }
}

MyAdapter.java

package com.tinno.my_viewpager;

import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.viewpager.widget.PagerAdapter;

import java.util.List;

public class MyAdapter extends PagerAdapter {

    private List mListView;

    public MyAdapter(List mListView){
        this.mListView = mListView;
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public Object instantiateItem(@NonNull ViewGroup container, int position) {
        container.addView(mListView.get(position),0);
        return mListView.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return mListView.size();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isViewFromObject(@NonNull View view, @NonNull Object object) {
        return view == object;
    }

    @Override
    public void destroyItem(@NonNull ViewGroup container, int position, @NonNull Object object) {
        container.removeView(mListView.get(position));
    }
}

Android_第27张图片

8、Android基础开发 – Fragment

8.1、什么是Fragment

  1. 具备生命周期

    Fragment相当于一个小 activity

  2. 必须委托在 activity 中才能运行

fragment_blank1.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".BlankFragment1">

    
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:text="@string/hello_blank_fragment" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="40dp"
        android:text="How are you"/>

LinearLayout>

activity_main.xml


<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <fragment
        android:name="com.tinno.fragmentbase.BlankFragment1"
        android:id="@+id/fragment1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

LinearLayout>

BlankFragment1.java

package com.tinno.fragmentbase;

import android.os.Bundle;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class BlankFragment1 extends Fragment {

    private View root;
    private TextView textView;
    private Button button;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        if (root == null){
            root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_blank1,container,false);
        }
        textView = root.findViewById(R.id.textview);
        button = root.findViewById(R.id.btn);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                textView.setText("Yes,I am fine.And you?");
            }
        });
        return root;
    }
}

BlankFragment2.java

package com.tinno.fragmentbase;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

public class BlankFragment2 extends Fragment {

    private View root;
    private TextView textView;
    private Button button;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        if (root == null){
            root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_blank1,container,false);
        }
        textView = root.findViewById(R.id.textview);
        button = root.findViewById(R.id.btn);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                textView.setText("Yes,I am fine.And you?");
            }
        });
        return root;
    }
}

Android_第28张图片

8.2、动态添加fragment

  1. 创建一个待处理的fragment
  2. 获取FragmentManager,一般都是通过getSupportFragmentManager()
  3. 开始一个事务 transaction,一般调用 fragmentManager的beginTransaction()
  4. 使用 transaction 进行 fragment 的替换
  5. 提交事务
  1. 现在activity_main.xml中添加两个按钮和一个FrameLayout布局

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        tools:context=".MainActivity">
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@string/change" />
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn2"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="@string/replace"/>
    
        <FrameLayout
            android:id="@+id/framelagout"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:background="@color/purple_200">
    
        FrameLayout>
    LinearLayout>
    

Android_第29张图片

  1. 创建一个空的BlankFragmnet1继承子Fragment , 并对自动创建xml

Android_第30张图片

  1. 在创建一个Fragment(List) , 并对自动创建xml

Android_第31张图片

  1. MainActivity.java进行动态添加Fragment

    package com.tinno.fragmentmanager;
    
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
    import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
    import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentTransaction;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.Button;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            Button button = findViewById(R.id.btn);
            button.setOnClickListener(this);
    
            Button button2 = findViewById(R.id.btn2);
            button2.setOnClickListener(this);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            switch (view.getId()){
                case R.id.btn:
                    replaceFragment(new BlankFragment1());
                    break;
                case R.id.btn2:
                    replaceFragment(new ItemFragment());
            }
        }
    
        private void replaceFragment(Fragment fragment) {
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
            /*FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
            transaction.replace(R.id.framelagout,fragment);
            transaction.commit();*/
            fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
                    .replace(R.id.framelagout,fragment)
                    .addToBackStack(null)   //将fragment放在同一个栈里,当点击返回按钮,返回的时前一个fragment
                    .commit();
        }
    }
    
  2. 效果图: 点击按钮出现不同的fragment

    Android_第32张图片

8.3、Activity 与 Fragment 通信

8.3.1、原生方案:Bundle

代码如 2、动态添加fragment的代码,增加内容如下图:

Android_第33张图片

Android_第34张图片

Android_第35张图片

8.3.2、Java语言类与类自己通信常用方案:接口

代码在 原生方案:Bundle的基础上改版,增加内容如下图

增加接口 IFagmentCallback

package com.tinno.fragmentmanager;

public interface IFragmentCallback {
    //发送消息给Activity
    void sendMsgToActivity(String msg);
    //获取Activity的消息
    String getMsgFromActivity(String msg);
}

Android_第36张图片

Android_第37张图片

Android_第38张图片

实现效果为:

Android_第39张图片

8.4、Fragment生命周期

Android_第40张图片

(1)onAttach(Context context):在Fragment和Activity关联上的时候调用,且仅调用一次。在该回调中我们可以将context转化为Activity保存下来,从而避免后期频繁调用getAtivity()获取Activity的局面,避免了在某些情况下getAtivity()为空的异常(Activity和Fragment分离的情况下)。同时也可以在该回调中将传入的Arguments提取并解析,在这里强烈推荐通过setArguments给Fragment传参数,因为在应用被系统回收时Fragment不会保存相关属性,具体之后会讲解。

(2)onCreate:在最初创建Fragment的时候会调用,和Activity的onCreate类似。

(3)View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState):在准备绘制Fragment界面时调用,返回值为Fragment要绘制布局的根视图,当然也可以返回null。注意使用inflater构建View时一定要将attachToRoot指明false,因为Fragment会自动将视图添加到container中,attachToRoot为true会重复添加报错。onCreateView并不是一定会被调用,当添加的是没有界面的Fragment就不会调用,比如调用FragmentTransaction的 add(Fragment fragment, String tag)方法。

(4)onActivityCreated :在Activity的onCreated执行完时会调用。

(5)onStart() :Fragment对用户可见的时候调用,前提是Activity已经started。

(6)onResume():Fragment和用户之前可交互时会调用,前提是Activity已经resumed。

(7)onPause():Fragment和用户之前不可交互时会调用。

(8)onStop():Fragment不可见时会调用。

(9)onDestroyView():在移除Fragment相关视图层级时调用。

(10)onDestroy():最终清楚Fragment状态时会调用。

(11)onDetach():Fragment和Activity解除关联时调用。

8.5、Fragment 和 ViewPager 的联合应用

8.5.1、ViewPage2的基本应用

  1. 先将布局文件进行定义

    activity_main.xml

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context=".MainActivity">
    
        <androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2
            android:id="@+id/viewPage"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:background="#FFAAFF">
    
        androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2>
    
    LinearLayout>
    

    item_pager.xml

    
    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:id="@+id/container">
    
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tvTitle"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"
            android:textColor="#FF4532"
            android:textSize="32sp"
            android:text="你好!"/>
    RelativeLayout>
    
  2. MainActivity.java中进行PageView2 布局的获取

    package com.tinno.viewpageandfragment;
    
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
    import androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager;
    import androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            ViewPager2 viewPager2 = findViewById(R.id.viewPage);
            ViewPageAdapter viewPagerAdapter = new ViewPageAdapter();
            viewPager2.setAdapter(viewPagerAdapter);
        }
    }
    
  3. 定义ViewPage2适配器代码的编写 ViewPageAdapter.java ,ViewPage2适配器继承自RecyclerView.Adapter

    package com.tinno.viewpageandfragment;
    
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    
    import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
    import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;
    import androidx.viewpager.widget.ViewPager;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    public class ViewPageAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<ViewPageAdapter.ViewPagerViewHolder> {
    
        private List<String> title = new ArrayList<>();
    
        /**
         * 定义构造方法,将数据初始化
         */
        public ViewPageAdapter(){
            title.add("hello");
            title.add("Kitty");
            title.add("唧唧复唧唧");
            title.add("木兰当户织");
            title.add("不闻机杼声");
            title.add("但闻女叹息");
            title.add("女亦何所思");
            title.add("女亦何所忆");
            title.add("东市买骏马");
        }
    
        @NonNull
        @Override
        public ViewPagerViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup group, int viewType) {
            return new ViewPagerViewHolder(LayoutInflater.from(group.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item_pager,group,false));
        }
    
        /**
         * 将数据传进来,给页面展示不同的数据
         * @param holder
         * @param position
         */
        @Override
        public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewPagerViewHolder holder, int position) {
            holder.mTv.setText(title.get(position));
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getItemCount() {
            return title==null ? 0 : title.size();
        }
    
        class ViewPagerViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
    
            TextView mTv;
            RelativeLayout mContainer;
    
            public ViewPagerViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
                super(itemView);
                mContainer = itemView.findViewById(R.id.container);
                mTv = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tvTitle);
            }
        }
    }
    
  4. 运行结果 --> 使用鼠标进行左右滑动,页面进行变化

Android_第41张图片

8.5.2、ViewPage + Fragment 形成翻页效果 (ViewPage2)

  1. build.gradle中加入 ViewPage2 的依赖

    /* 添加viewpager2依赖 */
     implementation 'androidx.viewpager2:viewpager2:1.0.0'
    
  2. 主界面布局 activity_main.xml 只有一个ViewPage2

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        tools:context=".MainActivity">
    
        <androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2
            android:id="@+id/id_viewpage2"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1">
    
        androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2>
    
    
    LinearLayout>
    
  3. 编写 ViewPage2 的适配器 ,继承自 FragmentStateAdapter

    package com.tinno.wechatpage.adapter;
    
    import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
    import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
    import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity;
    import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
    import androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle;
    import androidx.viewpager2.adapter.FragmentStateAdapter;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    /**
     * ViewPage2适配器继承自 FragmentStateAdapter
     */
    public class MyFragmentPagerAdapter extends FragmentStateAdapter {
    
        private List<Fragment> fragmentList = new ArrayList<>();
    
        public MyFragmentPagerAdapter(@NonNull FragmentManager fragmentManager, @NonNull Lifecycle lifecycle,List<Fragment> fragments) {
            super(fragmentManager, lifecycle);
            fragmentList = fragments;
        }
    
        @NonNull
        @Override
        public Fragment createFragment(int position) {
            return fragmentList.get(position);
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getItemCount() {
            return fragmentList.size();
        }
    }
    
  4. 编写一个 Fragment类,并为该类设置布局 fragment_blank.xml , Fragement 类中的newInstance()可以进行方法复用,创造多个fragment

    package com.tinno.wechatpage.fragment;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    
    import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
    import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
    import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
    
    import com.tinno.wechatpage.R;
    
    public class BlankFragment extends Fragment {
    
        private static final String ARG_TEXT = "param1";
    
        private String mTextString;
    
        private View rootView;
    
        public void BlankFragment(){
    
        }
    
        /**
         * 每new 一个 newInstance 就会新建一个 fragment
         * @param param1 使用bundle传值
         * @return 返回一个fragment
         */
        public static BlankFragment newInstance(String param1){
            BlankFragment fragment = new BlankFragment();
            Bundle args = new Bundle();
            args.putString(ARG_TEXT,param1);
    
            fragment.setArguments(args);
            return fragment;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            if (getArguments() != null){
                 mTextString = getArguments().getString(ARG_TEXT);
            }
        }
    
        @Nullable
        @Override
        public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            if (rootView == null){
                rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_blank,container,false);
            }
            initView();
            return rootView;
        }
    
        private void initView() {
            TextView textView = rootView.findViewById(R.id.text);
            textView.setText(mTextString);
        }
    }
    
    
    <FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/text"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:textSize="36sp"
            android:text="Hello Blank Fragment"/>
    
    FrameLayout>
    
  5. 在主启动类中 ,加载这个 Fragment

    package com.tinno.wechatpage;
    
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
    import androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    
    import com.tinno.wechatpage.adapter.MyFragmentPagerAdapter;
    import com.tinno.wechatpage.fragment.BlankFragment;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        private ViewPager2 viewPager2;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            initPager();
        }
    
        /**
         * 初始化
         * @getLifecycle()-->jetpack组件
         */
        private void initPager() {
            viewPager2 = (ViewPager2) findViewById(R.id.id_viewpage2);
            ArrayList<Fragment> fragments = new ArrayList<>();
            fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("微信"));
            fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("通讯录"));
            fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("发现"));
            fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("我"));
            Log.e("TAG", "获取的fragment: " + fragments );
            MyFragmentPagerAdapter pagerAdapter = new MyFragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(),getLifecycle(),fragments);
            viewPager2.setAdapter(pagerAdapter);
        }
    }
    
  6. 实现效果: 滑动切换不同的 fragment
    Android_第42张图片

8.5.3、实例:ViewPage2+Fragment 完成模拟微信首页

  1. 目录结构:

Android_第43张图片

  1. Fragment类 BlankFragment 和 布局文件 fragment_blank.xml 如下

    package com.tinno.wechatpage.fragment;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    
    import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
    import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
    import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
    
    import com.tinno.wechatpage.R;
    
    public class BlankFragment extends Fragment {
    
        private static final String ARG_TEXT = "param1";
    
        private String mTextString;
    
        private View rootView;
    
        public void BlankFragment(){
    
        }
    
        /**
         * 每new 一个 newInstance 就会新建一个 fragment
         * @param param1 使用bundle传值
         * @return 返回一个fragment
         */
        public static BlankFragment newInstance(String param1){
            BlankFragment fragment = new BlankFragment();
            Bundle args = new Bundle();
            args.putString(ARG_TEXT,param1);
    
            fragment.setArguments(args);
            return fragment;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            if (getArguments() != null){
                 mTextString = getArguments().getString(ARG_TEXT);
            }
        }
    
        @Nullable
        @Override
        public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            if (rootView == null){
                rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_blank,container,false);
            }
            initView();
            return rootView;
        }
    
        private void initView() {
            TextView textView = rootView.findViewById(R.id.text);
            textView.setText(mTextString);
        }
    }
    
    
    <FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/text"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:textSize="36sp"
            android:text="Hello Blank Fragment"/>
    
    FrameLayout>
    
  2. ViewPage2 的适配器 MyFragmentPagerAdapter

    package com.tinno.wechatpage.adapter;
    
    import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
    import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
    import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity;
    import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
    import androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle;
    import androidx.viewpager2.adapter.FragmentStateAdapter;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    /**
     * ViewPage2适配器继承自 FragmentStateAdapter
     */
    public class MyFragmentPagerAdapter extends FragmentStateAdapter {
    
        private List<Fragment> fragmentList = new ArrayList<>();
    
        public MyFragmentPagerAdapter(@NonNull FragmentManager fragmentManager, @NonNull Lifecycle lifecycle,List<Fragment> fragments) {
            super(fragmentManager, lifecycle);
            fragmentList = fragments;
        }
    
        @NonNull
        @Override
        public Fragment createFragment(int position) {
            return fragmentList.get(position);
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getItemCount() {
            return fragmentList.size();
        }
    }
    
  3. 主界面布局 activity_main.xml和 底部 bottom_layout.xml 以及 图片状态4个xml–> tab_contact.xml……

    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        tools:context=".MainActivity">
    
        <androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2
            android:id="@+id/id_viewpage2"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="1">
    
        androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2>
    
        <include layout="@layout/bottom_layout"/>
    
    LinearLayout>
    
    
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="55dp"
        android:background="#E0E0E0">
    
        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/id_tab_weixin"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:orientation="vertical">
    
            <ImageView
                android:id="@+id/tab_iv_weixin"
                android:layout_width="32dp"
                android:layout_height="32dp"
                android:background="@drawable/tab_weixin"/>
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_weixin"
                android:layout_width="32dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="微信"
                android:gravity="center"/>
        LinearLayout>
    
        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/id_tab_contact"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:orientation="vertical">
    
            <ImageView
                android:id="@+id/tab_iv_contact"
                android:layout_width="32dp"
                android:layout_height="32dp"
                android:background="@drawable/tab_contact"/>
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_contact"
                android:layout_width="45dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="通信录"
                android:gravity="center"/>
        LinearLayout>
    
        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/id_tab_find"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:orientation="vertical">
    
            <ImageView
                android:id="@+id/tab_iv_find"
                android:layout_width="32dp"
                android:layout_height="32dp"
                android:background="@drawable/tab_find"/>
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_find"
                android:layout_width="32dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="发现"
                android:gravity="center"/>
        LinearLayout>
    
        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/id_tab_me"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:orientation="vertical">
    
            <ImageView
                android:id="@+id/tab_iv_me"
                android:layout_width="32dp"
                android:layout_height="32dp"
                android:background="@drawable/tab_me"/>
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_me"
                android:layout_width="32dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:text="我的"
                android:gravity="center"/>
        LinearLayout>
    
    LinearLayout>
    
    
    <selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
        
        <item android:drawable="@mipmap/ic_wechat_press" android:state_selected="true"/>
        
        <item android:drawable="@mipmap/ic_wechat"/>
    selector>
    
  4. 主启动类 MainActivity

    package com.tinno.wechatpage;
    
    import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
    import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
    import androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2;
    
    import android.graphics.Color;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.ImageView;
    import android.widget.LinearLayout;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    
    import com.tinno.wechatpage.adapter.MyFragmentPagerAdapter;
    import com.tinno.wechatpage.fragment.BlankFragment;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    
        private ViewPager2 viewPager2;
        private LinearLayout llChat,llContacts,llFind,llMe;
        private ImageView ivChat,ivContacts,ivFind,ivMe,ivCurrent;
        private TextView tvChat,tvContacts,tvFind,tvMe,tvCurrent;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            initPager();
            initTabView();
        }
    
        /**
         * 获取布局中的各种控件
         */
        private void initTabView() {
            llChat = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_weixin);
            llContacts = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_contact);
            llFind = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_find);
            llMe = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.id_tab_me);
    
            llChat.setOnClickListener(this);
            llContacts.setOnClickListener(this);
            llFind.setOnClickListener(this);
            llMe.setOnClickListener(this);
    
            ivChat = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.tab_iv_weixin);
            ivContacts = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.tab_iv_contact);
            ivFind = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.tab_iv_find);
            ivMe = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.tab_iv_me);
    
            tvChat = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_weixin);
            tvContacts = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_contact);
            tvFind = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_find);
            tvMe = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_me);
    
            // 选择选中状态
            ivChat.setSelected(true);
            ivCurrent = ivChat; //保存当前选择的按钮
            tvChat.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#4CAF50"));
            tvCurrent = tvChat;
        }
    
        /**
         * 初始化
         * @getLifecycle()-->jetpack组件
         */
        private void initPager() {
            viewPager2 = (ViewPager2) findViewById(R.id.id_viewpage2);
            ArrayList<Fragment> fragments = new ArrayList<>();
            fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("微信"));
            fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("通讯录"));
            fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("发现"));
            fragments.add(BlankFragment.newInstance("我"));
            Log.e("TAG", "获取的fragment: " + fragments );
            MyFragmentPagerAdapter pagerAdapter = new MyFragmentPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager(),getLifecycle(),fragments);
            viewPager2.setAdapter(pagerAdapter);
            // viewPage2的一个滑动监听事件
            viewPager2.registerOnPageChangeCallback(new ViewPager2.OnPageChangeCallback() {
                @Override
                public void onPageScrolled(int position, float positionOffset, int positionOffsetPixels) {
                    super.onPageScrolled(position, positionOffset, positionOffsetPixels);
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onPageSelected(int position) {
                    super.onPageSelected(position);
                    changeTab(position);
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state) {
                    super.onPageScrollStateChanged(state);
                }
            });
        }
    
        /**
         * 设置选中的图片
         * @param position 下标
         */
        private void changeTab(int position) {
            ivCurrent.setSelected(false); // 将选中事件复位
            tvCurrent.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#807F7F"));
            switch (position){
                case R.id.id_tab_weixin:
                    viewPager2.setCurrentItem(0);
                case 0:
                    ivChat.setSelected(true);
                    tvChat.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#4CAF50"));
                    ivCurrent = ivChat;
                    tvCurrent = tvChat;
                    break;
                case R.id.id_tab_contact:
                    viewPager2.setCurrentItem(1);
                    Log.e("TAG", "点击到了: " + R.id.id_tab_contact );
                case 1:
                    ivContacts.setSelected(true);
                    tvContacts.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#4CAF50"));
                    ivCurrent = ivContacts;
                    tvCurrent = tvContacts;
                    break;
                case R.id.id_tab_find:
                    viewPager2.setCurrentItem(2);
                    //Log.e("TAG", "点击到了: " + R.id.id_tab_find );
                case 2:
                    ivFind.setSelected(true);
                    tvFind.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#4CAF50"));
                    ivCurrent = ivFind;
                    tvCurrent = tvFind;
                    break;
                case R.id.id_tab_me:
                    viewPager2.setCurrentItem(3);
                case 3:
                    ivMe.setSelected(true);
                    tvMe.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#4CAF50"));
                    ivCurrent = ivMe;
                    tvCurrent = tvMe;
                    break;
            }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            changeTab(view.getId());
        }
    }
    
  5. 实现效果:
    Android_第44张图片

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