使用Dubbo实现简单的RPC调用（Spring配置文件版）
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文章目录
- 更多文章和资源欢迎访问：[SuperCoder Blog](https://supercoder.com.cn)
- 前言
- 一、Dubbo架构
- 二、安装zookeeper
- 三、代码实战
-
- 1. 创建服务提供方
- 2. 创建服务消费方
- 四、服务调用
前言
Dubbo是阿里巴巴公司开源（已捐献给Apache）的高性能、轻量级的Java RPC框架。致力于提供高性能和透明化的RPC远程服务调用方案，以及SOA服务治理方案。
官网：Dubbo中文官网
一、Dubbo架构
二、安装zookeeper
下载地址：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/zookeeper/
上传到服务器
# mac 终端上传，可以使用其他工具
scp /Users/chaishuai/Downloads/apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz [email protected]:/usr/local/
解压并重命名
# 解压
tar -zxvf apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz
# 重命名
mv apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin zookeeper
修改配置文件
# 进入配置文件目录
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/
# 因为zookeeper配置文件要叫zoo.cfg，所以复制一份zoo_sample.cfg
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
# 切换到zookeeper目录下，创建zookeeper数据目录
cd /usr/local/zookeeper
mkdir data
# 修改zoo.cfg
vim zoo.cfg
# 修改dataDir=/tmp/zookeeper 为 /usr/local/zookeeper/data
启动zookeeper
# 进入bin目录
cd /usr/local/zookeeper/bin
# 启动zookeeper
./zkServer.sh start
# 查看状态
./zkServer.sh status
# 停止zookeeper
./zkServer.sh stop
注意：zookeeper启动默认会使用8080端口，如果启动后查看状态显示失败，检查8080端口是否被占用。如果被占用可根据实际情况修改。
三、代码实战
1. 创建服务提供方
创建maven web工程dubbo-provider，引入相关依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>cn.com.supercodergroupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-providerartifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
<packaging>warpackaging>
<name>dubbo-provider Maven Webappname>
<url>https://www.supercoder.com.cnurl>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8maven.compiler.target>
<dubbo.version>2.7.15dubbo.version>
<zookeeper.version>3.4.6zookeeper.version>
<spring.version>5.2.9.RELEASEspring.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.com.supercodergroupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-entityartifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.com.supercodergroupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-interfaceartifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbogroupId>
<artifactId>dubboartifactId>
<version>${dubbo.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeepergroupId>
<artifactId>zookeeperartifactId>
<version>${zookeeper.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curatorgroupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipesartifactId>
<version>4.2.0version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-webartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>dubbo-providerfinalName>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.mavengroupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-pluginartifactId>
<version>2.1version>
<configuration>
<port>9001port>
<path>/path>
configuration>
plugin>
plugins>
pluginManagement>
build>
project>
服务提供方要提供的方法
/**
* @desc UserService实现类
* @author supercoder
*/
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Override
public List<User> getUserList() {
// 此处模拟返回UserList
ArrayList<User> list = new ArrayList<>();
User userA = new User();
userA.setUuid(UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-",""));
userA.setAge("V1.0.0");
userA.setUsername("SuperCoderBlog");
userA.setAddress("https://www.supercoder.com.cn");
User userB = new User();
userB.setUuid(UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", ""));
userB.setAge("V1.0.0");
userB.setUsername("SuperCoderBbs");
userB.setAddress("https://bbs.supercoder.com.cn");
list.add(userA);
list.add(userB);
return list;
}
}
创建Spring配置文件并配置要暴露的服务
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
<dubbo:application name="dubbo-provider"/>
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:2181"/>
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20881"/>
<dubbo:service interface="cn.com.supercoder.service.UserService" ref="userService"/>
<bean id="userService" class="cn.com.supercoder.service.impl.UserServiceImpl"/>
beans>
在web.xml中配置监听器加载Spring配置文件
DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Applicationdisplay-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
<param-value>classpath:provider.xmlparam-value>
context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>
listener>
web-app>
2. 创建服务消费方
创建maven web工程dubbo-consumer，引入相关依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>cn.com.supercodergroupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-consumerartifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
<packaging>warpackaging>
<name>dubbo-consumer Maven Webappname>
<url>https://www.supercoder.com.cnurl>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8maven.compiler.target>
<dubbo.version>2.7.15dubbo.version>
<zookeeper.version>3.4.6zookeeper.version>
<spring.version>5.2.9.RELEASEspring.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.com.supercodergroupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-entityartifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.com.supercodergroupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-interfaceartifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbogroupId>
<artifactId>dubboartifactId>
<version>${dubbo.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeepergroupId>
<artifactId>zookeeperartifactId>
<version>${zookeeper.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curatorgroupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipesartifactId>
<version>4.2.0version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>dubbo-consumerfinalName>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.mavengroupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-pluginartifactId>
<version>2.1version>
<configuration>
<port>7001port>
<path>/path>
configuration>
plugin>
plugins>
pluginManagement>
build>
project>
创建Service调用服务提供方提供的UserService服务
/**
* @author supercoder
*/
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Override
public List<User> getUserList() {
return userService.getUserList();
}
}
创建Controller调用Service实现业务调用
/**
* @author supercoder
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/order")
public class OrderController {
@Autowired
private OrderService orderService;
@RequestMapping("/getAll")
@ResponseBody
public List<User> getUserList(){
List<User> userList = orderService.getUserList();
return userList;
}
}
创建Spring配置文件引用服务
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<dubbo:application name="dubbo-consumer"/>
<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://123.56.85.35:2181"/>
<dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="cn.com.supercoder.service.UserService"/>
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.com.supercoder.service"/>
beans>
创建SpringMVC配置文件
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.com.supercoder.controller"/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
beans>
在web.xml中配置加载Spring和SpringMVC配置文件
DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Applicationdisplay-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
<param-value>classpath:consumer.xmlparam-value>
context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>
listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServletservlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xmlparam-value>
init-param>
<load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>
servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServletservlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
servlet-mapping>
web-app>
四、服务调用
完成服务提供方和消费方的创建后，启动两个工程，测试调用。
注意事项
- zookeeper服务正常启动
- 因为服务调用结果需要序列化后通过网络传输，所以实体类必须实现Serializable接口
- 实体类模块和接口模块的代码比较简单，本文省略，需要自行创建
访问 http://localhost:7001/order/getAll 测试
测试结果：
至此，一个通过Spring配置文件方式实现的Dubbo RPC调用demo就完成了。