redis配置mysql缓存_Redis做mysql的缓存服务器

一redis简介：redis 是一个高性能的 key-value 数据库。 redis 的出现,很大程度补偿了memcached 这类 keyvalue 存储的不足,在部分场合可以对关系数据库起到很好的补充作用。它提供了 Python,Ruby,Erlang,PHP 客户端,使用很方便。Redis 的所有数据都是保存在内存中,然后不定期的通过异步方式保存到磁盘上(这称为“半持久化模式”);也可以把每一次数据变化都写入到一个appendonly file(aof)里面(这称为“全持久化模式”)。

二主机环境 rhel6.5 selinx and iptales disabled

1. Redis 安装

实验环境   172.25.254.2    vm2.example.com   上

首先得到    zxf redis-3.0.2.tar.gz

tar zxf redis-3.0.2.tar.gz

cd redis-3.0.2

make && make install

1.1. 配置并启动服务

cd utils/

./install_server.sh              这里一路回车都使用的默认

点击(此处)折叠或打开

[root@vm2 utils]# ./install_server.sh

Welcome to the redis service installer

This script will help you easily set up a running redis server

Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379]

Selecting default: 6379

Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf]

Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.conf

Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log]

Selected default - /var/log/redis_6379.log

Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379]

Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6379

Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/bin/redis-server]

Selected config:

Port : 6379

Config file : /etc/redis/6379.conf

Log file : /var/log/redis_6379.log

Data dir : /var/lib/redis/6379

Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-server

Cli Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-cli

Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.

Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379

Installing service...

Successfully added to chkconfig!

Successfully added to runlevels 345!

Starting Redis server...

Installation successful!

1.2简单测试，如下就证明成功

点击(此处)折叠或打开

[root@vm2 utils]# redis-cli

127.0.0.1:6379> ping

PONG

2 安装lnmp架构2.1 安装以下软件包

点击(此处)折叠或打开

[root@vm2 lnmp]# ls

nginx-1.8.0-1.el6.ngx.x86_64.rpm php-fpm-5.3.3-38.el6.x86_64.rpm

php-5.3.3-38.el6.x86_64.rpm php-gd-5.3.3-38.el6.x86_64.rpm

php-cli-5.3.3-38.el6.x86_64.rpm php-mbstring-5.3.3-38.el6.x86_64.rpm

php-common-5.3.3-38.el6.x86_64.rpm php-mysql-5.3.3-38.el6.x86_64.rpm

php-devel-5.3.3-38.el6.x86_64.rpm php-pdo-5.3.3-38.el6.x86_64.rpm

[root@vm2 lnmp]# yum install -y *

2.2安装 php 的 redis 扩展

首先得到    phpredis-master.zip

unzip  phpredis-master.zip

cd  phpredis-master

phpize

./configure

make  &&  make  install

cd /etc/php.d/

cp mysql.ini  redis.ini

vim /etc/php.ini                     #添加以下行

extension=redis.so               #加载 redis 模块

点击(此处)折叠或打开

[root@vm2 php.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start

Starting php-fpm: [ OK ]

2.3简单配置 nginx

vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

location / {

root   /usr/share/nginx/html;

index   index.php  index.html index.htm;

}

location ~ \.php$ {

root           /usr/share/nginx/html;

fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index  index.php;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;

include        fastcgi_params;

}

启动 nginx

点击(此处)折叠或打开

[root@vm2 php.d]# nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@vm2 php.d]# nginx

[root@vm2 php.d]# netstat -antlpe| grep nginx

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 14520 6352/nginx

vim   /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf     将这个配置文件中user和group改为nginx  默认是apache

user = nginx

group = nginx

/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

点击(此处)折叠或打开

[root@vm2 php.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

Stopping php-fpm: [ OK ]

Starting php-fpm: [ OK ]

3 在另一台虚拟机上安装mysql

实验环境   172.25.254.3    vm3.example.com   上

yum  install  -y  mysql-server

点击(此处)折叠或打开

[root@vm3 mnt]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.1.71 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> grant all on test.* to redis@'172.25.254.2' identified by 'redhat';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

编写如下代码

点击(此处)折叠或打开

[root@vm3 mnt]# cat test.sql

use test;

CREATE TABLE `test` (`id` int(7) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` char(8) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `test` VALUES (1,'test1'),(2,'test2'),(3,'test3'),(4,'test4'),(5,'test5'),(6,'test6'),(7,'test7'),(8,'test8'),(9,'test9');

[root@vm3 mnt]# mysql < test.sql

4创建 php 测试页面在172.25.254.2上面进入nginx默认发布目录

cd     /usr/share/nginx/html

vim  test.php

点击(此处)折叠或打开

$redis = new Redis();

$redis->connect('127.0.0.1',6379) or die ("could net connect redis server");

# $query = "select * from test limit 9";

$query = "select * from test";

for ($key = 1; $key < 10; $key++)

{

if (!$redis->get($key))

{

$connect = mysql_connect('172.25.254.3','redis','redhat');

mysql_select_db(test);

$result = mysql_query($query);

//如果没有找到$key,就将该查询sql的结果缓存到redis

while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result))

{

$redis->set($row['id'],$row['name']);

}

$myserver = 'mysql';

break;

}

else

{

$myserver = "redis";

$data[$key] = $redis->get($key);

}

}

echo $myserver;

echo "

";

for ($key = 1; $key < 10; $key++)

{

echo "number is $key";

echo "

";

echo "name is $data[$key]";

echo "

";

}

?>然后在浏览器进行测试，这时候我们已经实现了 redis 作为 mysql 的缓存服务器,但是如果更新了 mysql,redis

中仍然会有对应的 KEY,数据就不会更新,此时就会出现 mysql 和 redis 数据不一致的情

况。所以接下来就要通过 mysql 触发器将改变的数据同步到 redis 中。

5，配置 gearman 实现数据同步

1. 安装 gearman 软件包:

gearmand libgearman-devel libgearman libevent libevent-devel

libevent-doc libevent-headers tokyocabinet

2,启动服务

点击(此处)折叠或打开

[root@vm2 html]# /etc/init.d/gearmand start

Starting gearmand: [ OK ]

3.安装 php 的 gearman 扩展

https://pecl.php.net

yum install -y db*-devel

tar zxf gearman-1.1.2.tgz

cd gearman-1.1.2

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config

make && make install

# vim /etc/php.ini

extension=gearman.so

/etc/init.d/php-fpm  restart

点击(此处)折叠或打开

[root@vm2 html]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart

Stopping php-fpm: [ OK ]

Starting php-fpm: [ OK ]

4. 安装 lib_mysqludf_json

lib_mysqludf_json UDF 库函数将关系数据映射为 JSON 格式。通常,数据库中的数据映

射为 JSON 格式,是通过程序来转换的。

https://github.com/mysqludf/lib_mysqludf_json

yum install -y mysql-devel# unzip lib_mysqludf_json-master.zip

cd lib_mysqludf_json-master

gcc $(mysql_config --cflags) -shared -fPIC -o lib_mysqludf_json.so

lib_mysqludf_json.c

查看 mysql 的模块目录:

5. 安装 gearman-mysql-udf

这个插件是用来管理调用 Gearman 的分布式的队列。

https://launchpad.net/gearman-mysql-udf

tar zxf gearman-mysql-udf-0.6.tar.gz

cd gearman-mysql-udf-0.6

./configure --with-mysql=/usr/bin/mysql_config

--libdir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/

make# make install

拷贝 lib_mysqludf_json.so 模块:

cp lib_mysqludf_json.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/

注册 UDF 函数

点击(此处)折叠或打开

mysql> CREATE FUNCTION json_object RETURNS STRING SONAME

'lib_mysqludf_json.so';

mysql> CREATE FUNCTION gman_do_background RETURNS STRING SONAME

'libgearman_mysql_udf.so';

mysql> CREATE FUNCTION gman_servers_set RETURNS STRING SONAME

'libgearman_mysql_udf.so';

查看函数

指定 gearman 的服务信息

6. 编写 mysql 触发器(根据实际情况编写)

点击(此处)折叠或打开

vim test.sql

use test;

DELIMITER $$

CREATE TRIGGER datatoredis AFTER UPDATE ON test FOR EACH ROW BEGIN

SET @RECV=gman_do_background('syncToRedis', json_object(NEW.id as

`id`, NEW.name as `name`));

END$$

DELIMITER ;

查看触发器

7. 编写 gearman 的 worker 端

点击(此处)折叠或打开

vim worker.php

$worker = new GearmanWorker();

$worker->addServer();

$worker->addFunction('syncToRedis', 'syncToRedis');

$redis = new Redis();

$redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);

while($worker->work());

function syncToRedis($job)

{

global $redis;

$workString = $job->workload();

$work = json_decode($workString);

if(!isset($work->id)){

return false;

}

$redis->set($work->id, $work->name); #这条语句就是将 id 作 KEY 和

name 作 VALUE 分开存储,需要和前面写的 php 测试代码的存取一致。

}

?>

后台运行 worker

nohup php worker.php &

然后在3上更新数据库

然后再浏览器中进行测试