SpringBoot多数据源配置

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| 微信公众号:1024笔记

本文大约6171字,预计阅读时长16分钟

前言

在实际的开发或者线上环境中,一般都不仅仅是一个数据库走天下,而是根据业务进行拆分多个数据库,今天就来学习如何对springboot进行多数据源配置。

本文的工程基础是之前的项目工程,具体可以参考SpringBoot整合Redis使用教程。项目源码最后也会同步只github。地址在最后,欢迎下载star!

正文

数据库

首先准备下数据库:这里有两个数据库,一个是test数据库,里面有个user表,数据如下:

/*
Source Server         : testdb
Source Host           : localhost:3306
Source Database       : test
Target Server Type    : MYSQL
Date: 2021-12-09 10:51:21
*/
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
  `email` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',
  `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',
  `username` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `email` (`email`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('1', '[email protected]', '123456', '李青');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('2', '[email protected]', '234567', '刀妹');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('3', '[email protected]', '345678', '亚索');

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接着有个spring_cache数据库,并且里面有个department表,数据如下:

/*
Source Server         : testdb
Source Server Version : 50527
Source Host           : localhost:3306
Source Database       : spring_cache
Date: 2021-12-09 11:32:16
*/

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `department`;
CREATE TABLE `department` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `departmentName` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of department
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES ('1', '中路部门');
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES ('2', '打野部门');
INSERT INTO `department` VALUES ('3', '上路部门');
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代码

首先需要在application.yml配置文件中配置两个数据源配置,分别为db1,b2,具体配置如下:

spring:
  application:
    name: share
  datasource:
    dynamic:
      primary: db1 # 配置默认数据库
    db1:
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=Asia/Chongqing&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&characterSetResults=utf8&useSSL=false&verifyServerCertificate=false&autoReconnct=true&autoReconnectForPools=true&allowMultiQueries=true
      username: root
      password: jiang
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    db2:
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_cache?serverTimezone=Asia/Chongqing&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&characterSetResults=utf8&useSSL=false&verifyServerCertificate=false&autoReconnct=true&autoReconnectForPools=true&allowMultiQueries=true
      username: root
      password: jiang
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
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因为这里采用的是之前工程的代码,所以关于另一个数据源相关的代码这里不贴了,这里主要写新增数据源的代码逻辑,之前的可以的参考之前的文章,或者github下载源码,地址贴在最后。

在bean文件夹下声明一个department实体类,如下:

public class Department {
    public Integer id;
    public String departmentName;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getDepartmentName() {
        return departmentName;
    }

    public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
        this.departmentName = departmentName;
    }

    public Department(Integer id, String departmentName) {
        this.id = id;
        this.departmentName = departmentName;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Department{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", departmentName='" + departmentName + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
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然后新增一个dao文件:

public interface DepartmentDao {
    /**
     * 根据查询数据
     *
     */
    @Select("select id,departmentName from department where id=#{id}")
    Department findById(@Param("id") int id);
}
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service和serviceimpl如下:

public interface DepartmentService {
    //根据id查询部门
    Department findByID(int id);
}
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@Service
public class DepartmentServiceImpl implements DepartmentService {
    @Autowired
    DepartmentDao departmentDao;
    @Override
    public Department findByID(int id) {
        return departmentDao.findById(id);
    }
}
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然后就是controller:

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/do/department")
public class DepartmentController {
    @Autowired
    DepartmentService departmentService;

    //根据用户名查询数据
    @RequestMapping(value = "/dep", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public Department department(@RequestParam(value = "id",required = true) int id){
        return departmentService.findByID(id);
    }
}
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最后写一个关于数据源的配置文件,具体如下:

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.springboot.springbootdemo.dao.db1",sqlSessionFactoryRef = "db1SqlSessionFactory")
public class DB1DataSourceConfig {
    static final String MAPPER_LOCATION = "classpath:/mapping/db1/*.xml";

    @Bean("db1DataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.db1")
    public DataSource getDb1DataSource(){
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean("db1SqlSessionFactory")
    public SqlSessionFactory db1SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("db1DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
        bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(MAPPER_LOCATION));
        return bean.getObject();
    }
    @Bean("db1SqlSessionTemplate")
    public SqlSessionTemplate db1SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("db1SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory){
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }
}
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@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages ="com.springboot.springbootdemo.dao.db2",sqlSessionFactoryRef = "db2SqlSessionFactory")
public class DB2DataSourceConfig {
    static final String MAPPER_LOCATION = "classpath:/mapping/db2/*.xml";

    @Bean("db2DataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.db2")
    public DataSource getDb1DataSource(){
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean("db2SqlSessionFactory")
    public SqlSessionFactory db1SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("db2DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
        bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources(MAPPER_LOCATION));
        return bean.getObject();
    }

    @Bean("db2SqlSessionTemplate")
    public SqlSessionTemplate db1SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("db2SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory){
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }
}
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测试

以上步骤完毕之后进行测试,启动项目成功之后,首先在地址栏输入:

http://localhost:8081/share/do/user/userAll
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查询db1数据库的数据,结果如下:

图片

接着查询db2数据库的数据,地址栏输入:

http://localhost:8081/share/do/department/dep?id=1
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结果如下:

图片

可见通过以上配置,能够实现springboot的多数据源配置效果。

总结

springboot配置多数据源其实很简单,首先在application配置文件中配置多个数据源的配置,然后有几个数据源就写几个数据源的配置类即可。本项目的工程结构如下:

SpringBoot多数据源配置_第1张图片

最后resource文件夹下的mapping文件下的*.Mapper.xml,可以没有具体的逻辑,但是结构文件得有,不然会报错。在数据源的配置类中的MAPPER_LOCATION有使用到!

如有任何问题或者不对的地方欢迎一起交流讨论学习!

本项目源码在:

github.com/JiangXia-10…

欢迎下载、Star!

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