C#WinForm国际化的简单实现

C#WinForm国际化的简单实现

软件行业发展到今天，国际化问题一直都占据非常重要的位置，而且应该越来越被重视。对于开发人员而言，在编写程序之前，国际化问题是首先要考虑的一个问题，也许有时候这个问题已经在设计者的考虑范围之内，但终归要开发人员去做实现的。因此，如何实现国际化，是开发人员必须掌握的一项基本技能。
    今天，这里要讲的就是，在利用C#进行WinForm开发时，国际化是怎么实现的。鉴于时间及篇幅关系，这里仅仅介绍一种简单的国际化实现方法，可能这里提到的方法已经有非常多人提到过，但笔者还是不厌其烦地介绍一下。
    要在C#中实现国际化，需要相关资源文件，比如要在一个软件中支持英文、中文两种语言，那么就必须有这两种语言的资源文件，这在C#中可以采用资源文件（后缀名为.resx）来实现，我们不妨定义英文资源文件名称为Resource.en-US，中文资源文件名称为Resource.zh-CN，两种资源文件所涉及的ID都应该是一样的（这对于其他更多的资源文件均是一样的），只不过是展示的名称不同罢了。
    有了这两种资源文件，接下来就要考虑如何做的问题了。为了适应多处使用的情形，这里笔者单独编写了一个类ResourceCulture，该类包含了一些静态方法，主要作用是用来设置当前语言及返回当前的语言的相关字符串。该类代码如下：

using System.Reflection;
using System.Resources;
using System.Threading;
using System.Globalization;

namespace GlobalizationTest
{
    class ResourceCulture
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Set current culture by name
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">name</param>
        public static void SetCurrentCulture(string name)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
            {
                name = "en-US";
            }

            Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo(name);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Get string by id
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id">id</param>
        /// <returns>current language string</returns>
        public static string GetString(string id)
        {
            string strCurLanguage = "";

            try
            {
                ResourceManager rm = new ResourceManager("GlobalizationTest.Resource", Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
                CultureInfo ci = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
                strCurLanguage = rm.GetString(id, ci);
            }
            catch
            {
                strCurLanguage = "No id:" + id + ", please add.";
            }

            return strCurLanguage;
        }
    }
}

using System.Reflection; using System.Resources; using System.Threading; using System.Globalization; namespace GlobalizationTest { class ResourceCulture { /// <summary> /// Set current culture by name /// </summary> /// <param name="name">name</param> public static void SetCurrentCulture(string name) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) { name = "en-US"; } Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new CultureInfo(name); } /// <summary> /// Get string by id /// </summary> /// <param name="id">id</param> /// <returns>current language string</returns> public static string GetString(string id) { string strCurLanguage = ""; try { ResourceManager rm = new ResourceManager("GlobalizationTest.Resource", Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()); CultureInfo ci = Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture; strCurLanguage = rm.GetString(id, ci); } catch { strCurLanguage = "No id:" + id + ", please add."; } return strCurLanguage; } } }

在Form1中的代码如下：

/**
 * This project is just a example to show how to do the globalization in C# winform.
 * You and rebuild and/or modify it by yourself if you want.
 * Specially, this project was created in Visual Studio 2010.
 *
 * Project Name : GlobalizationTest
 * Create Date  : April 29th, 2010
 * */

using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace GlobalizationTest
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Set the resource culture
        /// </summary>
        private void SetResourceCulture()
        {
            // Set the form title text
            this.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_frmText");

            // Set the groupbox text
            this.gbLanguageView.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_gbLanguageViewText");
            this.gbLanguageSelection.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_gbLanguageSelectionText");

            // Set the label text
            this.lblCurLanguageText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblCurLanguageText");
            this.lblNameText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblNameText");
            this.lblPhoneText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblPhoneText");

            // Set the button text
            this.btnMsgShow.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_btnMsgShowText");

            // Set radiobutton text
            this.rbEnglish.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_EnglishText");
            this.rbChinese.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_ChineseText");

            // Set the current language text
            if (rbEnglish.Checked)
            {
                this.lblCurLanguage.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_EnglishText");
            }
            else if (rbChinese.Checked)
            {
                this.lblCurLanguage.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_ChineseText");
            }
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // Set the default language
            ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("en-US");

            this.SetResourceCulture();
        }

        private void btnMsgShow_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtName.Text))
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_nameText"), ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"),
                    MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);
                return;
            }

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtPhone.Text))
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_phoneText"), ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"),
                    MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);
                return;
            }

            MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_InfoText") + txtName.Text + ", " + txtPhone.Text,
                ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"), MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
        }

        private void rbEnglish_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("en-US");
            this.SetResourceCulture();
        }

        private void rbChinese_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("zh-CN");
            this.SetResourceCulture();
        }
    }
}

/** * This project is just a example to show how to do the globalization in C# winform. * You and rebuild and/or modify it by yourself if you want. * Specially, this project was created in Visual Studio 2010. * * Project Name : GlobalizationTest * Create Date : April 29th, 2010 * */ using System; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace GlobalizationTest { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } /// <summary> /// Set the resource culture /// </summary> private void SetResourceCulture() { // Set the form title text this.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_frmText"); // Set the groupbox text this.gbLanguageView.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_gbLanguageViewText"); this.gbLanguageSelection.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_gbLanguageSelectionText"); // Set the label text this.lblCurLanguageText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblCurLanguageText"); this.lblNameText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblNameText"); this.lblPhoneText.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_lblPhoneText"); // Set the button text this.btnMsgShow.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_btnMsgShowText"); // Set radiobutton text this.rbEnglish.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_EnglishText"); this.rbChinese.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_ChineseText"); // Set the current language text if (rbEnglish.Checked) { this.lblCurLanguage.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_EnglishText"); } else if (rbChinese.Checked) { this.lblCurLanguage.Text = ResourceCulture.GetString("Language_ChineseText"); } } private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Set the default language ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("en-US"); this.SetResourceCulture(); } private void btnMsgShow_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtName.Text)) { MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_nameText"), ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"), MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation); return; } if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(txtPhone.Text)) { MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_phoneText"), ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"), MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation); return; } MessageBox.Show(ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_InfoText") + txtName.Text + ", " + txtPhone.Text, ResourceCulture.GetString("Form1_msgbox_TitleText"), MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information); } private void rbEnglish_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("en-US"); this.SetResourceCulture(); } private void rbChinese_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { ResourceCulture.SetCurrentCulture("zh-CN"); this.SetResourceCulture(); } } }

最终的效果如下图1和图2所示：

图1

图2

    归结起来，要在C#的WinForm中实现国际化，至少需要做好以下几点：
（1）准备所需资源文件（如本文中提到的英文和中文资源文件）；
（2）引入命名空间（包括：System.Reflection、System.Resources、System.Threading和System.Globalization）；
（3）实例化资源管理器（即ResourceManager）；
（4）设置当前进程的语言区域；
（5）通过资源管理器从指定的资源文件中获取所需值。
    通过上述的方法即可简单实现国际化。