17. 电话号码的字母组合

给定一个仅包含数字 2-9 的字符串，返回所有它能表示的字母组合。答案可以按任意顺序返回。
给出数字到字母的映射如下（与电话按键相同）。注意 1 不对应任何字母。

('2', "abc");
('3', "def");
('4', "ghi");
('5', "jkl");
('6', "mno");
('7', "pqrs");
('8', "tuv");
('9', "wxyz");

public List<String> letterCombinations(String digits) {
        List<String> combinations = new ArrayList<>();
        if (digits.length() == 0) {
            return combinations;
        }
        Map<Character, String> phoneMap = new HashMap<>();
        phoneMap.put('2', "abc");
        phoneMap.put('3', "def");
        phoneMap.put('4', "ghi");
        phoneMap.put('5', "jkl");
        phoneMap.put('6', "mno");
        phoneMap.put('7', "pqrs");
        phoneMap.put('8', "tuv");
        phoneMap.put('9', "wxyz");
        backtrack(combinations, phoneMap, digits, 0, new StringBuffer());
        return combinations;
    }

    public void backtrack(List<String> combinations, Map<Character, String> phoneMap, String digits, int index, StringBuffer combination) {
        if (index == digits.length()) {
            combinations.add(combination.toString());
        } else {
            char digit = digits.charAt(index);
            String letters = phoneMap.get(digit);
            int letterCount = letters.length();
            for (int i = 0; i < letterCount; i++) {
                combination.append(letters.charAt(i));
                backtrack(combinations, phoneMap, digits, index + 1, combination);
                combination.deleteCharAt(index);
            }
        }
    }