在C#.Net中如何操作XML
需要添加的命名空间:
1
using
System.Xml;
定义几个公共对象:
Code
XmlDocument xmldoc ;
XmlNode xmlnode ;
XmlElement xmlelem ;
1,创建到服务器同名目录下的xml文件:
方法一:
Code
1 xmldoc = new XmlDocument ( ) ;
2 //加入XML的声明段落
3 xmlnode = xmldoc.CreateNode ( XmlNodeType.XmlDeclaration , "" , "" ) ;
4 xmldoc.AppendChild ( xmlnode ) ;
5 //加入一个根元素
6 xmlelem = xmldoc.CreateElement ( "" , "Employees" , "" ) ;
7 xmldoc.AppendChild ( xmlelem ) ;
8 //加入另外一个元素
9 for(int i=1;i<3;i )
10 {
11
12 XmlNode root=xmldoc.SelectSingleNode("Employees");//查找<Employees>
13 XmlElement xe1=xmldoc.CreateElement("Node");//创建一个<Node>节点
14 xe1.SetAttribute("genre","李赞红");//设置该节点genre属性
15 xe1.SetAttribute("ISBN","2-3631-4");//设置该节点ISBN属性
16
17 XmlElement xesub1=xmldoc.CreateElement("title");
18 xesub1.InnerText="CS从入门到精通";//设置文本节点
19 xe1.AppendChild(xesub1);//添加到<Node>节点中
20 XmlElement xesub2=xmldoc.CreateElement("author");
21 xesub2.InnerText="候捷";
22 xe1.AppendChild(xesub2);
23 XmlElement xesub3=xmldoc.CreateElement("price");
24 xesub3.InnerText="58.3";
25 xe1.AppendChild(xesub3);
26
27 root.AppendChild(xe1);//添加到<Employees>节点中
28 }
29 //保存创建好的XML文档
30 xmldoc.Save ( Server.MapPath("data.xml") ) ;
31
32 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
33
34
结果:在同名目录下生成了名为data.xml的文件,内容如下,
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
方法二:
1
XmlTextWriter xmlWriter;
2
string
strFilename
=
Server.MapPath(
"
data1.xml
"
) ;
3
4
xmlWriter
=
new
XmlTextWriter(strFilename,Encoding.Default);
//
创建一个xml文档
5
xmlWriter.Formatting
=
Formatting.Indented;
6
xmlWriter.WriteStartDocument();
7
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
"
Employees
"
);
8
9
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
"
Node
"
);
10
xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString(
"
genre
"
,
"
李赞红
"
);
11
xmlWriter.WriteAttributeString(
"
ISBN
"
,
"
2-3631-4
"
);
12
13
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
"
title
"
);
14
xmlWriter.WriteString(
"
CS从入门到精通
"
);
15
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
16
17
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
"
author
"
);
18
xmlWriter.WriteString(
"
候捷
"
);
19
20
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
21
22
xmlWriter.WriteStartElement(
"
price
"
);
23
xmlWriter.WriteString(
"
58.3
"
);
24
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
25
26
xmlWriter.WriteEndElement();
27
28
xmlWriter.Close();
29
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
30
31
结果:
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
2.添加一个结点:
XmlDocument xmlDoc
=
new
XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load(Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
));
XmlNode root
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
);
//
查找<Employees>
XmlElement xe1
=
xmlDoc.CreateElement(
"
Node
"
);
//
创建一个<Node>节点
xe1.SetAttribute(
"
genre
"
,
"
张三
"
);
//
设置该节点genre属性
xe1.SetAttribute(
"
ISBN
"
,
"
1-1111-1
"
);
//
设置该节点ISBN属性
XmlElement xesub1
=
xmlDoc.CreateElement(
"
title
"
);
xesub1.InnerText
=
"
C#入门帮助
"
;
//
设置文本节点
xe1.AppendChild(xesub1);
//
添加到<Node>节点中
XmlElement xesub2
=
xmlDoc.CreateElement(
"
author
"
);
xesub2.InnerText
=
"
高手
"
;
xe1.AppendChild(xesub2);
XmlElement xesub3
=
xmlDoc.CreateElement(
"
price
"
);
xesub3.InnerText
=
"
158.3
"
;
xe1.AppendChild(xesub3);
root.AppendChild(xe1);
//
添加到<Employees>节点中
xmlDoc.Save ( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
结果:在xml原有的内容里添加了一个结点,内容如下,
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="张三"
ISBN
="1-1111-1"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
高手
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
3,修改结点的值(属性和子结点):
XmlDocument xmlDoc
=
new
XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
XmlNodeList nodeList
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
).ChildNodes;
//
获取Employees节点的所有子节点
foreach
(XmlNode xn
in
nodeList)
//
遍历所有子节点
{
XmlElement xe
=
(XmlElement)xn;
//
将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型
if
(xe.GetAttribute(
"
genre
"
)
==
"
张三
"
)
//
如果genre属性值为“张三”
{
xe.SetAttribute(
"
genre
"
,
"
update张三
"
);
//
则修改该属性为“update张三”
XmlNodeList nls
=
xe.ChildNodes;
//
继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点
foreach
(XmlNode xn1
in
nls)
//
遍历
{
XmlElement xe2
=
(XmlElement)xn1;
//
转换类型
if
(xe2.Name
==
"
author
"
)
//
如果找到
{
xe2.InnerText
=
"
亚胜
"
;
//
则修改
}
}
}
}
xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
//
保存。
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
结果:将原来的所有结点的信息都修改了,xml的内容如下,
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="update张三"
ISBN
="1-1111-1"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
亚胜
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
4,修改结点(添加结点的属性和添加结点的自结点):
XmlDocument xmlDoc
=
new
XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
XmlNodeList nodeList
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
).ChildNodes;
//
获取Employees节点的所有子节点
foreach
(XmlNode xn
in
nodeList)
{
XmlElement xe
=
(XmlElement)xn;
xe.SetAttribute(
"
test
"
,
"
111111
"
);
XmlElement xesub
=
xmlDoc.CreateElement(
"
flag
"
);
xesub.InnerText
=
"
1
"
;
xe.AppendChild(xesub);
}
xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
结果:每个结点的属性都添加了一个,子结点也添加了一个,内容如下,
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
<
flag
>
1
</
flag
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
<
flag
>
1
</
flag
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="update张三"
ISBN
="1-1111-1"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
亚胜
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
<
flag
>
1
</
flag
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
5,删除结点中的某一个属性:
XmlDocument xmlDoc
=
new
XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
XmlNodeList xnl
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
).ChildNodes;
foreach
(XmlNode xn
in
xnl)
{
XmlElement xe
=
(XmlElement)xn;
xe.RemoveAttribute(
"
genre
"
);
//
删除genre属性
XmlNodeList nls
=
xe.ChildNodes;
//
继续获取xe子节点的所有子节点
foreach
(XmlNode xn1
in
nls)
//
遍历
{
XmlElement xe2
=
(XmlElement)xn1;
//
转换类型
if
(xe2.Name
==
"
flag
"
)
//
如果找到
{
xe.RemoveChild(xe2);
//
则删除
}
}
}
xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////]
结果:删除了结点的一个属性和结点的一个子结点,内容如下,
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
ISBN
="1-1111-1"
test
="111111"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
亚胜
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
6,删除结点:
XmlDocument xmlDoc
=
new
XmlDocument();
xmlDoc.Load( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
XmlNode root
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
);
XmlNodeList xnl
=
xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(
"
Employees
"
).ChildNodes;
for
(
int
i
=
0
;i
<
xnl.Count;i )
{
XmlElement xe
=
(XmlElement)xnl.Item(i);
if
(xe.GetAttribute(
"
genre
"
)
==
"
张三
"
)
{
root.RemoveChild(xe);
if
(i
<
xnl.Count)i
=
i
-
1
;
}
}
xmlDoc.Save( Server.MapPath(
"
data.xml
"
) );
结果:删除了符合条件的所有结点,原来的内容:
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="张三"
ISBN
="1-1111-1"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
高手
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="张三"
ISBN
="1-1111-1"
>
<
title
>
C#入门帮助
</
title
>
<
author
>
高手
</
author
>
<
price
>
158.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>
//删除后的内容:
<?
xml version="1.0"
?>
<
Employees
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
<
Node
genre
="李赞红"
ISBN
="2-3631-4"
>
<
title
>
CS从入门到精通
</
title
>
<
author
>
候捷
</
author
>
<
price
>
58.3
</
price
>
</
Node
>
</
Employees
>