Root WebApplicationContext容器初始化和关闭
概述
Root WebApplicationContext的初始化是基于我们配置的ContextLoaderListener,通过ContextLoaderListener实现了ServletContextListener监听Web容器启动触发contextInitialized
方法,然后调用ContextLoader的initWebApplicationContext
进行初始化。initWebApplicationContext
关键步骤如下:
- 获取Root WebApplicationContext的Class类型,通过反射进行初始化
- 配置和刷新Root WebApplicationContext
- 将Root WebApplicationContext存储在ServletContext里面,用于下面的Servlet WebApplicationContext的父上下文。
ContextLoaderListener类的UML
- ContextLoader :该类主要的功能通过调用
initWebApplicationContext
方法用来初始化Root WebApplicationContext - ServletContextListener :改接口是Servlet暴露出来的用于监听容器启动之后执行方法的监听器
- ContextLoaderListener:该类主要是ContextLoader和ServletContextListener的集成。所以从总体上看该类没有很多实际的功能,但是这样设计更加符合单一职责原则,逻辑更加的清晰,初始化和监听容器初始化进行分开。
整体流程
- 在web.xml配置的ContextLoaderListener实现了ServletContextListener接口,监听容器启动触发事件ServletContextEvent,触发ServletContextListener的
contextInitialized
方法调用ContextLoader的initWebApplicationContext
进行初始化 initWebApplicationContext
方法主要包含以下两部分进行Root WebApplicationContext容器的初始化- 调用ContextLoader的
createWebApplicationContext
方法,使用配置或者默认全类名使用反射进行创建Root WebApplicationContext上下文 - 调用ContextLoader的
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext
进行配置Root WebApplicationContext上下文,并进行启动容器(也就是ConfigurableApplicationContext的refresh
方法)
- 调用ContextLoader的
- 将Root WebApplicationContext存储在ServletContext用于Servlet WebApplicationContext父上下文
分步解释
容器启动,ContextLoaderListener监听
ServletContextEvent
事件,调用ServletContextListener的contextInitialized
方法进行初始化//org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
}调用ContextLoader的
initWebApplicationContext
进一步初始化- 首先进行容器的初始化
- 然后进行容器的配置和刷新
- 最后将容器存在ServletContext
//org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader
public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
if (servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT\_WEB\_APPLICATION\_CONTEXT\_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - " +
"check whether you have multiple ContextLoader\* definitions in your web.xml!");
}
servletContext.log("Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext");
Log logger \= LogFactory.getLog(ContextLoader.class);
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");
}
long startTime \= System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
// Store context in local instance variable, to guarantee that
// it is available on ServletContext shutdown.
if (this.context \== null) {
//这里有两种情况
//1. 根据servletContext获取配置文件的contextClass获取全限定名使用个反射进行初始化
//2. 根据defaultStrategies配置文件默认的WebApplicationContext获取全限定名进行初始化
this.context \= createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
}
if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac \= (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) this.context;
// 如果没有进行配置和激活,进行配置和激活
if (!cwac.isActive()) {
// The context has not yet been refreshed -> provide services such as
// setting the parent context, setting the application context id, etc
if (cwac.getParent() \== null) {
// The context instance was injected without an explicit parent ->
// determine parent for root web application context, if any.
ApplicationContext parent \= loadParentContext(servletContext);
cwac.setParent(parent);
}
//配置和激活上下文
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);
}
}
// 将RootWebApplicationContext存储在servletContext中
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT\_WEB\_APPLICATION\_CONTEXT\_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);
ClassLoader ccl \= Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
if (ccl \== ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
currentContext \= this.context;
}
else if (ccl != null) {
currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);
}
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
long elapsedTime \= System.currentTimeMillis() \- startTime;
logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext initialized in " + elapsedTime + " ms");
}
return this.context;
}
catch (RuntimeException | Error ex) {
logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT\_WEB\_APPLICATION\_CONTEXT\_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
throw ex;
}
}
ContextLoader的
createWebApplicationContext
方法,进行初始化WebApplicationContext- 先获取容器的Class 类
- 确定完Class类,通过反射进行初始化
//org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader
protected WebApplicationContext createWebApplicationContext(ServletContext sc) {
// 获取RootWebApplicationContext的全类名
Class> contextClass \= determineContextClass(sc);
if (!ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.isAssignableFrom(contextClass)) {
throw new ApplicationContextException("Custom context class \[" + contextClass.getName() +
"\] is not of type \[" + ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.getName() + "\]");
}
// 使用反射进行初始化
return (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass);
}
ContextLoader的
determineContextClass
的方法,确定WebApplicationContext的Class- 先判断web.xml配置文件是否配置了
CONTEXT_CLASS_PARAM
,获取全类名然后获取Class类 - 如果web.xml没有配置,则从默认配置文件
ContextLoader.properties
里面获取全类名然后获取Class 类
- 先判断web.xml配置文件是否配置了
//org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader
protected Class> determineContextClass(ServletContext servletContext) {
// 从初始化参数获取,我们的配置文件一般很少配置,一般使用下面的从默认配置获取
String contextClassName \= servletContext.getInitParameter(CONTEXT\_CLASS\_PARAM);
if (contextClassName != null) {
try {
return ClassUtils.forName(contextClassName, ClassUtils.getDefaultClassLoader());
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException(
"Failed to load custom context class \[" + contextClassName + "\]", ex);
}
}
else {
// 从defaultStrategies配置中获取,而defaultStrategies的初始化在静态块初始化ContextLoader里面进行初始化defaultStrategies
contextClassName \= defaultStrategies.getProperty(WebApplicationContext.class.getName());
try {
return ClassUtils.forName(contextClassName, ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader());
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException(
"Failed to load default context class \[" + contextClassName + "\]", ex);
}
}
}
defaultStrategies
对象的初始化在于初始化ContextLoader的静态块//org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader
private static final String DEFAULT\_STRATEGIES\_PATH \= "ContextLoader.properties";
private static final Properties defaultStrategies;
static {
// Load default strategy implementations from properties file.
// This is currently strictly internal and not meant to be customized
// by application developers.
try {
// 加载DEFAULT\_STRATEGIES\_PATH也就是文件ContextLoader.properties的配置
ClassPathResource resource \= new ClassPathResource(DEFAULT\_STRATEGIES\_PATH, ContextLoader.class);
defaultStrategies \= PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Could not load 'ContextLoader.properties': " + ex.getMessage());
}
}ContextLoader 的
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext
方法进行配置RootWebApplicationContext
上下文,并启动上下文- 将ServletContext存储在容器中
- 将Spring Bean的配置文件的目录存储起来
- 定制化上下文
- 启动刷新上下文
//org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader
protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {
if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {
// The application context id is still set to its original default value
// -> assign a more useful id based on available information
String idParam \= sc.getInitParameter(CONTEXT\_ID\_PARAM);
if (idParam != null) {
wac.setId(idParam);
}
else {
// Generate default id...
wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION\_CONTEXT\_ID\_PREFIX +
ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getContextPath()));
}
}
// 上下文中的ServletContext属性赋值
wac.setServletContext(sc);
// 将web.xml里面的contextConfigLocation 配置的路径,也就是Spring Bean的配置文件的目录存储在上下文中
String configLocationParam \= sc.getInitParameter(CONFIG\_LOCATION\_PARAM);
if (configLocationParam != null) {
wac.setConfigLocation(configLocationParam);
}
// The wac environment's #initPropertySources will be called in any case when the context
// is refreshed; do it eagerly here to ensure servlet property sources are in place for
// use in any post-processing or initialization that occurs below prior to #refresh
ConfigurableEnvironment env \= wac.getEnvironment();
if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {
((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(sc, null);
}
//定制上下文
customizeContext(sc, wac);
//启动上下文
wac.refresh();
}