数组是按次序依次排列的一组值
const arr = [0,'1',{},function(){}];
//二维数组
const arr1 = [1,2,[3,4,5],6];
数组是一种特殊的对象,数组的key是正整数字符串,我们一般使用数字键操作数组,会自动转换成字符串
const arr = [];
arr['1'] = 1;
//1被自动转换成'1'
console.log(arr[1],arr['1']); //1
typeof arr; //obejct
数组的length计算的是数组中正整数的个数,但你依然可以将数据的key设置为其它类型的值,不过这不会增加length的长度
const arr = [];
arr[2.1] = 2.1;
arr['a'] = 'a';
console.log(arr); //[2.1: 2.1, a: 'a']
console.log(arr.length); //0
length是可写的
const arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
arr.length = 2;
console.log(arr); //[1,2]
in关键用来判断数组中存在某个键,可应用于数组和对象
const arr = ['a','b'];
1 in arr; // true
2 in arr; //fasle
const arr = [1,2];
arr['a'] = 3;
arr[4.5] = 4;
for(key in arr){
console.log(key);
};
// 0
// 1
// a
/ 4.5
Object.keys(arr); // ['0', '1', 'a', '4.5']
var arr = [1,5,,8];
console.log(arr); //[1, 5, empty, 8]
//使用delete也会产生空值
delete arr [0];
console.log(arr); //[empty, 5, empty, 8]
console.log(arr.length); //4
const arr1 = new Array(10); //[empty × 10]
for (key in arr1) {
console.log(arr1);
}; //无输出,没有进行遍历
arr1.forEach((v) => {
console.log(v)
}); //无输出,没有进行遍历
console.log(Object.keys(arr1)); //[]
const arr2 = [undefined, undefined, undefined]; //[empty × 10]
for (key in arr2) {
console.log(key);
};
//0
//1
//2
arr2.forEach((value, index) => {
console.log(value, index)
});
// undefined,0
// undefined,1
// undefinef,2
console.log(Object.keys(arr2)); //[3]
// 使用for循环遍历empty
for(let i = 0;i
类数组的定义:键名都是正整数或零,拥有length属性
const arrayLike = {
0:'a',
1:'b',
2:'c',
length:3
};
arrayLike[3] = 'd';
console.log(arrayLike[0]); //a
console.log(arrayLike.length); //3
上面的代码为arrayLike添加了一个数字键,但length没有改变,这就说明arrayLike不是数组
典型的类数组有函数的arguments、大多数的元素DOM集合、字符串
function foo(){
console.log(arguments);
};
foo('tom','jack');
// {0:'tom', 1:'jack', length:2, callee:...}
console.log(document.getElementsByClassName('a'));
//{"0": ...,"1": ...,"2":..., "length":3}
const str = 'apple';
console.log(str.length); //5
consoel.log(str[2]); //p
将伪数组转为数组
function foo(){
const arr = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
}
function foo(){
const arr = [...arguments]
}
function foo(...args){
}