学生信息管理系统的解析
学生信息管理系统的七大模块
-
- 学生信息管理系统基本理解
- 系统业务流程
- 系统开发环境
- 主函数数设计流程
- 由函数图得出函数基本骨架
- 录入学生信息
-
- 业务流程
- 代码如下
- 删除学生信息
-
- 业务流程
- 代码如下
- 修改学生信息
-
- 业务流程图
- 代码如下
- 查找学生信息功能
-
- 业务流程图
- 代码如下
- 统计学生总人数
-
- 业务流程图
- 代码如下
- 排序
-
- 业务流程图
- 代码如下
- 显示所有学生信息
-
- 业务图
- 代码如下
- 最后得出这个工程完整的代码
学生信息管理系统基本理解
系统业务流程
系统开发环境
·操作系统：Win10
·Python解释器版本：Python3.8
·开发工具：PyCharm
·Python内置模块：os，re
·系统主界面运行效果图如下：
主函数数设计流程
由函数图得出函数基本骨架
def main():
while True:
menm()
choice = int(input("请输入"))
if choice in [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]:
if choice == 0:
answer = input("您确定退出系统吗？y/n")
if answer == "y" or answer == "Y":
print("谢谢使用")
break
else:
continue
elif choice == 1:
insert() # 录入学生信息
elif choice == 2:
search()
elif choice == 3:
delete()
elif choice == 4:
modify
elif choice == 5:
sort()
elif choice == 6:
total()
elif choice == 7:
show()
def menm():
print("=======================学生信息管理系统=====================")
print("=======================功能菜单===========================")
print("\t\t\t\t\t1.录入学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t2.查找学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t3.删除学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t4.修改学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t5.排序")
print("\t\t\t\t\t6.统计学生总人数")
print("\t\t\t\t\t7.显示所有学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t0.退出")
def insert():
pass
def search():
pass
def delete():
pass
def modify():
pass
def sort():
pass
def total():
pass
def show():
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
录入学生信息
业务流程
代码如下
def insert():
student_list = []
while True:
id = input("请输入id：")
if not id:
break
name = input("请输入姓名：")
if not name:
break
try:
english = int(input("请输入英语成绩"))
python = int(input("请输入python成绩："))
java = int(input("请输入java成绩："))
except:
print("输入无效，不是整数类型，请重新输入：")
continue
# 将录入的成绩保存到字典中
student = {"id": id, "name": name, "english": english, "python": python, "java": java}
# 将学生信息添加到列表中
student_list.append(student)
answer = input("是否继续相加")
if answer == "y":
continue
else:
break
# 调用save函数
save(student_list)
print("学生信息录入完毕！！！！")
def save(lst):
try:
stu_txt = open(filename, "a", encoding="utf-8")
except:
stu_txt = open(filename, "w", encoding = "utf-8")
for item in lst:
stu_txt.write(str(item) + "\n")
stu_txt.close()
删除学生信息
业务流程
代码如下
def delete():
while True:
student_id=input("请输入要删除学生的id：")
if student_id!="":
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,"r",encoding="utf-8")as file:
student_old=file.readlines()
else:
student_old=[]
flag=False #标记是否删除
if student_old:
with open(filename,"w",encoding="utf-8") as wfile:
d={}
for item in student_old:
d=dict(eval(item)) #将字符串转换为字典
if d["id"]!=student_id:
wfile.write(str(d)+"\n")
else:
flag=True
if flag:
print(f"id为{student_id}的学生信息已被删除")
else:
print(f"没有找到id为{student_id}的学生信息")
else:
print("无学生信息")
break
show() #删除之后要重新显示学生信息
answer=input("是否继续删除？y/n")
if answer=="y":
continue
else:
break
修改学生信息
业务流程图
代码如下
def modify():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,"r",encoding="utf-8") as rfile:
student_old=rfile.readlines()
else:
return
student_id=input("请输入要修改学生的id：")
with open(filename,"w",encoding="utf-8") as wfile:
for item in student_old:
d=dict(eval(item))
if d["id"]==student_id:
print("找到学生信息了，可以修改相关信息了！")
while True:
try:
d["name"]=input("请输入姓名：")
d["english"]=input("请输入英语成绩:")
d["python"]=input("请输入Python成绩：")
d["java"]=input("请输入java成绩：")
except:
print("您输入有误，请重新输入！！！")
else:
break
wfile.write(str(d)+"\n")
print("修改成功！！！")
else:
wfile.write(str(d)+"\n")
answer=input("是否要继续修改其他学生信息？y/n")
if answer=="y":
modify()
查找学生信息功能
业务流程图
代码如下
def search():
student_query = []
while True:
id = ""
name = ""
if os.path.exists(filename):
mode = input("按id查找请输入1，按姓名查找请输入2：")
if mode == "1":
id = input("请输入学生id：")
elif mode == "2":
name = input("请输入学生的姓名：")
else:
print("您的输入有误，请重新输入")
search()
with open(filename, "r", encoding="utf-8") as rfile:
student = rfile.readlines()
for item in student:
d = dict(eval(item))
if id != "":
if d["id"] == id:
student_query.append(d)
elif name != "":
if d["name"] == name:
student_query.append(d)
# 显示查询结果
show_student(student_query)
# 清空列表
student_query.clear()
anser = input("是否要继续查询？y/n\n")
if anser == "y":
continue
else:
break
else:
print("暂未保存学员信息")
return
def show_student(lst):
if len(lst) == 0:
print("没查到学生信息，无数据显示！！！")
return
# 定义标准的显示格式
format_title = "{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^01}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}"
print(format_title.format("ID", "姓名", "英语成绩","python成绩", "java成绩", "总成绩"))
# 定义内容的显示格式
format_data = "{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}"
for item in lst:
print(format_data.format(item.get("id"),
item.get("name"),
item.get("english"),
item.get("python"),
item.get("java"),
int(item.get("english")) + int(item.get("python")) + int(item.get("java"))
))
统计学生总人数
业务流程图
代码如下
def total():
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,"r",encoding="utf-8") as rfile:
student=rfile.readlines()
if student:
print(f"一共有{len(student)}名学生")
else:
print("还没有录入学生信息")
else:
print("暂未保存数据信息.....")
排序
业务流程图
代码如下
def sort():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,"r",encoding="utf-8") as rfile:
student_list=rfile.readlines()
student_new=[]
for item in student_list:
d=dict(eval(item))
student_new.append(d)
else:
return
asc_or_desc=input("请选择（0.升序 1.降序）：")
if asc_or_desc=="0":
asc_or_desc_bool=False
elif asc_or_desc=="1":
asc_or_desc_bool=True
else:
print("您的输入有误，请重新输入")
sort()
mode=input("请选择排序方式（1，按英语成绩排序 2，按python程序排序 3，按Java程序排序 0，按照总程序排序）")
if mode=="1":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x["english"]),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=="2":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x["python"]),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=="3":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x["java"]),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=="0":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x["english"])+int(x["python"])+int(x["java"]),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
else:
print("您的输入有误，请从新输入：")
sort()
show_student(student_new)
显示所有学生信息
业务图
代码如下
def show():
student_lst=[]
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,"r",encoding="utf-8") as rfile:
student=rfile.readlines()
for item in student:
student_lst.append(eval(item))
if student_lst:
show_student(student_lst)
else:
print("暂未保存过数据！！")
最后得出这个工程完整的代码
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# author:杜小皮
# datetime:2021/1/30 10:12
# software: PyCharm
import os # 删除操作导入os模块
filename = "student.txt"
def main():
while True:
menm()
choice = int(input("请输入"))
if choice in [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]:
if choice == 0:
answer = input("您确定退出系统吗？y/n")
if answer == "y" or answer == "Y":
print("谢谢使用")
break
else:
continue
elif choice == 1:
insert() # 录入学生信息
elif choice == 2:
search()
elif choice == 3:
delete()
elif choice == 4:
modify()
elif choice == 5:
sort()
elif choice == 6:
total()
elif choice == 7:
show()
def menm():
print("=======================学生信息管理系统=====================")
print("=======================功能菜单===========================")
print("\t\t\t\t\t1.录入学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t2.查找学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t3.删除学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t4.修改学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t5.排序")
print("\t\t\t\t\t6.统计学生总人数")
print("\t\t\t\t\t7.显示所有学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t0.退出")
def insert():
student_list = []
while True:
id = input("请输入id：")
if not id:
break
name = input("请输入姓名：")
if not name:
break
try:
english = int(input("请输入英语成绩"))
python = int(input("请输入python成绩："))
java = int(input("请输入java成绩："))
except:
print("输入无效，不是整数类型，请重新输入：")
continue
# 将录入的成绩保存到字典中
student = {"id": id, "name": name, "english": english, "python": python, "java": java}
# 将学生信息添加到列表中
student_list.append(student)
answer = input("是否继续相加")
if answer == "y":
continue
else:
break
# 调用save函数
save(student_list)
print("学生信息录入完毕！！！！")
def save(lst):
try:
stu_txt = open(filename, "a", encoding="utf-8")
except:
stu_txt = open(filename, "w", encoding="utf-8")
for item in lst:
stu_txt.write(str(item) + "\n")
stu_txt.close()
def search():
student_query = []
while True:
id = ""
name = ""
if os.path.exists(filename):
mode = input("按id查找请输入1，按姓名查找请输入2：")
if mode == "1":
id = input("请输入学生id：")
elif mode == "2":
name = input("请输入学生的姓名：")
else:
print("您的输入有误，请重新输入")
search()
with open(filename, "r", encoding="utf-8") as rfile:
student = rfile.readlines()
for item in student:
d = dict(eval(item))
if id != "":
if d["id"] == id:
student_query.append(d)
elif name != "":
if d["name"] == name:
student_query.append(d)
# 显示查询结果
show_student(student_query)
# 清空列表
student_query.clear()
anser = input("是否要继续查询？y/n\n")
if anser == "y":
continue
else:
break
else:
print("暂未保存学员信息")
return
def show_student(lst):
if len(lst) == 0:
print("没查到学生信息，无数据显示！！！")
return
# 定义标准的显示格式
format_title = "{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^01}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}"
print(format_title.format("ID", "姓名", "英语成绩","python成绩", "java成绩", "总成绩"))
# 定义内容的显示格式
format_data = "{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}"
for item in lst:
print(format_data.format(item.get("id"),
item.get("name"),
item.get("english"),
item.get("python"),
item.get("java"),
int(item.get("english")) + int(item.get("python")) + int(item.get("java"))
))
def delete():
while True:
student_id = input("请输入要删除学生的id：")
if student_id != "":
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, "r", encoding="utf-8")as file:
student_old = file.readlines()
else:
student_old = []
flag = False # 标记是否删除
if student_old:
with open(filename, "w", encoding="utf-8") as wfile:
d = {}
for item in student_old:
d = dict(eval(item)) # 将字符串转换为字典
if d["id"] != student_id:
wfile.write(str(d) + "\n")
else:
flag = True
if flag:
print(f"id为{student_id}的学生信息已被删除")
else:
print(f"没有找到id为{student_id}的学生信息")
else:
print("无学生信息")
break
show() # 删除之后要重新显示学生信息
answer = input("是否继续删除？y/n")
if answer == "y":
continue
else:
break
def modify():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, "r", encoding="utf-8") as rfile:
student_old = rfile.readlines()
else:
return
student_id = input("请输入要修改学生的id：")
with open(filename, "w", encoding="utf-8") as wfile:
for item in student_old:
d = dict(eval(item))
if d["id"] == student_id:
print("找到学生信息了，可以修改相关信息了！")
while True:
try:
d["name"] = input("请输入姓名：")
d["english"] = input("请输入英语成绩:")
d["python"] = input("请输入Python成绩：")
d["java"] = input("请输入java成绩：")
except:
print("您输入有误，请重新输入！！！")
else:
break
wfile.write(str(d) + "\n")
print("修改成功！！！")
else:
wfile.write(str(d) + "\n")
answer = input("是否要继续修改其他学生信息？y/n")
if answer == "y":
modify()
def sort():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,"r",encoding="utf-8") as rfile:
student_list=rfile.readlines()
student_new=[]
for item in student_list:
d=dict(eval(item))
student_new.append(d)
else:
return
asc_or_desc=input("请选择（0.升序 1.降序）：")
if asc_or_desc=="0":
asc_or_desc_bool=False
elif asc_or_desc=="1":
asc_or_desc_bool=True
else:
print("您的输入有误，请重新输入")
sort()
mode=input("请选择排序方式（1，按英语成绩排序 2，按python程序排序 3，按Java程序排序 0，按照总程序排序）")
if mode=="1":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x["english"]),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=="2":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x["python"]),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=="3":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x["java"]),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=="0":
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x["english"])+int(x["python"])+int(x["java"]),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
else:
print("您的输入有误，请从新输入：")
sort()
show_student(student_new)
def total():
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,"r",encoding="utf-8") as rfile:
student=rfile.readlines()
if student:
print(f"一共有{len(student)}名学生")
else:
print("还没有录入学生信息")
else:
print("暂未保存数据信息.....")
def show():
student_lst=[]
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,"r",encoding="utf-8") as rfile:
student=rfile.readlines()
for item in student:
student_lst.append(eval(item))
if student_lst:
show_student(student_lst)
else:
print("暂未保存过数据！！")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()