Sharding-JDBC 实现主从数据库读写分离

一 启动主从 mysql 数据库

二 配置文件

# shardingjdbc分片策略
# 配置数据源，给数据源起名称,
# 水平分库，配置两个数据源
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names=m1,m2,m0,s0

# 一个实体类对应两张表，覆盖
spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true

#配置第一个数据源具体内容，包含连接池，驱动，地址，用户名和密码
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m1.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m1.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/edu_db_1?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m1.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m1.password=Mima123456

#配置第二个数据源具体内容，包含连接池，驱动，地址，用户名和密码
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m2.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m2.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m2.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/edu_db_2?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m2.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m2.password=Mima123456

#配置第三个数据源具体内容，包含连接池，驱动，地址，用户名和密码
# user_db主服务器
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m0.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m0.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m0.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/user_db?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m0.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.m0.password=Mima123456

# user_db 从服务器
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.s0.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.s0.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.s0.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3307/user_db?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.s0.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.s0.password=Mima123456

# 主库从库逻辑数据源定义 ds0 为 user_db
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.master-slave-rules.ds0.master-data-source-name=m0
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.master-slave-rules.ds0.slave-data-source-names=s0

# 配置 user_db 数据库里面 t_user 专库专表
#spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_user.actual-data-nodes=m$->{0}.t_user
# t_user 分表策略，固定分配至 ds0 的 t_user 真实表
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_user.actual-data-nodes=ds0.t_user

# 配置公共表
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.broadcast-tables=t_udict
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_udict.key-generator.column=dictid
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_udict.key-generator.type=SNOWFLAKE

# 指定course表里面主键cid 生成策略  SNOWFLAKE
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_user.key-generator.column=user_id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_user.key-generator.type=SNOWFLAKE

# 指定表分片策略  约定cid值偶数添加到course_1表，如果cid是奇数添加到course_2表
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_user.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=user_id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.t_user.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=t_user

#指定数据库分布情况，数据库里面表分布情况
# m1  m2    course_1 course_2
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.course.actual-data-nodes=m$->{1..2}.course_$->{1..2}

# 指定course表里面主键cid 生成策略  SNOWFLAKE
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.course.key-generator.column=cid
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.course.key-generator.type=SNOWFLAKE

# 指定表分片策略  约定cid值偶数添加到course_1表，如果cid是奇数添加到course_2表
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.course.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=cid
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.course.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=course_$->{cid % 2 + 1}

# 指定数据库分片策略 约定user_id是偶数添加m1，是奇数添加m2
#spring.shardingsphere.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.sharding-column=user_id
#spring.shardingsphere.sharding.default-database-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=m$->{user_id % 2 + 1}

spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.course.database-strategy.inline..sharding-column=user_id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.course.database-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=m$->{user_id % 2 + 1}

# 打开sql输出日志
spring.shardingsphere.props.sql.show=true

三 测试代码

// 添加操作
@Test
public void addUserDb() {
    User user = new User();
    user.setUsername("cakin");
    user.setUstatus("m");
    userMapper.insert(user);
}

// 查询操作
@Test
public void findUserDb() {
    QueryWrapper wrapper = new QueryWrapper<>();
    // 设置userid值
    wrapper.eq("user_id", 664902067889897473L);
    User user = userMapper.selectOne(wrapper);
    System.out.println(user);
}

四 测试效果

1 增加

2021-11-09 18:43:26.310  INFO 10744 --- [           main] ShardingSphere-SQL                       : Actual SQL: m0 ::: INSERT INTO t_user   (username, ustatus, user_id) VALUES (?, ?, ?) ::: [cakin, m, 664902067889897473]

2 查询

2021-11-09 18:48:18.784  INFO 19496 --- [           main] ShardingSphere-SQL                       : Actual SQL: s0 ::: SELECT  user_id,username,ustatus  FROM t_user  
WHERE  user_id = ? ::: [664902067889897473]
User(userId=664902067889897473, username=cakin, ustatus=m)