MonoDroid学习笔记（十三）—— 自制任务管理器，获取正在运行的程序与服务

Android操作系统并没有提供任务管理程序，无从得知后台有哪些程序正在运行，但提供了正在运行的服务列表。这次我们来用MonoDroid来获取手机中正在运行的程序及服务，用ListView列出来，点击ListView的项可以实现关闭程序或服务。

这里我没有实现实时获取，而是通过点击两个按钮时才进行获取，布局文件如下：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                 android:layout_height="fill_parent">
   <Button android:id="@+id/btnGetTask"
           android:text="正在运行的程序"
           android:layout_width="wrap_content"
           android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
   <Button android:id="@+id/btnGetService"
           android:text="正在运行的服务"
           android:layout_width="wrap_content"
           android:layout_height="wrap_content"
           android:layout_toRightOf="@id/btnGetTask"/>
   <ListView android:id="@+id/lvTasks"
             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
             android:layout_height="fill_parent"
             android:layout_below="@id/btnGetTask"></ListView>
 </RelativeLayout>

 

要获取正在运行的程序，需使用ActivityManager类的GetRunningTasks方法，它的参数指定需要取出的任务数，由于资源有限，所以我们这里设置了最多取出30条任务：

 public class Activity1 : Activity
 {
     List<string> list = new List<string>();
     IList<ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo> listRunningTasks;
     ActivityManager am;
     protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle)
     {
         base.OnCreate(bundle);
         SetContentView(Resource.Layout.Main);
         Button btnGetTask = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetTask);
         Button btnGetService = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetService);
         ListView lvTasks = FindViewById<ListView>(Resource.Id.lvTasks);
         am = this.GetSystemService(ActivityService) as ActivityManager;
         btnGetTask.Click += (sender, e) =>
         {
             contentShown = 1;
             try
             {
                 list.Clear();
                 lvTasks.Adapter = null;
                 listRunningTasks = am.GetRunningTasks(30);
                 int index = 1;
                 foreach (ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo task in listRunningTasks)
                 {
                     list.Add(string.Format("{0}:{1}(ID={2})", index++, task.BaseActivity.ClassName, task.Id));
                 }
                 ArrayAdapter<string> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<string>(this, Android.Resource.Layout.SimpleListItem1, list);
                 if (adapter.Count == 0)
                 {
                     Toast.MakeText(this, "当前没有任何程序运行", ToastLength.Long).Show();
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     lvTasks.Adapter = adapter;
                 }
             }
             catch (SecurityException)
             {
                 Toast.MakeText(this, "没有获取运行程序的权限", ToastLength.Long).Show();
             }
             catch (System.Exception ex)
             {
                 MessageBox.ShowErrorMessage(this, ex);
             }
         };
         lvTasks.ItemClick += (sender, e) =>
         {
                 MessageBox.Confirm(this, "提示", "确定关闭此程序吗?", (s2, e2) =>
                 {
                     am.RestartPackage(listRunningTasks[e.Position].BaseActivity.PackageName);
                     btnGetTask.PerformClick();
                 }, (s3, e3) => { });
         };
     }
 }

 

注意要获取任务，必需要在AndroidManifest.xml中添加GET_Tasks权限，而要关闭程序，我们这里使用的是ActivityManager类的RestartPackage方法，根据程序的包名称来关闭，所以要添加RESTART_PACKAGES权限：

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_TASKS" />
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RESTART_PACKAGES" />

 

效果图：

 

下面我们来实现获取运行中服务的效果。获取服务与获取程序差不多，只要把GetRunningTasks改为GetRunningServices即可，同样我们还是取出30条。由于是在同一个ListView中显示，在单击列表项时需要区分单击的是程序还是服务，所以我们增加一个字段contentShown加以区分，contentShown=1时表示程序，contentShown=2时表示服务，完整的代码如下：

 public class Activity1 : Activity
 {
     List<string> list = new List<string>();
     IList<ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo> listRunningTasks;
     IList<ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo> listRunningServices;
     ActivityManager am;
     int contentShown = 0;
     protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle)
     {
         base.OnCreate(bundle);
         SetContentView(Resource.Layout.Main);
         Button btnGetTask = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetTask);
         Button btnGetService = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetService);
         ListView lvTasks = FindViewById<ListView>(Resource.Id.lvTasks);
         am = this.GetSystemService(ActivityService) as ActivityManager;
         btnGetTask.Click += (sender, e) =>
         {
             contentShown = 1;
             try
             {
                 list.Clear();
                 lvTasks.Adapter = null;
                 listRunningTasks = am.GetRunningTasks(30);
                 int index = 1;
                 foreach (ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo task in listRunningTasks)
                 {
                     list.Add(string.Format("{0}:{1}(ID={2})", index++, task.BaseActivity.ClassName, task.Id));
                 }
                 ArrayAdapter<string> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<string>(this, Android.Resource.Layout.SimpleListItem1, list);
                 if (adapter.Count == 0)
                 {
                     Toast.MakeText(this, "当前没有任何程序运行", ToastLength.Long).Show();
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     lvTasks.Adapter = adapter;
                 }
             }
             catch (SecurityException)
             {
                 Toast.MakeText(this, "没有获取运行程序的权限", ToastLength.Long).Show();
             }
             catch (System.Exception ex)
             {
                 MessageBox.ShowErrorMessage(this, ex);
             }
         };
         btnGetService.Click += (sender, e) =>
         {
             contentShown = 2;
             try
             {
                 lvTasks.Adapter = null;
                 listRunningServices = am.GetRunningServices(30);
                 int index = 1;
                 list.Clear();
                 foreach (ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo service in listRunningServices)
                 {
                     list.Add(string.Format("{0}:{1}(ID={2})", index++, service.Process, service.Pid));
                 }
                 ArrayAdapter<string> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<string>(this, Android.Resource.Layout.SimpleListItem1, list);
                 if (adapter.Count == 0)
                 {
                     Toast.MakeText(this, "当前没有任何服务运行", ToastLength.Long).Show();
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     lvTasks.Adapter = adapter;
                 }
             }
             catch (SecurityException)
             {
                 Toast.MakeText(this, "没有获取运行服务的权限", ToastLength.Long).Show();
             }
             catch (System.Exception ex)
             {
                 MessageBox.ShowErrorMessage(this, ex);
             }
         };
         lvTasks.ItemClick += (sender, e) =>
         {
             if (contentShown == 1)
             {
                 MessageBox.Confirm(this, "提示", "确定关闭此程序吗?", (s2, e2) =>
                 {
                     am.RestartPackage(listRunningTasks[e.Position].BaseActivity.PackageName);
                     btnGetTask.PerformClick();
                 }, (s3, e3) => { });
             }
             else if (contentShown == 2)
             {
                 MessageBox.Confirm(this, "提示", "确定关闭此服务吗?", (s2, e2) =>
                 {
                     am.RestartPackage(listRunningServices[e.Position].Service.PackageName);
                     btnGetService.PerformClick();
                 }, (s3, e3) => { });
             }
         };
     }
 }