HDFS常用命令实操

1 准备工作

1）启动Hadoop集群（方便后续的测试）

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ sbin/start-dfs.sh

[luss966@hadoop103 hadoop-3.1.3]$ sbin/start-yarn.sh

2）-help：输出这个命令参数

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -help rm

3）创建/sanguo文件夹

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -mkdir /sanguo

2 上传

1）-moveFromLocal：从本地剪切粘贴到HDFS

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ vim shuguo.txt

输入：

shuguo

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs  -moveFromLocal  ./shuguo.txt  /sanguo

2）-copyFromLocal：从本地文件系统中拷贝文件到HDFS路径去

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ vim weiguo.txt

输入：

weiguo

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -copyFromLocal weiguo.txt /sanguo

3）-put：等同于copyFromLocal，生产环境更习惯用put

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ vim wuguo.txt

输入：

wuguo

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -put ./wuguo.txt /sanguo

4）-appendToFile：追加一个文件到已经存在的文件末尾

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ vim liubei.txt

输入：

liubei

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -appendToFile liubei.txt /sanguo/shuguo.txt

3 下载

1）-copyToLocal：从HDFS拷贝到本地

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -copyToLocal /sanguo/shuguo.txt ./

2）-get：等同于copyToLocal，生产环境更习惯用get

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -get /sanguo/shuguo.txt ./shuguo2.txt

4 HDFS直接操作

1）-ls: 显示目录信息

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -ls /sanguo

2）-cat：显示文件内容

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -cat /sanguo/shuguo.txt

3）-chgrp、-chmod、-chown：Linux文件系统中的用法一样，修改文件所属权限

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs  -chmod 666  /sanguo/shuguo.txt

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs  -chown  atguigu:atguigu   /sanguo/shuguo.txt

4）-mkdir：创建路径

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -mkdir /jinguo

5）-cp：从HDFS的一个路径拷贝到HDFS的另一个路径

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -cp /sanguo/shuguo.txt /jinguo

6）-mv：在HDFS目录中移动文件

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -mv /sanguo/wuguo.txt /jinguo

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -mv /sanguo/weiguo.txt /jinguo

7）-tail：显示一个文件的末尾1kb的数据

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -tail /jinguo/shuguo.txt

8）-rm：删除文件或文件夹

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -rm /sanguo/shuguo.txt

9）-rm -r：递归删除目录及目录里面内容

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -rm -r /sanguo

10）-du统计文件夹的大小信息

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -du -s -h /jinguo

27  81  /jinguo

[luss966@hadoop102 hadoop-3.1.3]$ hadoop fs -du  -h /jinguo

14  42  /jinguo/shuguo.txt

7   21   /jinguo/weiguo.txt

6   18   /jinguo/wuguo.tx

说明：27表示文件大小；81表示27*3个副本；/jinguo表示查看的目录