DICOM文件解析
dicom是一种神奇的格式，可以用dcmtk这个第三方库进行解析。
但是，dcmtk的编译实在令人头大，还要用到opencv库。
不就是把图片读出来嘛，吾辈当自强，我们自己也可以！！（注意！！本代码仅可解析非常非常非常基础的几种dicom，吾辈强度有限）！
于是参照 Dicom格式文件解析器 - assassinx - 博客园 这位大佬的解析和实现，鄙人自己写了一个C++版本的Dicom解析工具。
DicomHelper类负责读取并解析dicom文件，并将图片数据存储到一个特殊的结构体里。结构体包括像素阵列的宽和高以及像素数据。大家可以使用这些数据把dicom格式转换为自己喜欢的格式，或者通过自己喜欢的方法将图片展示出来。
废话不多说，以下是DicomHelper的代码。同时鄙人还做了一个非常简陋的dicom浏览工具，是用Qt实现的。代码会放到百度网盘神奇的链接里，效果大概是这样的：
首先是百度网盘链接
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1w7Ute-_YzOanR22Ib-uc6w
提取码：dcms
接下来是代码：
DicomHelper.h:
#pragma once
#include
#include
#include DicomHelper.cpp
#include "DicomHelper.h"
#include
#define ST_INT_MAX (2147483647)
#define ST_UINT_MAX (0XFFFFFFFF)
typedef union ST_NUM {
double v_d;
float v_f;
int v_i;
unsigned int v_ui;
unsigned short v_us;
short v_s;
unsigned char a[8];
};
enum ST_NUM_TYPE {
ST_TYPE_UINT16 = 1,
ST_TYPE_INT16,
ST_TYPE_UINT32,
ST_TYPE_INT32,
ST_TYPE_FLOAT,
ST_TYPE_DOUBLE
};
string getNumString(ST_NUM_TYPE type, vectorVF)
{
char numstr[100];
memset(numstr, 0, sizeof(numstr));
ST_NUM num;
if (type == ST_TYPE_UINT16)
{
num.a[0] = VF[0];
num.a[1] = VF[1];
itoa(num.v_us, numstr, 10);
}
else if (type == ST_TYPE_INT16)
{
num.a[0] = VF[0];
num.a[1] = VF[1];
itoa(num.v_s, numstr, 10);
}
else if (type == ST_TYPE_UINT32)
{
num.a[0] = VF[0];
num.a[1] = VF[1];
num.a[2] = VF[2];
num.a[3] = VF[3];
itoa(num.v_ui, numstr, 10);
}
else if (type == ST_TYPE_INT32)
{
num.a[0] = VF[0];
num.a[1] = VF[1];
num.a[2] = VF[2];
num.a[3] = VF[3];
itoa(num.v_i, numstr, 10);
}
else if (type == ST_TYPE_FLOAT)
{
num.a[0] = VF[0];
num.a[1] = VF[1];
num.a[2] = VF[2];
num.a[3] = VF[3];
sprintf(numstr, "%f", num.v_f);
}
else if (type == ST_TYPE_DOUBLE)
{
num.a[0] = VF[0];
num.a[1] = VF[1];
num.a[2] = VF[2];
num.a[3] = VF[3];
num.a[4] = VF[4];
num.a[5] = VF[5];
num.a[6] = VF[6];
num.a[7] = VF[7];
sprintf(numstr, "%f", num.v_d);
}
return numstr;
}
string DicomData::getVR(string tag)
{
if(tag =="0002,0000")//文件元信息长度
return "UL";
if(tag =="0002,0010")//传输语法
return "UI";
if (tag == "0002,0013")//文件生成程序的标题
return "SH";
if(tag == "0008,0005")//文本编码
return "CS";
if (tag == "0008,0008")
return "CS";
if (tag == "0008,1032")//成像时间
return "SQ";
if (tag == "0008,1111")
return "SQ";
if (tag == "0008,0020")//检查日期
return "DA";
if (tag == "0008,0060")//成像仪器
return "CS";
if (tag == "0008,0070")//成像仪厂商
return "LO";
if (tag == "0008,0080")
return "LO";
if (tag == "0010,0010")//病人姓名
return "PN";
if (tag == "0010,0020")//病人id
return "LO";
if (tag == "0010,0030")//病人生日
return "DA";
if (tag == "0018,0060")//电压
return "DS";
if (tag == "0018,1030")//协议名
return "LO";
if (tag == "0018,1151")
return "IS";
if (tag == "0020,0010")//检查ID
return "SH";
if (tag == "0020,0011")//序列
return "IS";
if (tag == "0020,0012")//成像编号
return "IS";
if (tag == "0020,0013")//影像编号
return "IS";
if (tag == "0028,0002")//像素采样1为灰度3为彩色
return "US";
if (tag == "0028,0004")//图像模式MONOCHROME2为灰度
return "CS";
if (tag == "0028,0010")//row高
return "US";
if (tag == "0028,0011")//col宽
return "US";
if (tag == "0028,0100")//单个采样数据长度
return "US";
if (tag == "0028,0101")//实际长度
return "US";
if (tag == "0028,0102")//采样最大值
return "US";
if (tag == "0028,1050")//窗位
return "DS";
if (tag == "0028,1051")//窗宽
return "DS";
if (tag == "0028,1052")
return "DS";
if (tag == "0028,1053")
return "DS";
if (tag == "0040,0008")//文件夹标签
return "SQ";
if (tag == "0040,0260")//文件夹标签
return "SQ";
if (tag == "0040,0275")//文件夹标签
return "SQ";
if (tag == "7fe0,0010")//像素数据开始处
return "OW";
return "UN";
}
string DicomData::getVF(string VR, vectorVF)
{
string vfStr = "";
if (VF.size() == 0)
{
return vfStr;
}
if (VR == "SS")
{
vfStr = getNumString(ST_TYPE_INT16,VF);
}
else if (VR == "US")
{
vfStr = getNumString(ST_TYPE_UINT16, VF);
}
else if (VR == "SL")
{
vfStr = getNumString(ST_TYPE_INT32, VF);
}
else if (VR == "UL")
{
vfStr = getNumString(ST_TYPE_UINT32, VF);
}
else if (VR == "AT")
{
vfStr = getNumString(ST_TYPE_UINT16, VF);
}
else if (VR == "FL")
{
vfStr = getNumString(ST_TYPE_FLOAT, VF);
}
else if (VR == "FD")
{
vfStr = getNumString(ST_TYPE_DOUBLE, VF);
}
else if (VR == "OB" || VR == "OW" || VR == "SQ" || VR == "OF" || VR == "UT")
{
vfStr = (char*)VF.data();
}
else {
vfStr = (char*)VF.data();
}
return vfStr;
}
int DicomData::readTags(unsigned char* fileData, long fileLenth)
{
bool enDir = false;
int level = 0;
string flodertag = "";
vectorfloderData;
int startPos = 132;
while (startPos + 6 < fileLenth)
{
char tag[10];
sprintf(tag, "%02x", fileData[startPos + 1]);
sprintf(tag + 2, "%02x", fileData[startPos]);
tag[4] = ',';
sprintf(tag + 5, "%02x", fileData[startPos + 3]);
sprintf(tag + 7, "%02x", fileData[startPos + 2]);
tag[9] = '\0';
startPos += 4;
string VR = "";
string stag = tag;
if (stag == "0028,0010")
{
printf("hh");
}
unsigned int len = 0;
if (stag.substr(0, 4) == "0002")
{
VR += fileData[startPos];
startPos++;
VR += fileData[startPos];
startPos++;
if (VR == "OB" || VR == "OW" || VR == "SQ" || VR == "OF" || VR == "UT" || VR == "UN")
{
startPos += 2;
ST_NUM num;
num.a[0] = fileData[startPos];
num.a[1] = fileData[startPos + 1];
num.a[2] = fileData[startPos + 2];
num.a[3] = fileData[startPos + 3];
len = num.v_ui;
startPos += 4;
}
else
{
ST_NUM num;
num.a[0] = fileData[startPos];
num.a[1] = fileData[startPos + 1];
len = num.v_us;
startPos += 2;
}
}
else if (stag == "fffe,e000" || stag == "fffe,e00d" || stag == "fffe,e0dd")//文件夹标签
{
VR = "**";
ST_NUM num;
//startPos += 2;
num.a[0] = fileData[startPos];
num.a[1] = fileData[startPos + 1];
num.a[2] = fileData[startPos + 2];
num.a[3] = fileData[startPos + 3];
len = num.v_ui;
startPos += 4;
}
else if (isExplicitVR == true)//有无VR的情况
{
VR += fileData[startPos];
startPos++;
VR += fileData[startPos];
startPos++;
if (VR == "OB" || VR == "OW" || VR == "SQ" || VR == "OF" || VR == "UT" || VR == "UN")
{
ST_NUM num;
startPos += 2;
num.a[0] = fileData[startPos];
num.a[1] = fileData[startPos + 1];
num.a[2] = fileData[startPos + 2];
num.a[3] = fileData[startPos + 3];
len = num.v_ui;
startPos += 4;
}
else
{
ST_NUM num;
num.a[0] = fileData[startPos];
num.a[1] = fileData[startPos + 1];
len = num.v_us;
startPos += 2;
}
}
else if (isExplicitVR == false)
{
VR = getVR(stag);//无显示VR时根据tag一个一个去找 真烦啊。
ST_NUM num;
num.a[0] = fileData[startPos];
num.a[1] = fileData[startPos + 1];
num.a[2] = fileData[startPos + 2];
num.a[3] = fileData[startPos + 3];
len = num.v_ui;
startPos += 4;
}
vectorVF;
if (stag == "7fe0,0010")
{
pxDataLen = len;
pixDataOffset = startPos;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
VF.push_back(fileData[startPos]);
startPos++;
}
VR = "UL";
}
else if ((VR == "SQ" && len == ST_UINT_MAX) || (stag == "fffe,e000" && len == ST_UINT_MAX))
{
if (enDir == false)
{
enDir = true;
floderData.clear();
flodertag = stag;
}
else
{
level++;//VF不赋值
}
}
else if ((stag == "fffe,e00d" && len == 0) || (stag == "fffe,e0dd" && len == 0))//文件夹结束标签
{
if (enDir == true)
{
enDir = false;
}
else
{
level--;
}
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
VF.push_back(fileData[startPos]);
startPos++;
}
}
string VFStr;
VFStr = getVF(VR, VF);
//----------------------------------------------------------------针对特殊的tag的值的处理
//特别针对文件头信息处理
if (stag == "0002,0000")
{
fileHeaderLen = len;
fileHeaderOffset = startPos;
}
else if (stag == "0002,0010")//传输语法 关系到后面的数据读取
{
if (VFStr == "1.2.840.10008.1.2.1\0")
{
isLittleEdian = true;
isExplicitVR = true;
}
else if (VFStr == "1.2.840.10008.1.2.2\0")
{
isLittleEdian = false;
isExplicitVR = true;
}
else if (VFStr == "1.2.840.10008.1.2\0")
{
isLittleEdian = true;
isExplicitVR = false;
}
}
for (int i = 1; i <= level; i++)
stag = "--" + stag;
//------------------------------------数据搜集代码
if ((VR == "SQ" && len == ST_UINT_MAX) || (stag == "fffe,e000" && len == ST_UINT_MAX) || level > 0)//文件夹标签代码
{
for (int i = 0; i < stag.length(); i++)
{
floderData.push_back(stag[i]);
}
floderData.push_back('(');
for (int i = 0; i < VR.length(); i++)
{
floderData.push_back(VR[i]);
}
floderData.push_back(')');
floderData.push_back(':');
for (int i = 0; i < VFStr.length(); i++)
{
floderData.push_back(VFStr[i]);
}
}
else if (((stag == "fffe,e00d" && len == 0) || (stag == "fffe,e0dd" && len == 0)) && level == 0)//文件夹结束标签
{
for (int i = 0; i < stag.length(); i++)
{
floderData.push_back(stag[i]);
}
floderData.push_back('(');
for (int i = 0; i < VR.length(); i++)
{
floderData.push_back(VR[i]);
}
floderData.push_back(')');
floderData.push_back(':');
for (int i = 0; i < VFStr.length(); i++)
{
floderData.push_back(VFStr[i]);
}
string flodertag1 = flodertag + "SQ";
tags[flodertag1] = floderData.data();
}
else
{
string fltag = "";
fltag += '(';
fltag += VR;
fltag += ')';
for (int i = 0; i < VFStr.length(); i++)
{
fltag.push_back(VFStr[i]);
}
if (stag == "0028,0010")
{
printf("hh");
}
tags[stag] = fltag;
}
}
return 0;
}
int DicomData::parseFile(string path)
{
FILE* pf = fopen(path.c_str(), "r");
if (pf == NULL)
{
return -1;
}
fseek(pf, 0, SEEK_END);
long long lsize = ftell(pf);
if (lsize <= 132)
{
fclose(pf);
return -1;
}
fileData = (unsigned char*)malloc(lsize + 1);
if (fileData == NULL)
{
fclose(pf);
return -1;
}
rewind(pf);
fread((void*)fileData, sizeof(unsigned char), lsize, pf);
fclose(pf);
char DicomHead[5];
for (int i = 128;; i++)
{
int curPos = i - 128;
if (curPos == 4)
{
break;
}
DicomHead[curPos] = fileData[i];
}
DicomHead[4] = '\0';
if (strcmp(DicomHead, "DICM") != 0)
{
return -1;
}
int ans = readTags(fileData, lsize);
if (ans != 0)
{
return ans;
}
getImage(fileData,this->fileLenth);
}
STImageData DicomData::getImageData(int windowCenter, int windowWidth)
{
this->windowWidth = windowWidth;
this->windowCenter = windowCenter;
getImage(fileData, this->fileLenth);
return imageData;
}
bool DicomData::getImage(unsigned char* filedata, long fileLength)
{
int imgNum;
int dataLen;
int validLen;
int rows = atoi(tags["0028,0010"].substr(4).c_str());
int cols = atoi(tags["0028,0011"].substr(4).c_str());
int colors = atoi(tags["0028,0002"].substr(4).c_str());
dataLen = atoi(tags["0028,0100"].substr(4).c_str());
validLen = atoi(tags["0028,0101"].substr(4).c_str());
imageData.cols = cols;
imageData.rows = rows;
imageData.pixels.clear();
long reads = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < cols * rows; i++)
{
if (reads >= pxDataLen)
{
break;
}
int readLen = dataLen / (8 * colors);
unsigned char* cData = new unsigned char(readLen);
for (int f = 0; f < readLen; f++)
{
cData[f] = fileData[pixDataOffset + reads + f];
}
reads += readLen;
STpixelStruct pix;
if (colors == 1)
{
int grayGDI;
ST_NUM num;
num.a[0] = cData[0];
num.a[1] = cData[1];
double gray = num.v_us;
int grayStart = (windowCenter - windowWidth / 2);
int grayEnd = (windowCenter + windowWidth / 2);
if (gray < grayStart)
{
grayGDI = 0;
}
else if (gray > grayEnd)
{
grayGDI = 255;
}
else {
grayGDI = (int)((gray - grayStart) * 255 / windowWidth);
}
if (grayGDI > 255)
{
grayGDI = 255;
}
else if (grayGDI < 0)
{
grayGDI = 0;
}
pix.r = grayGDI;
pix.g = grayGDI;
pix.b = grayGDI;
}
else if (colors == 3)
{
pix.r = cData[0];
pix.g = cData[1];
pix.b = cData[2];
}
delete cData;
cData = NULL;
imageData.pixels.push_back(pix);
}
return false;
}