在pycharm设置conda环境-import opencv-命令行import成功但pycharm import失败
文章目录
- 问题
- 分析
-
- anaconda
问题
使用opencv
brew install opencv // 安装opencv库
pip install opencv-python // 安装opencv的python版SDK
命令行测试opencv确实可用(因为import成功了)
(base) ✘ ~ python
Python 3.8.8 (default, Apr 13 2021, 12:59:45)
[Clang 10.0.0 ] :: Anaconda, Inc. on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>>
但pycharm却未引入cv2的库, 如下图
分析
众所周知, python有很多版本, 如下
(base) ~ ll /usr/local/bin/python*
lrwxr-xr-x 1 sunyuchuan admin 42B 8 16 16:38 /usr/local/bin/python3 -> ../Cellar/[email protected]/3.10.6_1/bin/python3
lrwxr-xr-x 1 sunyuchuan admin 49B 8 16 16:38 /usr/local/bin/python3-config -> ../Cellar/[email protected]/3.10.6_1/bin/python3-config
lrwxr-xr-x 1 sunyuchuan admin 45B 8 16 16:38 /usr/local/bin/python3.10 -> ../Cellar/[email protected]/3.10.6_1/bin/python3.10
lrwxr-xr-x 1 sunyuchuan admin 52B 8 16 16:38 /usr/local/bin/python3.10-config -> ../Cellar/[email protected]/3.10.6_1/bin/python3.10-config
lrwxr-xr-x 1 sunyuchuan admin 43B 8 16 16:42 /usr/local/bin/python3.9 -> ../Cellar/[email protected]/3.9.13_3/bin/python3.9
lrwxr-xr-x 1 sunyuchuan admin 50B 8 16 16:42 /usr/local/bin/python3.9-config -> ../Cellar/[email protected]/3.9.13_3/bin/python3.9-config
(base) ✘ ~ which python2
/usr/bin/python2
(base) ~ which python3
/Users/admin/opt/anaconda3/bin/python3
其实这些众多python版本, 都被各种其他库使用, 还没办法删
(base) ~ brew uninstall [email protected]
Error: Refusing to uninstall /usr/local/Cellar/[email protected]/3.10.6_1
because it is required by autojump, gobject-introspection, gts, opencv, pgcli, python-tabulate and vtk, which are currently installed.
You can override this and force removal with:
brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies [email protected]
(base) ✘ ~ brew uninstall [email protected]
Error: Refusing to uninstall /usr/local/Cellar/[email protected]/3.9.13_3
because it is required by cairo, graphviz, libass and librsvg, which are currently installed.
You can override this and force removal with:
brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies [email protected]
anaconda
anaconda是各版本python的管理器, 可以设置很多套环境, 每个环境有不同的python版本, 和不同的库
例如base环境, 安装了python3.8.8, 安装了python-opencv库, 安装了matplotlib库
例如a环境, 安装了python3.10, 安装了flask的web框架
我们可以随意切换, 其操作命令如下
(base) ~ conda
usage: conda [-h] [-V] command ...
conda is a tool for managing and deploying applications, environments and packages.
Options:
positional arguments:
command
clean Remove unused packages and caches.
compare Compare packages between conda environments.
config Modify configuration values in .condarc. This is modeled after the git config command. Writes to the user .condarc file (/Users/sunyuchuan/.condarc) by default.
create Create a new conda environment from a list of specified packages.
help Displays a list of available conda commands and their help strings.
info Display information about current conda install.
init Initialize conda for shell interaction. [Experimental]
install Installs a list of packages into a specified conda environment.
list List linked packages in a conda environment.
package Low-level conda package utility. (EXPERIMENTAL)
remove Remove a list of packages from a specified conda environment.
uninstall Alias for conda remove.
run Run an executable in a conda environment. [Experimental]
search Search for packages and display associated information. The input is a MatchSpec, a query language for conda packages. See examples below.
update Updates conda packages to the latest compatible version.
upgrade Alias for conda update.
optional arguments:
-h, --help Show this help message and exit.
-V, --version Show the conda version number and exit.
conda commands available from other packages:
build
content-trust
convert
debug
develop
env
index
inspect
metapackage
render
repo
server
skeleton
token
verify
所以pycharm也需要设置解释器, 在Setting->Python Interpreter->
我们已在pycharm添加了base环境conda的python解释器, 此时pycharm里的python-opencv库也正常了