配置路由规则,使用children配置项:
routes:[
{
path:'/about',
component:About,
},
{
path:'/home',
component:Home,
children:[ //通过children配置子级路由
{
path:'news', //此处一定不要写:/news
component:News
},
{
path:'message',//此处一定不要写:/message
component:Message
}
]
}
]
跳转(要写完整路径):
<router-link to="/home/news">Newsrouter-link>
传递参数
<router-link :to="/home/message/detail?id=666&title=你好">跳转router-link>
<router-link
:to="{
path:'/home/message/detail',
query:{
id:666,
title:'你好'
}
}"
>跳转router-link>
接收参数:
$route.query.id
$route.query.title
作用:可以简化路由的跳转。
如何使用
给路由命名:
{
path:'/demo',
component:Demo,
children:[
{
path:'test',
component:Test,
children:[
{
name:'hello' //给路由命名
path:'welcome',
component:Hello,
}
]
}
]
}
简化跳转:
<router-link to="/demo/test/welcome">跳转router-link>
<router-link :to="{name:'hello'}">跳转router-link>
<router-link
:to="{
name:'hello',
query:{
id:666,
title:'你好'
}
}"
>跳转router-link>
配置路由,声明接收params参数
{
path:'/home',
component:Home,
children:[
{
path:'news',
component:News
},
{
component:Message,
children:[
{
name:'xiangqing',
path:'detail/:id/:title', //使用占位符声明接收params参数
component:Detail
}
]
}
]
}
传递参数
<router-link :to="/home/message/detail/666/你好">跳转router-link>
<router-link
:to="{
name:'xiangqing',
params:{
id:666,
title:'你好'
}
}"
>跳转router-link>
特别注意:路由携带params参数时,若使用to的对象写法,则不能使用path配置项,必须使用name配置!
接收参数:
$route.params.id
$route.params.title
作用:让路由组件更方便的收到参数
{
name:'xiangqing',
path:'detail/:id',
component:Detail,
//第一种写法:props值为对象,该对象中所有的key-value的组合最终都会通过props传给Detail组件
// props:{a:900}
//第二种写法:props值为布尔值,布尔值为true,则把路由收到的所有params参数通过props传给Detail组件
// props:true
//第三种写法:props值为函数,该函数返回的对象中每一组key-value都会通过props传给Detail组件
props(route){
return {
id:route.query.id,
title:route.query.title
}
}
}
< router-link>
的replace属性push
和replace
,push
是追加历史记录,replace
是替换当前记录。路由跳转时候默认为push
replace
模式:News
作用:不借助
实现路由跳转,让路由跳转更加灵活
具体编码:
//$router的两个API
this.$router.push({
name:'xiangqing',
params:{
id:xxx,
title:xxx
}
})
this.$router.replace({
name:'xiangqing',
params:{
id:xxx,
title:xxx
}
})
this.$router.forward() //前进
this.$router.back() //后退
this.$router.go() //可前进也可后退
作用:让不展示的路由组件保持挂载,不被销毁。
具体编码:
<keep-alive include="News">
<router-view>router-view>
keep-alive>
activated
路由组件被激活时触发。deactivated
路由组件失活时触发。import VueRouter from "vue-router";
//引入组件
import About from '../pages/About'
import Home from '../pages/Home'
import News from '../pages/News'
import Message from '../pages/Message'
import Detail from '../pages/Detail'
export default new VueRouter({
routes: [{
path: '/about',
component: About
},
{
path: '/home',
component: Home,
children: [{
path: 'news',
component: News,
},
{
path: 'message',
component: Message,
children: [{
name: 'detail',
path: 'detail/:id/:title',
component: Detail,
props(route) {
return {
id: route.params.id,
title: route.params.title
}
}
}]
},
]
},
]
})
App.vue
<template>
<div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-offset-2 col-xs-8">
<div class="page-header"><h2>Vue Router Demo</h2></div>
<button @click="back">后退</button>
<button @click="forward">前进</button>
<button @click="test">测试一下go</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-2 col-xs-offset-2">
<div class="list-group">
<!-- Vue中借助router-link标签实现路由的切换 -->
<router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/about">About</router-link>
<router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home">Home</router-link>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-xs-6">
<div class="panel">
<div class="panel-body">
<!-- 指定组件的呈现位置 -->
<router-view></router-view>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "App",
methods:{
back(){
this.$router.back()
console.log('回退了一步')
},
forward(){
this.$router.forward()
console.log('前进了一步')
},
test(){
this.$router.go(2)
console.log('前进了两步')
}
}
}
</script>
pages/About.vue
<template>
<h2>我是About的内容</h2>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'About',
}
</script>
pages/Detail.vue
<template>
<ul>
<li>消息编号:{{id}}</li>
<li>消息标题:{{title}}</li>
</ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Detail',
props:['id','title'],
mounted() {
console.log(this.$route)
},
}
</script>
pages/Home.vue
<template>
<div>
<h2>Home组件内容</h2>
<div>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li>
<router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home/news">News</router-link>
</li>
<li>
<router-link class="list-group-item" active-class="active" to="/home/message">Message</router-link>
</li>
</ul>
<!-- 缓存多个路由组件 -->
<!-- <keep-alive :include="['News','Message']"> -->
<!-- 缓存一个路由组件 -->
<keep-alive include="News">
<router-view></router-view>
</keep-alive>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Home',
}
</script>
pages/Message.vue
<template>
<div>
<ul>
<li v-for="m in messageList" :key="m.id">
<!-- 跳转路由并携带query参数,to的字符串写法 -->
<!-- <router-link :to="`/home/message/detail?id=${m.id}&title=${m.title}`">{{m.title}}</router-link> -->
<!-- //声明接收params参数 -->
<router-link :to="`/home/message/detail/${m.id}/${m.title}`">{{m.title}}</router-link>
<button @click="pushShow(m)">push查看</button>
<button @click="replaceShow(m)">replace查看</button>
<!-- 跳转路由并携带query参数,to的对象写法 -->
<!-- <router-link :to="{
name:'detail',
query:{
id:m.id,
title:m.title
}
}">
{{m.title}}
</router-link> -->
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<router-view></router-view>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'Message',
data() {
return {
messageList:[
{id:'001',title:'消息001'},
{id:'002',title:'消息002'},
{id:'003',title:'消息003'}
]
}
},
methods: {
pushShow(m){
console.log('调用了pushShow')
this.$router.push({
name:'detail',
params:{
id:m.id,
title:m.title
}
})
},
replaceShow(m){
console.log('调用了replaceShow')
this.$router.replace({
name:'detail',
params:{
id:m.id,
title:m.title
}
})
}
},
}
</script>
pages/News.vue
<template>
<ul>
<li :style="{opacity}">我是测试路由中钩子的例子</li>
<li>news001 <input type="text"></li>
<li>news002 <input type="text"></li>
<li>news003 <input type="text"></li>
</ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name:'News',
data() {
return {
opacity:1
}
},
beforeDestroy() {
console.log('News组件即将被销毁了')
},
activated() {
console.log('News组件被激活了')
this.timer = setInterval(() => {
this.opacity -= 0.01
if(this.opacity <= 0) this.opacity = 1
},16)
},
deactivated() {
console.log('News组件失活了')
clearInterval(this.timer)
},
}
</script>