-C#调用OpenCV(c++的.dll主要有两种常见的方式:托管和非托管两种形式!
- 非托管的形式即是采用[DllImport]的形式,这种形式只能调用的C++的函数,适合用于简单的图形处理调用,这也是非常便捷的方法,由于只是演示C#调用OpenCV(c++的.dll),本文主要采用该方法!
- 托管的形式用的是ref,可以调用C++类中的方法,适用于处理比较复杂的图形处理,特别是封装成类和方法,使得C#调用时处理复杂情景更好!
参考:
1.C#调用OpenCV(C++原版)思路和实现方法(小白教程)
2.C#调用C++ dll
新建DLL工程,然后主要在pch.h
和pch.cpp
中做出更改
// pch.h: 这是预编译标头文件。
// 下方列出的文件仅编译一次,提高了将来生成的生成性能。
// 这还将影响 IntelliSense 性能,包括代码完成和许多代码浏览功能。
// 但是,如果此处列出的文件中的任何一个在生成之间有更新,它们全部都将被重新编译。
// 请勿在此处添加要频繁更新的文件,这将使得性能优势无效。
#ifndef PCH_H
#define PCH_H
// 添加要在此处预编译的标头
#include "framework.h"
extern "C" _declspec(dllexport) int myAdd(int a, int b);
extern "C" _declspec(dllexport) int myMax(int a, int b);
extern"C" __declspec(dllexport)void Pow(int*x, double y);
#endif //PCH_H
//pch.cpp
#include"pch.h"
int myAdd(int a, int b)
{
return a + b;
}
int myMax(int a, int b)
{
return max(a, b);
}
void Pow(int*x, double y)
{
*x = pow(*x, y);
}
.\ConsoleApp1\bin\x64\Release
目录下using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
class Program
{
[DllImport(@"Dll2.dll", EntryPoint = "myAdd", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = false, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern int Add(int a, int b);
[DllImport("Dll1.dll", EntryPoint = "Pow", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern void Pow(ref int x, double y)
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(Add(1, 2));
int x = 3;
CPPDLL.Pow(ref x, 2);
Console.WriteLine(x);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
test_opencv.cpp
pch.h
及pch.cpp
中,两种方式只要保证程序可运行,编写方式均可#include "pch.h"
#include
extern"C" __declspec(dllexport)void Show()
{
cv::Mat src = cv::imread("E:\\parttime\\markdetectm\\datas\\1.bmp");
cv::namedWindow("src", cv::WINDOW_NORMAL);
cv::imshow("src", src);
cv::waitKey(0);
return;
}
DLL3/x64/release
下将生成.dll
.dl
l复制到bin/x64/release
路径下,编写demo并执行using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
namespace ConsoleApp6
{
class CPPDLL
{
[DllImport("Dll3.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
public static extern int Show();
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
CPPDLL.Show();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
func.h,func.cpp,cliclass.h,cliclass.cpp
//func.h
#pragma once
void show();
************************8
//func.cpp
#include "pch.h"
#include
void show()
{
cv::Mat src = cv::imread("E:\\parttime\\markdetectm\\datas\\1.bmp");
cv::namedWindow("src", cv::WINDOW_NORMAL);
cv::imshow("src", src);
cv::waitKey(0);
}
//cliclass.h
#pragma once
#include"pch.h"
public ref class cliclass
{
public:
cliclass(void);
~cliclass(void);
int member;
void showImage();
};
************************************
//cliclass.cpp
#include "pch.h"
#include "cliclass.h"
#include "func.h"
cliclass::cliclass(void)
{
}
cliclass::~cliclass(void)
{
}
void cliclass::showImage()
{
show();
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace ConsoleApp7
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
clrClass ClrClass = new clrClass();
ClrClass.showImage();
}
}
}
参考:C#调用C++ DLL动态链接库如何回传数组
//C++
extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) void __stdcall
function(int* retriveData, int idataCount)
{
for(int i = 0; i < idataCount, i++)
{
retriveData[i] = 100;
}
}
//C#
public class LibFunction
{
[DllImport("cplusDll", EntryPoint = "function"]
public static extern void function(IntPtr retriveData, int idataCount);
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int dataCount = 10;
int[] data = new int[dataCount];
GCHandle gch = GCHandle.Alloc(data); //将托管内存中的数据pin住,确保在dll中地地址不变
LibFunction.function(gch.AddrOfPinnedObject(), idataCount);
foreach(int i in dataCount)
{
Console.write(data[i].toString());
}
gch.Free(); //释放
}
}
//若C++定义函数中
function(const char* path,double* outputdata)
则C#中调用如下:
public class LibFunction
{
[DllImport("cplusDll", EntryPoint = "function"]
public static extern void function(string path,double[] data);
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string path_ = "./datas/1.bmp";
double[] data = new double[10];
CPPDLL.calOffset(path_, data);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
//c++:char * ---- c#:string //传入参数
//c++:char * ---- c#:StringBuilder//传出参数
//c++:char *变量名 ---- c#:ref string 变量名
//c++:char *输入变量名 ---- c#:string 输入变量名
//c++:char *输出变量名 ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] StringBuilder 输出变量名
//c++:SHORT(short) ---- c#:System.Int16
//c++:LONG(long) ---- c#:System.Int32
//C#调用C++的DLL搜集整理的所有数据类型转换方式,可能会有重复或者多种方案,自己多测试
//c++:HANDLE(void *) ---- c#:System.IntPtr
//c++:Byte(unsigned char) ---- c#:System.Byte
//c++:SHORT(short) ---- c#:System.Int16
//c++:WORD(unsigned short) ---- c#:System.UInt16
//c++:INT(int) ---- c#:System.Int16
//c++:INT(int) ---- c#:System.Int32
//c++:UINT(unsigned int) ---- c#:System.UInt16
//c++:UINT(unsigned int) ---- c#:System.UInt32
//c++:LONG(long) ---- c#:System.Int32
//c++:ULONG(unsigned long) ---- c#:System.UInt32
//c++:DWORD(unsigned long) ---- c#:System.UInt32
//c++:DECIMAL ---- c#:System.Decimal
//c++:BOOL(long) ---- c#:System.Boolean
//c++:CHAR(char) ---- c#:System.Char
//c++:LPSTR(char *) ---- c#:System.String
//c++:LPWSTR(wchar_t *) ---- c#:System.String
//c++:LPCSTR(const char *) ---- c#:System.String
//c++:LPCWSTR(const wchar_t *) ---- c#:System.String
//c++:PCAHR(char *) ---- c#:System.String
//c++:BSTR ---- c#:System.String
//c++:FLOAT(float) ---- c#:System.Single
//c++:DOUBLE(double) ---- c#:System.Double
//c++:VARIANT ---- c#:System.Object
//c++:PBYTE(byte *) ---- c#:System.Byte[]
//c++:BSTR ---- c#:StringBuilder
//c++:LPCTSTR ---- c#:StringBuilder
//c++:LPCTSTR ---- c#:string
//c++:LPTSTR ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] string
//c++:LPTSTR 输出变量名 ---- c#:StringBuilder 输出变量名
//c++:LPCWSTR ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:BOOL ---- c#:bool
//c++:HMODULE ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:HINSTANCE ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:结构体 ---- c#:public struct 结构体{};
//c++:结构体 **变量名 ---- c#:out 变量名 //C#中提前申明一个结构体实例化后的变量名
//c++:结构体 &变量名 ---- c#:ref 结构体 变量名
//c++:WORD ---- c#:ushort
//c++:DWORD ---- c#:uint
//c++:DWORD ---- c#:int
//c++:UCHAR ---- c#:int
//c++:UCHAR ---- c#:byte
//c++:UCHAR* ---- c#:string
//c++:UCHAR* ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:GUID ---- c#:Guid
//c++:Handle ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:HWND ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:DWORD ---- c#:int
//c++:COLORREF ---- c#:uint
//c++:unsigned char ---- c#:byte
//c++:unsigned char * ---- c#:ref byte
//c++:unsigned char * ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] byte[]
//c++:unsigned char * ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] Intptr
//c++:unsigned char & ---- c#:ref byte
//c++:unsigned char 变量名 ---- c#:byte 变量名
//c++:unsigned short 变量名 ---- c#:ushort 变量名
//c++:unsigned int 变量名 ---- c#:uint 变量名
//c++:unsigned long 变量名 ---- c#:ulong 变量名
//c++:char 变量名 ---- c#:byte 变量名 //C++中一个字符用一个字节表示,C#中一个字符用两个字节表示
//c++:char 数组名[数组大小] ---- c#:MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 数组大小)] public string 数组名; ushort
//c++:char * ---- c#:string //传入参数
//c++:char * ---- c#:StringBuilder//传出参数
//c++:char *变量名 ---- c#:ref string 变量名
//c++:char *输入变量名 ---- c#:string 输入变量名
//c++:char *输出变量名 ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] StringBuilder 输出变量名
//c++:char ** ---- c#:string
//c++:char **变量名 ---- c#:ref string 变量名
//c++:const char * ---- c#:string
//c++:char[] ---- c#:string
//c++:char 变量名[数组大小] ---- c#:[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr,SizeConst=数组大小)] public string 变量名;
//c++:struct 结构体名 *变量名 ---- c#:ref 结构体名 变量名
//c++:委托 变量名 ---- c#:委托 变量名
//c++:int ---- c#:int
//c++:int ---- c#:ref int
//c++:int & ---- c#:ref int
//c++:int * ---- c#:ref int //C#中调用前需定义int 变量名 = 0;
//c++:*int ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:int32 PIPTR * ---- c#:int32[]
//c++:float PIPTR * ---- c#:float[]
//c++:double** 数组名 ---- c#:ref double 数组名
//c++:double*[] 数组名 ---- c#:ref double 数组名
//c++:long ---- c#:int
//c++:ulong ---- c#:int
//c++:UINT8 * ---- c#:ref byte //C#中调用前需定义byte 变量名 = new byte();
//c++:handle ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:hwnd ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:void * ---- c#:IntPtr
//c++:void * user_obj_param ---- c#:IntPtr user_obj_param
//c++:void * 对象名称 ---- c#:([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.AsAny)]Object 对象名称
//c++:char, INT8, SBYTE, CHAR ---- c#:System.SByte
//c++:short, short int, INT16, SHORT ---- c#:System.Int16
//c++:int, long, long int, INT32, LONG32, BOOL , INT ---- c#:System.Int32
//c++:__int64, INT64, LONGLONG ---- c#:System.Int64
//c++:unsigned char, UINT8, UCHAR , BYTE ---- c#:System.Byte
//c++:unsigned short, UINT16, USHORT, WORD, ATOM, WCHAR , __wchar_t ---- c#:System.UInt16
//c++:unsigned, unsigned int, UINT32, ULONG32, DWORD32, ULONG, DWORD, UINT ---- c#:System.UInt32
//c++:unsigned __int64, UINT64, DWORDLONG, ULONGLONG ---- c#:System.UInt64
//c++:float, FLOAT ---- c#:System.Single
//c++:double, long double, DOUBLE ---- c#:System.Double
//Win32 Types ---- CLR Type
//Struct需要在C#里重新定义一个Struct
//CallBack回调函数需要封装在一个委托里,delegate static extern int FunCallBack(string str);
//unsigned char** ppImage替换成IntPtr ppImage
//int& nWidth替换成ref int nWidth
//int*, int&, 则都可用 ref int 对应
//双针指类型参数,可以用 ref IntPtr
//函数指针使用c++: typedef double (*fun_type1)(double); 对应 c#:public delegate double fun_type1(double);
//char* 的操作c++: char*; 对应 c#:StringBuilder;
//c#中使用指针:在需要使用指针的地方 加 unsafe
//unsigned char对应public byte
/*
* typedef void (*CALLBACKFUN1W)(wchar_t*, void* pArg);
* typedef void (*CALLBACKFUN1A)(char*, void* pArg);
* bool BIOPRINT_SENSOR_API dllFun1(CALLBACKFUN1 pCallbackFun1, void* pArg);
* 调用方式为
* [UnmanagedFunctionPointer(CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
* public delegate void CallbackFunc1([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder strName, IntPtr pArg);
*
*/