目录
1--直方图均衡化
2--直方图计算
① 简述:
对图片的对比度进行调整,输入为灰度图像,对亮度进行归一化处理,提高灰度图的对比度;
② Opencv API:
cv::equalizeHist(gray, dst);
③ 代码实例:
# include
# include
# include
int main(int argc, char** argv){
cv::Mat src;
src = cv::imread("C:/Users/Liujinfu/Desktop/opencv_bilibili/test1.jpg");
if (src.empty()){
printf("could not load image..\n");
return -1;
}
cv::imshow("input", src);
cv::Mat gray, dst;
cv::cvtColor(src, gray, cv::COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
cv::imshow("gray", gray);
cv::equalizeHist(gray, dst);
cv::imshow("output", dst);
cv::waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
① Opencv API:
void cv::calcHist(const cv::Mat *images, int nimages, const int *channels, cv::InputArray mask, cv::OutputArray hist, int dims, const int *histSize, const float **ranges, bool uniform = true, bool accumulate = false);
参数简要分析:(具体参数解释见Opencv API)
const cv::Mat *images:输入图像
int nimages:输入图像的数目,第一幅图像的通道标号从 0 到 image[0].channels( ) - 1
const int *channels:需要统计的通道 dim
cv::InputArray mask:掩码,大小和 image 一致,其中把需要处理的部分部分指定为 1,不需要处理的部分指定为0,一般设置为 None,表示处理整幅图像;
cv::OutputArray hist:输出的灰度分布数组
int dims:hist 的维度
const int *histSize:hist 的大小,即直方图横坐标的范围
const float **ranges:hist 的范围,即直方图纵坐标的范围
bool uniform = true:是否归一化
② 代码实例:
# include
# include
# include
int main(int argc, char** argv){
cv::Mat src;
src = cv::imread("C:/Users/Liujinfu/Desktop/opencv_bilibili/test1.jpg");
if (src.empty()){
printf("could not load image..\n");
return -1;
}
cv::imshow("input", src);
// 分通道显示
std::vector bgr_planes;
cv::split(src, bgr_planes);
// 计算直方图
int histSize = 256;
float range[] = {0, 256};
const float *histRanges = {range};
cv::Mat b_hist, g_hist, r_hist;
cv::calcHist(&bgr_planes[0], 1, 0, cv::Mat(), b_hist, 1, &histSize, &histRanges, true, false);
cv::calcHist(&bgr_planes[1], 1, 0, cv::Mat(), g_hist, 1, &histSize, &histRanges, true, false);
cv::calcHist(&bgr_planes[2], 1, 0, cv::Mat(), r_hist, 1, &histSize, &histRanges, true, false);
// 归一化
int hist_h = 400;
int hist_w = 600;
int bin_w = hist_w / histSize;
cv::Mat histImage(hist_w, hist_h, CV_8UC3, cv::Scalar(0, 0, 0));
cv::normalize(b_hist, b_hist, 0, hist_h, cv::NORM_MINMAX, -1, cv::Mat()); // 归一化到(0, hist_h)
cv::normalize(g_hist, g_hist, 0, hist_h, cv::NORM_MINMAX, -1, cv::Mat());
cv::normalize(r_hist, r_hist, 0, hist_h, cv::NORM_MINMAX, -1, cv::Mat());
// 绘制直方图(直方图坐标和画图坐标不同,画图坐标从左上角开始,即左上角为零点)
for(int i = 1; i < histSize; i++){
cv::line(histImage, cv::Point((i - 1) * bin_w, hist_h - cvRound(b_hist.at(i - 1))),
cv::Point((i)*bin_w, hist_h - cvRound(b_hist.at(i))), cv::Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, cv::LINE_AA);
cv::line(histImage, cv::Point((i - 1) * bin_w, hist_h - cvRound(g_hist.at(i - 1))),
cv::Point((i)*bin_w, hist_h - cvRound(g_hist.at(i))), cv::Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2, cv::LINE_AA);
cv::line(histImage, cv::Point((i - 1) * bin_w, hist_h - cvRound(r_hist.at(i - 1))),
cv::Point((i)*bin_w, hist_h - cvRound(r_hist.at(i))), cv::Scalar(0, 0, 255), 2, cv::LINE_AA);
}
cv::imshow("output", histImage);
cv::waitKey(0);
return 0;
}