OpenCV 安装 以及在visual studio上的配置

本文利用opencv 2.4.5与vs2010， 其他opencv版本和vs版本均通用，只需更改少部分，照此步骤，能够一次成功。

原文链接：http://opencv-srf.blogspot.com/2013/05/installing-configuring-opencv-with-vs.html

In this tutorial, I am using OpenCV 2.4.5 and Visual Studio 2012. But it is almost same for other versions of OpenCV and Visual Studio.

If you want, you can refer to the older post  Installing & Configuring OpenCV2.1 with Visual Studio  2010 .

There are 2 ways to install OpenCV into your computer. But for a beginner, the most suitable way is the installation by using the pre-built libraries. So, I am going to discuss how to install OpenCV by using pre-built libraries.

First of all you should have a suitable IDE. I installed  Visual Studio Express 2012  which is a free edition. (You will need to register by giving your email address to obtain the free product key).

Then you have to download OpenCV from  here . You can choose whatever version, you want. I choose OpenCV 2.4.5.

Then double click the downloaded 'OpenCV-2.4.5.exe' file and it will be extracted to whatever location, you give. I gave C:\ as the extracting location.

Then you will need to set up environment variables correctly to be able to use OpenCV.


Steps to Set up Environmental Variable

• Right click on 'My Computer' and click 'Properties' in the drop down menu. You will see a window like this.

Find Bitness of a Computer

Here the System type is  32 bit  operating system. So the system architecture is  x86 .
If the system type is  64 bit  operating system, the system architecture is  x64 .

Both Visual Studio 2012 and OpenCV2.4.5  supports vc11. So, in this tutorial, I am going to use  vc11  as the compiler type. You can find supporting compiler types of OpenCV, if you go to  C:\opencv\build\x86  or  C:\opencv\build\x64  according to your system architecture.

Remember your  system architecture  and expected  compiler type  because you will need this in the middle part of this post.

• Now you are ready to set the environment variables. This can be done in the command line or by using GUI. I am going to explain the GUI method.
  • Right click on 'My Computer' and click 'Properties' in the drop down menu. You will see a window like this. 

• Click 'Advance System Settings' in the above window

• Then click 'Environment Variables'

• Then click 'New' button at the bottom of the window

• Type OPENCV_DIR against Variable name:. And type the location C:\opencv\build\ against the Variable value:. 

• Then press OK

Now you have added a new environment variable to the system.

Now you are going to edit a system variable.

• click 'Path' or 'PATH' inside the list of System variables and then click 'Edit' button at the bottom of the window 

• Then add a ; to the end of the line and add the following %OPENCV_DIR%\x86\vc11\bin  after the semicolon. x86 is your system architecture and vc11 is the compiler type. How to find your system architecture and compiler type is explained at the beginning of the post. (Don't delete anything. Just append it at the end of the line.)

Hooray!! You have completed the installation of OpenCV. Next thing you have to do is configuring Visual Studio.

Configure Visual Studio Express

• Start Microsoft Visual Studio
• Go to File>New Project...
• Do everything as shown in the below image and click OK and then click Finish.

• Press 'Ctrl' key and then 'W' while holding the 'Ctrl' key in your keyboard. Release both keys. Then press 'S' in your keyboard. Then you will see the 'Solution Explorer' pane in your right or left side of the Visual Studio window. In my case, it is in the right side.

• Then right click on the project name (you have entered this name in a previous step) and then click 'Properties'

• Choose 'All Configurations' as indicated in the 1st box. Click the 3 places as pointed by next 3 boxes in the given order. Then copy and paste $(OPENCV_DIR)\include against the 'Additional Include Directories'

• Click the first 2 places as pointed by first 2 boxes in the given order.Then copy and paste $(OPENCV_DIR)\x86\vc11\lib against the 'Additional Library Directories' 

• Click as illustrated below

• After you click the (4th arrow in the above image), dialog box will appear and you have to copy and paste following library file names. If you are using a different version of OpenCV other than 2.4.5, please check the 'C:\opencv\build\x86\vc11\lib' location for respective file names.

opencv_calib3d245d.lib

opencv_contrib245d.lib

opencv_core245d.lib

opencv_features2d245d.lib

opencv_flann245d.lib

opencv_gpu245d.lib

opencv_haartraining_engined.lib

opencv_highgui245d.lib

opencv_imgproc245d.lib

opencv_legacy245d.lib

opencv_ml245d.lib

opencv_nonfree245d.lib

opencv_objdetect245d.lib

opencv_photo245d.lib

opencv_stitching245d.lib

opencv_superres245d.lib

opencv_ts245d.lib

opencv_video245d.lib

opencv_videostab245d.lib

These are some of the file names, you can find in the 'C:\opencv\build\x86\vc11' location.

Now click OK

Congratulations!! You have done with all of the configurations of your IDE. Now you are ready to write your first OpenCV application.