我们平时开发项目的时候,经常会需要远程调用下其他服务提供的接口,于是我们会使用一些HTTP工具类比如Hutool提供的HttpUtil。前不久SpringBoot 3.0发布了,出了一个
Http Interface
的新特性,它允许我们使用声明式服务调用的方式来调用远程接口,今天我们就来聊聊它的使用!
SpringBoot实战电商项目mall(50k+star)地址:github.com/macrozheng/…
Http Interface
让你可以像定义Java接口那样定义HTTP服务,而且用法和你平时写Controller中方法完全一致。它会为这些HTTP服务接口自动生成代理实现类,底层是基于Webflux的WebClient实现的。
使用声明式服务调用确实够优雅,下面是一段使用Http Interface
声明的Http服务代码。
在SpringBoot 3.0中使用
Http Interface
是非常简单的,下面我们就来体验下。
pom.xml
中定义好SpringBoot的版本为3.0.0
;
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
3.0.0
复制代码
Java 17
,我们需要先安装好JDK 17,安装完成后配置项目的SDK版本为Java 17
,JDK下载地址:www.oracle.com/cn/java/tec…Http Interface
需要依赖webflux来实现,我们还需添加它的依赖。
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-webflux
复制代码
下面以调用
mall-tiny-swagger
中的接口为例,我们来体验下Http Interface
的基本使用。
mall-tiny-swagger
这个Demo,打开Swagger看下,里面有一个登录接口和需要登录认证的商品品牌CRUD接口,项目地址:github.com/macrozheng/…application.yml
中配置好mall-tiny-swagger
的服务地址;remote:
baseUrl: http://localhost:8088/
复制代码
@HttpExchange
声明一个Http服务,使用@PostExchange
注解表示进行POST请求;/**
* @auther macrozheng
* @description 定义Http接口,用于调用远程的UmsAdmin服务
* @date 2022/1/19
* @github https://github.com/macrozheng
*/
@HttpExchange
public interface UmsAdminApi {
@PostExchange("admin/login")
CommonResult login(@RequestParam("username") String username, @RequestParam("password") String password);
}
复制代码
/**
* @auther macrozheng
* @description 定义Http接口,用于调用远程的PmsBrand服务
* @date 2022/1/19
* @github https://github.com/macrozheng
*/
@HttpExchange
public interface PmsBrandApi {
@GetExchange("brand/list")
CommonResult> list(@RequestParam("pageNum") Integer pageNum, @RequestParam("pageSize") Integer pageSize);
@GetExchange("brand/{id}")
CommonResult detail(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
@PostExchange("brand/create")
CommonResult create(@RequestBody PmsBrand pmsBrand);
@PostExchange("brand/update/{id}")
CommonResult update(@PathVariable("id") Long id, @RequestBody PmsBrand pmsBrand);
@GetExchange("brand/delete/{id}")
CommonResult delete(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}
复制代码
TokenHolder
这个类,把token存储到了Session中;/**
* @auther macrozheng
* @description 登录token存储(在Session中)
* @date 2022/1/19
* @github https://github.com/macrozheng
*/
@Component
public class TokenHolder {
/**
* 添加token
*/
public void putToken(String token) {
RequestAttributes ra = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) ra).getRequest();
request.getSession().setAttribute("token", token);
}
/**
* 获取token
*/
public String getToken() {
RequestAttributes ra = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) ra).getRequest();
Object token = request.getSession().getAttribute("token");
if(token!=null){
return (String) token;
}
return null;
}
}
复制代码
@Configuration
public class HttpInterfaceConfig {
@Value("${remote.baseUrl}")
private String baseUrl;
@Autowired
private TokenHolder tokenHolder;
@Bean
WebClient webClient() {
return WebClient.builder()
//添加全局默认请求头
.defaultHeader("source", "http-interface")
//给请求添加过滤器,添加自定义的认证头
.filter((request, next) -> {
ClientRequest filtered = ClientRequest.from(request)
.header("Authorization", tokenHolder.getToken())
.build();
return next.exchange(filtered);
})
.baseUrl(baseUrl).build();
}
@Bean
UmsAdminApi umsAdminApi(WebClient client) {
HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory.builder(WebClientAdapter.forClient(client)).build();
return factory.createClient(UmsAdminApi.class);
}
@Bean
PmsBrandApi pmsBrandApi(WebClient client) {
HttpServiceProxyFactory factory = HttpServiceProxyFactory.builder(WebClientAdapter.forClient(client)).build();
return factory.createClient(PmsBrandApi.class);
}
}
复制代码
/**
* @auther macrozheng
* @description HttpInterface测试接口
* @date 2022/1/19
* @github https://github.com/macrozheng
*/
@RestController
@Api(tags = "HttpInterfaceController")
@Tag(name = "HttpInterfaceController", description = "HttpInterface测试接口")
@RequestMapping("/remote")
public class HttpInterfaceController {
@Autowired
private UmsAdminApi umsAdminApi;
@Autowired
private PmsBrandApi pmsBrandApi;
@Autowired
private TokenHolder tokenHolder;
@ApiOperation(value = "调用远程登录接口获取token")
@PostMapping(value = "/admin/login")
public CommonResult login(@RequestParam String username, @RequestParam String password) {
CommonResult result = umsAdminApi.login(username, password);
LoginInfo loginInfo = result.getData();
if (result.getData() != null) {
tokenHolder.putToken(loginInfo.getTokenHead() + " " + loginInfo.getToken());
}
return result;
}
@ApiOperation("调用远程接口分页查询品牌列表")
@GetMapping(value = "/brand/list")
public CommonResult> listBrand(@RequestParam(value = "pageNum", defaultValue = "1")
@ApiParam("页码") Integer pageNum,
@RequestParam(value = "pageSize", defaultValue = "3")
@ApiParam("每页数量") Integer pageSize) {
return pmsBrandApi.list(pageNum, pageSize);
}
@ApiOperation("调用远程接口获取指定id的品牌详情")
@GetMapping(value = "/brand/{id}")
public CommonResult brand(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
return pmsBrandApi.detail(id);
}
@ApiOperation("调用远程接口添加品牌")
@PostMapping(value = "/brand/create")
public CommonResult createBrand(@RequestBody PmsBrand pmsBrand) {
return pmsBrandApi.create(pmsBrand);
}
@ApiOperation("调用远程接口更新指定id品牌信息")
@PostMapping(value = "/brand/update/{id}")
public CommonResult updateBrand(@PathVariable("id") Long id, @RequestBody PmsBrand pmsBrand) {
return pmsBrandApi.update(id,pmsBrand);
}
@ApiOperation("调用远程接口删除指定id的品牌")
@GetMapping(value = "/delete/{id}")
public CommonResult deleteBrand(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
return pmsBrandApi.delete(id);
}
}
复制代码
Http Interface
让我们只需定义接口,无需定义方法实现就能进行远程HTTP调用,确实非常方便!但是其实现依赖Webflux的WebClient,在我们使用SpringMVC时会造成一定的麻烦,如果能独立出来就更好了!