Redis的分布式锁实现
分布式锁一般有三种实现方式：
1. 数据库乐观锁；
2. 基于Redis的分布式锁；
3. 基于ZooKeeper的分布式锁。
分布式锁：当多个进程不在同一个系统中，用分布式锁控制多个进程对资源的访问
分布式锁的使用场景： 线程间并发问题和进程间并发问题都是可以通过分布式锁解决的，但是强烈不建议这样做！
分布式锁的实现（Redis）
几个要用到的redis命令：
setnx(key, value)：“set if not exits”，若该key-value不存在，则成功加入缓存并且返回1，否则返回0。
get(key)：获得key对应的value值，若不存在则返回nil。
getset(key, value)：先获取key对应的value值，若不存在则返回nil，然后将旧的value更新为新的value。
expire(key, seconds)：设置key-value的有效期为seconds秒。
代码实现：
依赖引入：
redis.clients
jedis
public class RedisPool {
private static JedisPool pool;//jedis连接池
private static int maxTotal = 20;//最大连接数
private static int maxIdle = 10;//最大空闲连接数
private static int minIdle = 5;//最小空闲连接数
private static boolean testOnBorrow = true;//在取连接时测试连接的可用性
private static boolean testOnReturn = false;//再还连接时不测试连接的可用性
static {
initPool();//初始化连接池
}
public static Jedis getJedis(){
return pool.getResource();
}
public static void close(Jedis jedis){
jedis.close();
}
private static void initPool(){
JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
config.setMaxTotal(maxTotal);
config.setMaxIdle(maxIdle);
config.setMinIdle(minIdle);
config.setTestOnBorrow(testOnBorrow);
config.setTestOnReturn(testOnReturn);
config.setBlockWhenExhausted(true);
pool = new JedisPool(config, “127.0.0.1”, 6379, 5000, “liqiyao”);
}
}Jedis的api进行封装:
public class RedisPoolUtil {
private RedisPoolUtil(){}
private static RedisPool redisPool;
public static String get(String key){
Jedis jedis = null;
String result = null;
try {
jedis = RedisPool.getJedis();
result = jedis.get(key);
} catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (jedis != null) {
jedis.close();
}
return result;
}
}
public static Long setnx(String key, String value){
Jedis jedis = null;
Long result = null;
try {
jedis = RedisPool.getJedis();
result = jedis.setnx(key, value);
} catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (jedis != null) {
jedis.close();
}
return result;
}
}
public static String getSet(String key, String value){
Jedis jedis = null;
String result = null;
try {
jedis = RedisPool.getJedis();
result = jedis.getSet(key, value);
} catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (jedis != null) {
jedis.close();
}
return result;
}
}
public static Long expire(String key, int seconds){
Jedis jedis = null;
Long result = null;
try {
jedis = RedisPool.getJedis();
result = jedis.expire(key, seconds);
} catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (jedis != null) {
jedis.close();
}
return result;
}
}
public static Long del(String key){
Jedis jedis = null;
Long result = null;
try {
jedis = RedisPool.getJedis();
result = jedis.del(key);
} catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (jedis != null) {
jedis.close();
}
return result;
}
}
}分布式锁工具类：
public class DistributedLockUtil {
private DistributedLockUtil(){
}
public static boolean lock(String lockName){//lockName可以为共享变量名，也可以为方法名，主要是用于模拟锁信息
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread() + “开始尝试加锁！”);
Long result = RedisPoolUtil.setnx(lockName, String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis() + 5000));
if (result != null && result.intValue() == 1){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread() + “加锁成功！”);
RedisPoolUtil.expire(lockName, 5);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread() + “执行业务逻辑！”);
RedisPoolUtil.del(lockName);
return true;
} else {
String lockValueA = RedisPoolUtil.get(lockName);
if (lockValueA != null && Long.parseLong(lockValueA) >= System.currentTimeMillis()){
String lockValueB = RedisPoolUtil.getSet(lockName, String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis() + 5000));
if (lockValueB == null || lockValueB.equals(lockValueA)){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread() + “加锁成功！”);
RedisPoolUtil.expire(lockName, 5);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread() + “执行业务逻辑！”);
RedisPoolUtil.del(lockName);
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
} else {
return false;
}
}
}
}加锁代码:
public class RedisTool {
private static final String LOCK_SUCCESS = "OK";
private static final String SET_IF_NOT_EXIST = "NX";
private static final String SET_WITH_EXPIRE_TIME = "PX";
/**
* 尝试获取分布式锁
* @param jedis Redis客户端
* @param lockKey 锁
* @param requestId 请求标识
* @param expireTime 超期时间
* @return 是否获取成功
*/
public static boolean tryGetDistributedLock(Jedis jedis, String lockKey, String requestId, int expireTime) {
String result = jedis.set(lockKey, requestId, SET_IF_NOT_EXIST, SET_WITH_EXPIRE_TIME, expireTime);
if (LOCK_SUCCESS.equals(result)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}解锁代码:
public class RedisTool {
private static final Long RELEASE_SUCCESS = 1L;
/**
* 释放分布式锁
* @param jedis Redis客户端
* @param lockKey 锁
* @param requestId 请求标识
* @return 是否释放成功
*/
public static boolean releaseDistributedLock(Jedis jedis, String lockKey, String requestId) {
String script = "if redis.call('get', KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1] then return redis.call('del', KEYS[1]) else return 0 end";
Object result = jedis.eval(script, Collections.singletonList(lockKey), Collections.singletonList(requestId));
if (RELEASE_SUCCESS.equals(result)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}基于redisson分布式锁
配置文件:
org.redisson
redisson
3.11.2
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-data-redis
@Autowired
private RedissonClient redissonClient;
@RequestMapping("/redissonLock")
public String redissonLock() throws InterruptedException {
RLock rLock = redissonClient.getLock("order");
log.info("我进入了方法");
rLock.lock(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
log.info("获得了锁");
Thread.sleep(15000);
log.info("释放了锁");
rLock.unlock();
log.info("方法执行完成");
return "方法执行完成";
}