【leetcode刷题笔记】Recover Binary Search Tree

Two elements of a binary search tree (BST) are swapped by mistake.

Recover the tree without changing its structure.

Note:
A solution using O(n) space is pretty straight forward. Could you devise a constant space solution?


 

题解:需要找到二叉搜索树中乱序的两个节点,并把它们交换回来。

【leetcode刷题笔记】Recover Binary Search Tree

排序二叉树的中序遍历得到的一定是一个递增序列,例如上述所示的BST,中序遍历得到的序列为1,3,5,9,11,15,20。假设错位的是3和11,那么错位后的树如下图所示

【leetcode刷题笔记】Recover Binary Search Tree   

用遍历firstNode和secondNode表示错位的两个点,那么在中序遍历过程中,第一个错位点后面的点一定比它小(5比11小,11才是错位的点);第二个错位点一定比它前面的点小(3比9小)。采用递归的方法中序遍历BST,如果当前遍历的点root比它前面的点prev的值小,有两种可能,第一种是prev是第一个错位的点,此时firstNode变量为空,则将firstNode赋值为prev(代码中第24行);第二种是root是第二个错位的点,此时firstNode变量部位空,将secondNode变量赋值为root(代码中第22行)。

代码如下:

 1 /**

 2  * Definition for binary tree

 3  * public class TreeNode {

 4  *     int val;

 5  *     TreeNode left;

 6  *     TreeNode right;

 7  *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }

 8  * }

 9  */

10 public class Solution {

11     private TreeNode firstNode = null;

12     private TreeNode secondNode = null;

13     private TreeNode prev = null;

14     

15     private void traverse(TreeNode root){

16         if(root == null)

17             return;

18         

19         traverse(root.left);

20         

21         if(prev != null && root.val < prev.val){

22             secondNode = root;

23             if(firstNode == null)

24                 firstNode = prev;

25         }

26         prev = root;

27         traverse(root.right);

28             

29     }

30     

31     public void recoverTree(TreeNode root) {

32         traverse(root);

33         

34         int temp = firstNode.val;

35         firstNode.val = secondNode.val;

36         secondNode.val = temp;

37     }

38 }

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