基于V3.1.1
EventBus 官方地址
EventBus GitHub地址
EventBus 是什么
概念:EventBus是一个Android事件发布/订阅框架
同类:Otto、RxBus
出品方:greenrobot
EventBus 优缺点
优点
- 通过消息总线形式,解耦发布者和订阅者,简化Android事件传递,从而代替Android传统的Intent、Handler、Broadcast方式或接口回调
- 支持注解配置消息
不足
- 消息事件满天飞,维护难
- 无延迟发送
- 不支持跨进程/App
- Android生命周期无感知
EventBus 工作原理
消息发布和订阅模型
生产者:发布者发布消息
消费者:订阅者注册消息
调度中心: 执行消息的分发到位
线程切换
主要就是两个切换,主线程切子线程,子线程切主线程
一个进程内通过Looper.getMainLooper可以顺利切换到主线程
子线程通过是通过主线程执行某个线程,自动切换,也可以借助ThreadLocal缓存对象来切换
参考:Android线程消息机制
EventBus 类图
- EventBus:核心类,代表了一个事件总线。实现发布-订阅模式。
- SubscriberMethodFinder:寻找订阅者的订阅方法
- FindState:寻找订阅方法过程中的缓存Buffer,目的内存复用
- SubscriberMethod:订阅者的方法封装类
- Subscription:订阅者对象的封装
- ThreadMode:线程模型,用来标识不同线程执行消息
- PostingThreadState:消息发布状态封装
- Poster:不同线程消息发布器
EventBus 订阅-发布时序图
EventBus 订阅-发布流程图
订阅流程源码分析
EventBus.getDefault
获取EventBus单例,
// 提供默认单例 EventBus
public static EventBus getDefault() {
EventBus instance = defaultInstance;
if (instance == null) {
synchronized (EventBus.class) {
instance = EventBus.defaultInstance;
if (instance == null) {
instance = EventBus.defaultInstance = new EventBus();
}
}
}
return instance;
}
EventBus(EventBusBuilder builder) {
logger = builder.getLogger();
// <订阅事件类型,订阅对象集合>
subscriptionsByEventType = new HashMap<>();
// <订阅者,订阅事件类型集合>
typesBySubscriber = new HashMap<>();
// 粘性事件 map
stickyEvents = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
// 主线程支持类
mainThreadSupport = builder.getMainThreadSupport();
// 主线程分发者
mainThreadPoster = mainThreadSupport != null ? mainThreadSupport.createPoster(this) : null;
// 后天线程分发者
backgroundPoster = new BackgroundPoster(this);
// 异步现场分发者
asyncPoster = new AsyncPoster(this);
indexCount = builder.subscriberInfoIndexes != null ? builder.subscriberInfoIndexes.size() : 0;
// 订阅方法寻找器
subscriberMethodFinder = new SubscriberMethodFinder(builder.subscriberInfoIndexes,
builder.strictMethodVerification, builder.ignoreGeneratedIndex);
logSubscriberExceptions = builder.logSubscriberExceptions;
logNoSubscriberMessages = builder.logNoSubscriberMessages;
sendSubscriberExceptionEvent = builder.sendSubscriberExceptionEvent;
sendNoSubscriberEvent = builder.sendNoSubscriberEvent;
throwSubscriberException = builder.throwSubscriberException;
// 是否执行分发父类事件类型
eventInheritance = builder.eventInheritance;
// 线程执行器
executorService = builder.executorService;
}
EventBus.register
- 获取订阅者Class
- 通过反射,获取Class的所有订阅方法集合
- 遍历订阅方法集合,存储两个Map,Map<订阅事件类型,订阅对象集合>, Map<订阅者,订阅事件集合>
- 如果订阅的是Stick事件类型,则直接寻找对应事件,然后分发到订阅方法
public void register(Object subscriber) {
// 获取 订阅对象的 Class
Class> subscriberClass = subscriber.getClass();
// 通过注解反射拿到 订阅Class的订阅方法
List subscriberMethods = subscriberMethodFinder.findSubscriberMethods(subscriberClass);
synchronized (this) {
for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : subscriberMethods) {
// 注册 订阅
subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
}
}
}
SubscriberMethodFinder.findSubscriberMethods
- 先从内存缓存 Map<订阅对象Class,订阅对象Class的订阅方法> 找
- 然后通过反射方法获取订阅者Class的所有订阅方法
- Map 存储
- 返回订阅者的订阅方法集合
List findSubscriberMethods(Class> subscriberClass) {
// 内存缓存 Map<订阅对象Class,订阅对象Class的订阅方法>
List subscriberMethods = METHOD_CACHE.get(subscriberClass);
if (subscriberMethods != null) {
return subscriberMethods;
}
if (ignoreGeneratedIndex) { // 默认false
subscriberMethods = findUsingReflection(subscriberClass);
} else {
// 反射查找所有订阅方法
subscriberMethods = findUsingInfo(subscriberClass);
}
if (subscriberMethods.isEmpty()) {
throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriberClass
+ " and its super classes have no public methods with the @Subscribe annotation");
} else {
// map存储
METHOD_CACHE.put(subscriberClass, subscriberMethods);
return subscriberMethods;
}
SubscriberMethodFinder.findUsingInfo
- 通过FIND_STATE_POOL构建FindState,用做找寻订阅方法时的缓存对象
- 执行反射寻找订阅者的订阅方法,存储到FindState中
- 循环遍历找订阅者的父类的订阅方法
- 返回订阅者的订阅方法集合,并释放FindState
private List findUsingInfo(Class> subscriberClass) {
// FindState 在寻找订阅方法过程中 用于存储相关信息,为了内存复用,通过FIND_STATE_POOL维护了4个FindState来循环使用
FindState findState = prepareFindState();
findState.initForSubscriber(subscriberClass);
while (findState.clazz != null) {
// 获取SubscriberInfo 包含订阅者Class、Methods等
findState.subscriberInfo = getSubscriberInfo(findState);
if (findState.subscriberInfo != null) {
... // 如果有 ,直接遍历 设置methods数据
} else {
// 执行 反射获取订阅methods
findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(findState);
}
// 父类Class,然后继续遍历找所有订阅方法
findState.moveToSuperclass();
}
// 返回订阅者的订阅方法集合,并释放FindState
return getMethodsAndRelease(findState);
}
private List getMethodsAndRelease(FindState findState) {
List subscriberMethods = new ArrayList<>(findState.subscriberMethods);
findState.recycle();
synchronized (FIND_STATE_POOL) {
for (int i = 0; i < POOL_SIZE; i++) {
if (FIND_STATE_POOL[i] == null) {
FIND_STATE_POOL[i] = findState;
break;
}
}
}
return subscriberMethods;
}
SubscriberMethodFinder.findUsingReflectionInSingleClass
遍历类中所有方法,寻找目标订阅方法,封装成SubscriberMethod存储到findState的subscriberMethods集合中
private void findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(FindState findState) {
Method[] methods;
try {
// 获取所有声明的方法
methods = findState.clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
}
...
// 遍历方法
for (Method method : methods) {
int modifiers = method.getModifiers();
// 找 public 方法
if ((modifiers & Modifier.PUBLIC) != 0 && (modifiers & MODIFIERS_IGNORE) == 0) {
// 找参数为1的方法
Class>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
if (parameterTypes.length == 1) {
// 找 含有 Subscribe注解的方法
Subscribe subscribeAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(Subscribe.class);
if (subscribeAnnotation != null) {
Class> eventType = parameterTypes[0];
if (findState.checkAdd(method, eventType)) {
// 添加 ThreadMode
ThreadMode threadMode = subscribeAnnotation.threadMode();
// findState 添加订阅的方法
findState.subscriberMethods.add(new SubscriberMethod(method, eventType, threadMode,
subscribeAnnotation.priority(), subscribeAnnotation.sticky()));
}
}
}
}
}
EventBus.subscribe
private void subscribe(Object subscriber, SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod) {
// 事件类型 (订阅的事件)
Class> eventType = subscriberMethod.eventType;
// 构造 Subscription (封装订阅对象及对应方法)
Subscription newSubscription = new Subscription(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
// 针对eventType取对应的 CopyOnWriteArrayList【主要用来实现事件优先级接受】
CopyOnWriteArrayList subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventType);
if (subscriptions == null) { // 没有,则创建 订阅集合
subscriptions = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
// 存储 <订阅事件类型,订阅对象集合>
subscriptionsByEventType.put(eventType, subscriptions);
}
int size = subscriptions.size();
// 根据优先级添加 订阅对象
for (int i = 0; i <= size; i++) {
if (i == size || subscriberMethod.priority > subscriptions.get(i).subscriberMethod.priority) {
subscriptions.add(i, newSubscription);
break;
}
}
// 缓存 Map<订阅者,订阅事件集合>
List> subscribedEvents = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber);
if (subscribedEvents == null) {
// 存储
subscribedEvents = new ArrayList<>();
typesBySubscriber.put(subscriber, subscribedEvents);
}
subscribedEvents.add(eventType); // 添加订阅事件
// 如果订阅方法是 支持sticky事件,则直接执行分发sticky事件
if (subscriberMethod.sticky) {
//表示是否分发订阅了响应事件类父类事件的方法
if (eventInheritance) {
Set, Object>> entries = stickyEvents.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry, Object> entry : entries) {
Class> candidateEventType = entry.getKey();
if (eventType.isAssignableFrom(candidateEventType)) {
Object stickyEvent = entry.getValue();
checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent);
}
}
} else {
// 根据事件类型,获取事件
Object stickyEvent = stickyEvents.get(eventType);
// 分发到订阅方法
checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent);
}
}
}
发布流程源码分析
EventBus.post
参考:深入理解ThreadLocal
public void post(Object event) {
//通过ThreadLocal 获取当前现场的 PostingThreadState
PostingThreadState postingState = currentPostingThreadState.get();
// 通过List 存储 事件
List
EventBus.postSingleEvent
根据eventInheritance确认是否需要分发父类Class,最终执行postSingleEventForEventType 进行事件分发
private void postSingleEvent(Object event, PostingThreadState postingState) throws Error {
Class> eventClass = event.getClass();
boolean subscriptionFound = false;
if (eventInheritance) {
// 查询事件对象的父类对象Class
List> eventTypes = lookupAllEventTypes(eventClass);
int countTypes = eventTypes.size();
for (int h = 0; h < countTypes; h++) {
Class> clazz = eventTypes.get(h);
subscriptionFound |= postSingleEventForEventType(event, postingState, clazz);
}
} else {
subscriptionFound = postSingleEventForEventType(event, postingState, eventClass);
}
}
EventBus.postSingleEventForEventType
- 获取订阅对象集合
- 遍历订阅对象,执行事件分发
private boolean postSingleEventForEventType(Object event, PostingThreadState postingState, Class> eventClass) {
// 获取 订阅对象集合
CopyOnWriteArrayList subscriptions;
synchronized (this) {
subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventClass);
}
if (subscriptions != null && !subscriptions.isEmpty()) {
// 遍历订阅对象集合 一个个分发
for (Subscription subscription : subscriptions) {
postingState.event = event;
postingState.subscription = subscription;
boolean aborted = false;
try {
// 执行分发
postToSubscription(subscription, event, postingState.isMainThread);
aborted = postingState.canceled;
} finally {
postingState.event = null;
postingState.subscription = null;
postingState.canceled = false;
}
if (aborted) {
break;
}
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
EventBus.postToSubscription
根据不同的 ThreadMode 进行处理
- 执行线程与目标线程匹配,则直接反射执行订阅方法
- 不匹配,则先将事件添加到PendingPostQueue,然后通过ExecutorService执行Runnable
private void postToSubscription(Subscription subscription, Object event, boolean isMainThread) {
// 根据不同的 ThreadMode 进行处理
switch (subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode) {
case POSTING:
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
break;
case MAIN:
if (isMainThread) {
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
} else {
mainThreadPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
}
break;
case MAIN_ORDERED:
if (mainThreadPoster != null) {
mainThreadPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
} else {
// temporary: technically not correct as poster not decoupled from subscriber
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
}
break;
case BACKGROUND:
if (isMainThread) {
backgroundPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
} else {
invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
}
break;
case ASYNC:
asyncPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
break;
default:
throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown thread mode: " + subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode);
}
}
// 执行订阅者的订阅方法
void invokeSubscriber(Subscription subscription, Object event) {
try {
// 反射调用执行方法
subscription.subscriberMethod.method.invoke(subscription.subscriber, event);
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
handleSubscriberException(subscription, event, e.getCause());
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected exception", e);
}
}
BackgroundPoster
以BackgroundPoster为例,进行代码分析
- 构建PendingPost,然后加入PendingPostQueue队列,接着调用线程执行器执行线程
- 线程执行,循环获取PendingPost,调用EventBus.invokeSubscriber反射执行订阅者的订阅方法
final class BackgroundPoster implements Runnable, Poster {
...
// 入队
public void enqueue(Subscription subscription, Object event) {
// 将 订阅者和事件封装为一个 PendingPost
PendingPost pendingPost = PendingPost.obtainPendingPost(subscription, event);
synchronized (this) {
queue.enqueue(pendingPost); // 入队
if (!executorRunning) {
executorRunning = true;
// 调用现场执行器,执行
eventBus.getExecutorService().execute(this);
}
}
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
try {
while (true) {
PendingPost pendingPost = queue.poll(1000);
轮训取 post,1s没有则停止执行
if (pendingPost == null) {
synchronized (this) {
// Check again, this time in synchronized
pendingPost = queue.poll();
if (pendingPost == null) {
executorRunning = false;
return;
}
}
}
// 最后执行eventBus的invokeSubscriber方法
eventBus.invokeSubscriber(pendingPost);
}
}
...
}
}