合并ISO(CentOS6.10)并制作可启动ISO

虚拟机上使用CentOS，不想网上下载rpm，于是想本地搞个rpm的yum源，但是官方的是两个iso，于是就想合并，但是网上的教程基本上都不全，有的甚至误导，所以自己综合一下吧，记录我制作的过程。如果你要看这篇文章来制作，请看完一遍后再开始，谢谢，而且虚拟机的盘的大小稍微大一点，否则制作到一半就废了。。。

准备：
- 在/mnt下创建三个文件夹：
```
mkdir -p /mnt/centos1 /mnt/centos2 /mnt/centos
```
  - centos1：用于挂载CentOS的第一张光盘
  - centos2：用于挂载CentOS的第二张光盘
  - centos：用于存放要生成启动盘内容
- 上传iso文件
  - 这个方式太多，我用的是SecureCRT自带的SFTP，速度比较快

挂载 Centos 镜像文件，注意：根据自己iso位置

mount -o loop ./CentOS-6.10-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /mnt/centos1
mount -o loop ./CentOS-6.10-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso /mnt/centos2

拷贝文件
- 首先, 拷贝CentOS-6.10-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso中的所有文件到 /mnt/centos 目录下
- 拷贝CentOS-6.10-x86_64-bin-DVD2.iso 中 Packages 目录下的所有RPM文件到 /mnt/centos/Packages 目录下：
```
cp -rv /mnt/centos1/. /mnt/centos/
cp -v /mnt/centos2/Packages/*.rpm /mnt/centos/Packages/
```
  - 注意：使用.，而不是*，因为第一张光盘中有两个隐藏文件，我们平常的拷贝会胡烈隐藏文件

合并TRANS.TBL

将centos2中TRANS.TBL的信息追加到centos1中TRANS.TBL后面, 并排序保存

cat /mnt/centos2/Packages/TRANS.TBL >> /mnt/centos/Packages/TRANS.TBL 
mv /mnt/centos/Packages/{TRANS.TBL,TRANS.TBL.BAK} 
sort /mnt/centos/Packages/TRANS.TBL.BAK > /mnt/centos/Packages/TRANS.TBL 
rm -f /mnt/centos/Packages/TRANS.TBL.BAK

/mnt/centos中的内容已经是合并后的内容了，即可以用作本地源和做成ISO使用。

更新Yum列表

cd /etc/yum.repos.d
rename .repo .repo.bak *.repo
cp CentOS-Media.repo.bak CentOS-ISO.repo
vi CentOS-ISO.repo

参考内容：

[c6-iso]
name=CentOS-ISO
baseurl=file:///mnt/centos
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

yum clean all

安装依赖包
```
yum install -y createrepo
yum install -y isomd5sum
yum install -y genisoimage*
```
- 注意这个命令需要自己找一下机型对应的安装包：yum whatprovides mkisofs，然后根据搜索结果进行安装

借助mkdvdiso.sh制作可启动ISO：

#!/bin/bash

# by Chris Kloiber 
# Mods under CentOS by Phil Schaffner 

# A quick hack that will create a bootable DVD iso of a Red Hat Linux
# Distribution. Feed it either a directory containing the downloaded
# iso files of a distribution, or point it at a directory containing
# the "RedHat", "isolinux", and "images" directories.

# This version only works with "isolinux" based Red Hat Linux versions.

# Lots of disk space required to work, 3X the distribution size at least.

# GPL version 2 applies. No warranties, yadda, yadda. Have fun.

# Modified to add sanity checks and fix CentOS4 syntax errors

# TODO:
#   Add checks for available disk space on devices holding output and
#       temp files.
#   Add optional 3rd parameter to specify location of temp directory.
#   Create .discinfo if not present.

OS_VER=\
$((test -e /etc/fedora-release && rpm -qf /etc/fedora-release --qf "FC%{VERSION}") \
|| (test -e /etc/redhat-release && rpm -qf /etc/redhat-release --qf "EL%{VERSION}") \
|| echo OS_unknown)

case "$OS_VER" in
  EL[45]*|FC?)
        IMPLANT=/usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/implantisomd5
        if [ ! -f $IMPLANT ]; then
            echo "Error: $IMPLANT Not Found!"
            echo "Please install anaconda-runtime and try again."
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;
  EL6*|FC1?)
        IMPLANT=/usr/bin/implantisomd5
        if [ ! -f $IMPLANT ]; then
            echo "Error: $IMPLANT Not Found!"
            echo "Please install isomd5sum and try again."
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;
  OS_unknown)
        echo "Unknown OS."
        exit 1
        ;;
  *)
        echo "Fix this script for $OS_VER"
        exit 1
esac

if [ $# -lt 2 ]; then
        echo "Usage: `basename $0` source /destination/DVD.iso"
        echo ""
        echo "        The 'source' can be either a directory containing a single"
        echo "        set of isos, or an exploded tree like an ftp site."
        exit 1
fi

DVD_DIR=`dirname $2`
DVD_FILE=`basename $2`

echo "DVD directory is $DVD_DIR"
echo "ISO file is $DVD_FILE"

if [ "$DVD_DIR" = "." ]; then
    echo "Destinaton Directory $DVD_DIR does not exist"
    exit 1
else
    if [ ! -d "/$DVD_DIR" ]; then
        echo "Destinaton Directory $DVD_DIR must be an absolute path"
        exit 1
    else
        if [ "$DVD_FILE" = "" ] || [ -d "$DVD_DIR/$DVD_FILE" ]; then
            echo "Null ISO file name."
            exit 1
        fi
    fi
fi

which mkisofs >&/dev/null
if [ "$?" != 0 ]; then
    echo "mkisofs Not Found"
    echo "yum install mkisofs"
fi

which createrepo >&/dev/null
if [ "$?" != 0 ]; then
    echo "createrepo Not Found"
    echo "yum install createrepo"
fi

if [ -f $2 ]; then
    echo "DVD ISO destination $2 already exists. Remove first to recreate."
    exit 1
fi

# Make sure there is enough free space to hold the DVD image on the filesystem
# where the home directory resides, otherwise change ~/mkrhdvd to point to
# a filesystem with sufficient free space.

cleanup() {
    [ ${LOOP:=/tmp/loop} = "/" ] && echo "LOOP mount point = \/, dying!" && exit
    [ -d $LOOP ] && rm -rf $LOOP 
    [ ${DVD:=~/mkrhdvd} = "/" ] && echo "DVD data location is \/, dying!" && exit
    [ -d $DVD ] && rm -rf $DVD 
}

cleanup
mkdir -p $LOOP
mkdir -p $DVD

ls $1/*.iso &>/dev/null
if [ "$?" = 0 ]; then

    echo "Found ISO CD images..."

    CDS=`expr 0`
    DISKS="1"

    [ -w / ] || {   # Very portable, but perhaps not perfect, test for superuser.
        echo "Only 'root' may use this script for loopback mounts" 1>&2
        exit 1
    }

    for f in `ls $1/*.iso`; do
        mount -o loop $f $LOOP
        cp -av $LOOP/* $DVD
        if [ -f $LOOP/.discinfo ]; then
            cp -av $LOOP/.discinfo $DVD
            CDS=`expr $CDS + 1`
            if [ $CDS != 1 ] ; then
                DISKS=`echo ${DISKS},${CDS}`
            fi
        fi
        umount $LOOP
    done
else
    if [ -f $1/isolinux/isolinux.bin ]; then

        echo "Found FTP-like tree..."

        if [ -e $1/.discinfo ]; then
            cp -av $1/.discinfo $DVD
        else
# How does one construct a legal .discinfo file if none is found?
            echo "Error: No .discinfo file found in $1"
            cleanup
            exit 1
        fi
        cp -av $1/* $DVD
    else
        echo "Error: No CD images nor FTP-like tree found in $1"
        cleanup
        exit 1
    fi
fi

if [ -e $DVD/.discinfo ]; then
    awk '{ if ( NR == 4 ) { print disks } else { print ; } }' disks="ALL" $DVD/.discinfo > $DVD/.discinfo.new
    mv $DVD/.discinfo.new $DVD/.discinfo
else
    echo  "Error: No .discinfo file found in $DVD"
    cleanup
    exit 1
fi

rm -rf $DVD/isolinux/boot.cat
find $DVD -name TRANS.TBL | xargs rm -f

cd $DVD
createrepo -g repodata/comps.xml ./
mkisofs -J -R -v -T -o $2 -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 8 -boot-info-table $DVD
if [ "$?" = 0 ]; then

    echo ""
    echo "Image complete, create md5sum..."

#  $IMPLANT --force $2
# Don't like forced mediacheck? Try this instead.
    $IMPLANT --supported-iso --force $2

    echo "Start cleanup..."

    cleanup

    echo ""
    echo "Process Complete!"
    echo "Wrote DVD ISO image to $DVD_DIR/$DVD_FILE"
    echo ""
else
    echo "ERROR: Image creation failed, start cleanup..."

    cleanup

    echo ""
    echo "Failed to create ISO image $DVD_DIR/$DVD_FILE"
    echo ""
fi

添加执行权限
```
chmod u+x ./mkdvdiso.sh
```

开始制作：

./mkdvdiso.sh /mnt/centos /root/CentOS-6.10-x86_64-bin-DVD-Everything.iso

执行最后的内容：

Total translation table size: 1689614
Total rockridge attributes bytes: 743397
Total directory bytes: 1122430
Path table size(bytes): 112
Done with: The File(s)                             Block(s)    3037927
Writing:   Ending Padblock                         Start Block 3038884
Done with: Ending Padblock                         Block(s)    150
Max brk space used 6d3000
3039034 extents written (5935 MB)

Image complete, create md5sum...
Inserting md5sum into iso image...
md5 = ce84ea6fef4bf7cc2562c2fde851837d
Inserting fragment md5sums into iso image...
fragmd5 = c184edd1d8aa25e682503338b127e4665da5eea9e223943214b813f5e348
frags = 20
Setting supported flag to 1
Start cleanup...

Process Complete!
Wrote DVD ISO image to /root/CentOS-6.10-x86_64-bin-DVD-Everything.iso

合并ISO(CentOS6.10)并制作可启动ISO

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