第二章：微服务架构构建

第二章：微服务架构构建

2.1：IDEA新建project工作空间

• 父工程步骤

  1. New Project
     

  2. 聚合总父工程名字
     

  3. Maven版本选择
     

  4. 字符编码
     

  5. 注解生效激活
     

  6. Java编译版本选择8
     

• 父工程pom文件

  
  <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
  
      <groupId>com.wang.cloudgroupId>
      <artifactId>cloud2022artifactId>
      <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
      <packaging>pompackaging>
  
      <properties>
          <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
          <maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source>
          <maven.compiler.target>1.8maven.compiler.target>
          <junit.version>4.12junit.version>
          <log4j.version>1.2.17log4j.version>
          <lombok.version>1.16.18lombok.version>
          <mysql.version>8.0.19mysql.version>
          <druid.version>1.1.16druid.version>
          <spring.boot.version>2.2.2.RELEASEspring.boot.version>
          <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR1spring.cloud.version>
          <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASEspring.cloud.alibaba.version>
          <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0mybatis.spring.boot.version>
      properties>
  
      <dependencyManagement>
          <dependencies>
              
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                  <artifactId>spring-boot-dependenciesartifactId>
                  <version>${spring.boot.version}version>
                  <type>pomtype>
                  <scope>importscope>
              dependency>
              
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
                  <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependenciesartifactId>
                  <version>${spring.cloud.version}version>
                  <type>pomtype>
                  <scope>importscope>
              dependency>
              
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
                  <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependenciesartifactId>
                  <version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}version>
                  <type>pomtype>
                  <scope>importscope>
              dependency>
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
                  <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
                  <version>${mysql.version}version>
              dependency>
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
                  <artifactId>druidartifactId>
                  <version>${druid.version}version>
              dependency>
              <dependency>
                  <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
                  <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
              dependency>
          dependencies>
      dependencyManagement>
  
      <build>
          <plugins>
              <plugin>
                  <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                  <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
                  <configuration>
                      <fork>truefork>
                      <addResources>trueaddResources>
                  configuration>
              plugin>
          plugins>
      build>
  project>
  

• Maven中的dependencyManagement

  1. Maven使用dependencyManagement元素来提供了一种管理依赖版本号的方式。通常会在一个组织或者项目的最顶层的父pom中看到dependencyManagement元素。
  2. 使用pom.xml中的dependencyManagement元素能让所有在子项目中引用一个依赖而不显示的列出版本号。Maven会沿着父子层次向上走，直到找到一个拥有dependencyManagement元素的项目，然后它就会使用这个dependencyManagement元素中指定的版本号。
  3. 这样做的好处就是：如果多个子项目都引用同一样的依赖，则可以避免在使用的子项目里都声明一个版本号，这样想升级或切换到另一个版本时，只需要在顶层父容器里更新，而不需要一个一个子项目的修改，另外如果某个子项目需要另外的一个版本，只需声明version版本。
  4. dependencyManagement里只是声明依赖，并不实现引入，因此子项目需要显示的声明需要用依赖。

2.2：Rest微服务工程搭建

• cloud-provider-payment8001微服务提供者Module模块

  1. 建module

     • 右键New Module，然后直接下一步
       

     • 模块命名
       

  2. 改POM

     <dependencies>
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
             dependency>
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuatorartifactId>
             dependency>
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId>
                 <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
             dependency>
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
                 <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
                 <version>1.1.10version>
             dependency>
             
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
                 <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
             dependency>
             
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbcartifactId>
             dependency>
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                 <artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
                 <scope>runtimescope>
                 <optional>trueoptional>
             dependency>
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
                 <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
                 <optional>trueoptional>
             dependency>
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
                 <scope>testscope>
             dependency>
     dependencies>
     

  3. 写YML

     server:
       port: 8001
     
     spring:
       application:
         name: cloud-payment-service
       datasource:
         type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource            # 当前数据源操作类型
         driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver              # mysql驱动包 com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
         url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019
         username: root
         password: root
     
     mybatis:
       mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
       type-aliases-package: com.wang.cloud.entities    # 所有Entity别名类所在包
     

  4. 主启动

     package com.wang.cloud;
     
     @SpringBootApplication
     public class PaymentMain8001 {
         public static void main(String[] args) {
             SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
         }
     }
     

  5. 业务类

     • 创建数据库和表

       CREATE DATABASE db2022;
       
        CREATE TABLE `payment` (
         `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
         `serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT '',
         PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
       ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
       

     • entities

       1. 主实体

          package com.wang.cloud.entities;
          
          @Data
          @AllArgsConstructor
          @NoArgsConstructor
          public class payment implements Serializable {
              private Long id;
              private String serial;
          }
          

       2. Json封装体CommonResult

          package com.wang.cloud.entities;
          
          @Data
          @AllArgsConstructor
          @NoArgsConstructor
          public class CommonResult<T> {
          
              private Integer code;
              private String message;
              private T data;
          
              public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
                  this(code, message, null);
              }
          
          }
          

     • dao

       1. 接口PaymentDao

          package com.wang.cloud.dao;
          
          @Mapper
          public interface PaymentDao {
          
              public int create(Payment payment);
          
              public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
          
          }
          

       2. mybatis的映射文件PaymentMapper.xml文件

          路径：src\main\resources\mapper\PaymentMapper.xml

          
          DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
          
          <mapper namespace="com.wang.cloud.dao.PaymentDao">
          
              <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true">
                  INSERT INTO payment(SERIAL) VALUES(#{serial});
              insert>
          
              <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.wang.cloud.entities.Payment">
                  <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
                  <result column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
              resultMap>
              <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
                  SELECT * FROM payment WHERE id=#{id};
              select>
          
          mapper>
          

     • service

       1. 接口PaymentService

          package com.wang.cloud.service;
          
          public interface PaymentService {
          
              public int create(Payment payment);
              public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
          
          }
          

       2. 实现类

          package com.wang.cloud.service.impl;
          
          @Service
          public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {
          
              @Resource
              private PaymentDao paymentDao;
          
              @Override
              public int create(Payment payment) {
                  return paymentDao.create(payment);
              }
          
              @Override
              public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
                  return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
              }
              
          }
          

     • controller

       package com.wang.cloud.controller;
       
       @RestController
       @Slf4j
       public class PaymentController {
       
           @Resource
           private PaymentService paymentService;
       
           @PostMapping(value = "/payment/create")
           public CommonResult create(Payment payment) {
               int result = paymentService.create(payment);
               log.info("*****插入操作返回结果:" + result);
       
               if (result > 0) {
                   return new CommonResult(200, "插入数据成功", result);
               } else {
                   return new CommonResult(200, "插入数据失败", null);
               }
           }
       
           @GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}")
           public CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {    
               Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
               log.info("****查询结果:{}", payment);
               if (payment != null) {
                   return new CommonResult(200, "查询成功", payment);
               } else {
                   return new CommonResult(444, "没有对应记录，查询ID" + id, null);
               }
           }
       
       }
       

• 热部署Devtools

  1. Adding devtools to your project

     注：放在8001项目里，如果上方已经引入，此处可以不引入
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
         <scope>runtimescope>
         <optional>trueoptional>
     dependency>
     

  2. Adding plugin to your pom.xml

     注：放在父项目里，如果上方已经引入，此处可以不引入
     <build>
         <plugins>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
                 <configuration>
                     <fork>truefork>
                     <addResources>trueaddResources>
                 configuration>
             plugin>
         plugins>
     build>
     

  3. Enabling automatic build
     

  4. update the value of
     
     

  5. 重启IDEA

• cloud-consumer-order80微服务消费者订单Module模块

  1. 建cloud-consumer-order80模块

  2. 改pom

     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
         dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuatorartifactId>
         dependency>
     
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
             <scope>runtimescope>
             <optional>trueoptional>
         dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
             <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
             <optional>trueoptional>
         dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
             <scope>testscope>
         dependency>
     dependencies>
     

  3. 写yml

     server:
       port: 80
     

  4. 主启动

     package com.wang.cloud;
     
     @SpringBootApplication
     public class MainApp80 {
     
         public static void main(String[] args) {
             SpringApplication.run(MainApp80.class, args);
         }
     }
     

  5. 业务类

     • entities

       1. 主实体Payment

          package com.wang.cloud.entities;
          
          @Data
          @AllArgsConstructor
          @NoArgsConstructor
          public class Payment implements Serializable {
          
              private Long id;
              private String serial;
          }
          

       2. Json封装体CommonResult

          package com.wang.cloud.entities;
          
          @Data
          @AllArgsConstructor
          @NoArgsConstructor
          public class CommonResult<T> {
          
              private Integer code;
              private String message;
              private T data;
          
              public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
                  this(code, message, null);
              }
          }
          

     • config配置类

       package com.wang.cloud.config;
       
       @Configuration
       public class ApplicationContextConfig {
       
           @Bean
           public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
               return new RestTemplate();
           }
       }
       

     • controller

       package com.wang.cloud.controller;
       
       @RestController
       public class OrderController {
       
           public static final String PaymentSrv_URL = "http://localhost:8001";
       
           @Autowired
           private RestTemplate restTemplate;
       
           @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create")
           public CommonResult create(Payment payment) {
               return restTemplate.postForObject(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/create", payment, CommonResult.class);
           }
       
           @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
           public CommonResult getPayment(@PathVariable Long id) {
               return restTemplate.getForObject(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class, id);
           }
       }
       

• 工程重构

  由于子模块中有重复的entities部分，所以要进行工程重构

  1. 新建cloud-api-commons

  2. 改pom

     <dependencies>
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                 <artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
                 <scope>runtimescope>
                 <optional>trueoptional>
             dependency>
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
                 <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
                 <optional>trueoptional>
             dependency>
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>cn.hutoolgroupId>
                 <artifactId>hutool-allartifactId>
                 <version>5.1.0version>
             dependency>
     dependencies>
     

  3. entities

     • 主实体Payment

       package com.wang.cloud.entities;
       
       @Data
       @AllArgsConstructor
       @NoArgsConstructor
       public class Payment implements Serializable {
       
           private Long id;
           private String serial;
       }
       

     • Json封装体CommonResult

       package com.wang.cloud.entities;
       
       @Data
       @AllArgsConstructor
       @NoArgsConstructor
       public class CommonResult<T> {
       
           private Integer code;
           private String message;
           private T data;
       
           public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
               this(code, message, null);
           }
       }
       

  4. maven命令clean、install

  5. 订单80和支付8001分别改造

     • 删除各自原先有过的entities文件夹

     • 修改各自模块的pom添加如下内容

       <dependency>
           <groupId>com.wang.cloudgroupId>
           <artifactId>cloud-api-commonsartifactId>
           <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
       dependency>