本期推送教大家如何绘制各种样式的山脊图，这里做了一个工具函数用来实现好看的山脊图的绘制，编写不易请多多点赞，大体绘制效果如下：
依旧工具函数放在文末。
教程部分
0 数据准备
X1=normrnd(2,2,1,50);
X2=[normrnd(4,4,1,50),normrnd(5,2,1,50)];
X3=[normrnd(6,2,1,50),normrnd(8,4,1,50)];
X4=[normrnd(12,1,1,50),normrnd(12,4,1,50)];
X5=[normrnd(10,2,1,50),normrnd(10,4,1,50)];
X6=[normrnd(7,2,1,50),normrnd(7,4,1,50)];
X7=[normrnd(4,2,1,50),normrnd(4,4,1,50)];
Data={X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7};
数据为多个一维向量放在元胞数组中，大概像这样：
1 基础绘制:上色类型
通过设置ColorMode属性设置上色方式，可设置为：
- Order
- X
- GlobalX
- Kdensity
- Qt
Qt Order：每个山脊不同颜色
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Order'); JP=JP.draw();
绘制并添加图例(同时可以通过MedLine设置显示中位线)：
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Order','MedLine','on'); JP=JP.draw(); legendHdl=JP.getLegendHdl(); legend(legendHdl)
可以通过设置ColorList属性或者使用setPatchColor函数设置颜色，推荐前者：
ColorList属性设置颜色：
newColorList=[0.1059 0.6196 0.4667
0.8510 0.3725 0.0078
0.4588 0.4392 0.7020
0.6529 0.4059 0.3294
0.9020 0.6706 0.0078
0.6510 0.4627 0.1137
0.4000 0.4000 0.4000];
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Order','ColorList',newColorList);
JP=JP.draw();
legendHdl=JP.getLegendHdl();
legend(legendHdl)
setPatchColor函数设置颜色，只能设置面颜色设置不了线条颜色：
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Order');
JP=JP.draw();
legendHdl=JP.getLegendHdl();
legend(legendHdl)
% 设置山脊颜色
newColorList=[0.1059 0.6196 0.4667
0.8510 0.3725 0.0078
0.4588 0.4392 0.7020
0.6529 0.4059 0.3294
0.9020 0.6706 0.0078
0.6510 0.4627 0.1137
0.4000 0.4000 0.4000];
JP=JP.setPatchColor(newColorList)
当然可以全部设置为同一颜色：
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Order','ColorList',[0,0,.6]); JP=JP.draw(); legendHdl=JP.getLegendHdl(); legend(legendHdl(1))
X 每个山脊分别把X映射为颜色
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','X','MedLine','on'); JP=JP.draw();
当然可以添加colorbar:
colorbar()
设置为其他颜色：
JP=JP.setPatchColor(winter);
JP=JP.setPatchColor(colorcube(256));
GlobalX 全局性把X坐标映射为颜色
Data={X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7};
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','GlobalX','MedLine','on');
JP=JP.draw();
colorbar
换成别的颜色：
JP=JP.setPatchColor(colorcube(256));
Kdensity 依靠核密度
Data={X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7};
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Kdensity','MedLine','on');
JP=JP.draw();
colorbar
换成别的颜色：
JP=JP.setPatchColor(turbo);
Qt 分位染色
默认是0.25,0.75分位染色：
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Qt','MedLine','on'); JP=JP.draw(); legendHdl=JP.getLegendHdl(); legend(legendHdl)
修改分位线(通过设置Quantiles属性)：
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Qt','MedLine','on','Quantiles',[.1,.9]); JP=JP.draw(); legendHdl=JP.getLegendHdl(); legend(legendHdl)
绘制分位线(可将QtLine设置为on):
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Qt','MedLine','on','Quantiles',[.1,.9],'QtLine','on'); JP=JP.draw(); legendHdl=JP.getLegendHdl(); legend(legendHdl)
值得一提的是，所有染色方式都可以绘制QtLine分位线：
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Order','MedLine','on','Quantiles',[.1,.9],'QtLine','on'); JP=JP.draw(); legendHdl=JP.getLegendHdl(); legend(legendHdl)
更多分位线和更丰富配色：
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Qt','MedLine','on','Quantiles',[.1,.25,.75,.9],'ColorList',turbo(5),'QtLine','on');
JP=JP.draw();
legendHdl=JP.getLegendHdl();
legend(legendHdl,{'0~0.1','0.1~0.25','0.25~0.75','0.75~0.9','0.9~1'})
更改配色：
JP=JP.setPatchColor(bone(6));
2 山脊图间距
通过设置Sep属性设置间距，例如小间距：
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Kdensity','Sep',1/30); JP=JP.draw(); colorbar
间距设置为1/60:
设置大间距(1/3)：
3 绘制线状散点
只有Order类型配色不是黑色：
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Order','Scatter','on'); JP=JP.draw(); legendHdl=JP.getLegendHdl(); legend(legendHdl
Data={X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6,X7};
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','GlobalX','MedLine','on','Scatter','on');
JP=JP.draw();
colorbar
4 属性单独设置
每个玩意的属性都可以单独设置
例如：
- setRidgePatch 设置山脊面
- setRidgeLine 设置山脊边缘线
- setMedLine 设置中位线
- setQtLine 设置分位线
- setScatter 设置散点
JP=joyPlot(Data,'ColorMode','Order','Scatter','on','QtLine','on','MedLine','on','Sep',1/5); JP=JP.draw(); legendHdl=JP.getLegendHdl(); legend(legendHdl)
设置第3个山脊颜色和透明度：
JP.setRidgePatch(3,'FaceColor',[0,0,0],'FaceAlpha',.5)
循环改变所有的颜色和透明度：
for i=1:length(Data)
JP.setRidgePatch(i,'FaceColor',[1,1,1]./length(Data).*i,'FaceAlpha',.5)
end
其他玩意也都类似！
for i=1:length(Data)
JP.setRidgePatch(i,'FaceColor',[1,1,1]./length(Data).*i,'FaceAlpha',.5)
JP.setRidgeLine(i,'Color',[0,0,.8],'LineWidth',1)
JP.setScatter(i,'Color',[0,0,0,.4])
JP.setMedLine(i,'Color',[0,0,.8])
JP.setQtLine(i,'Color',[0,0,.8])
end
5 多组数据绘图
举个例子：
X1_1=normrnd(-15,2,1,20);
X1_2=[normrnd(4,4,1,10),normrnd(5,2,1,10)];
X1_3=[normrnd(6,2,1,10),normrnd(8,4,1,10)];
X1_4=[normrnd(12,1,1,10),normrnd(12,4,1,10)];
X1_5=[normrnd(-7,2,1,10),normrnd(2,4,1,10)];
X1_6=[normrnd(-7,2,1,10),normrnd(-7,4,1,10)];
Data1={X1_1,X1_2,X1_3,X1_4,X1_5,X1_6};
X2_1=normrnd(-8,2,1,20);
X2_2=[normrnd(2,4,1,10),normrnd(2,2,1,10)];
X2_3=[normrnd(18,2,1,10),normrnd(18,4,1,10)];
X2_4=[normrnd(18,1,1,10),normrnd(18,4,1,10)];
X2_5=[normrnd(5,2,1,10),normrnd(5,4,1,10)];
X2_6=[normrnd(-20,2,1,10),normrnd(-20,4,1,10)];
Data2={X2_1,X2_2,X2_3,X2_4,X2_5,X2_6};
JP1=joyPlot(Data1,'ColorMode','Order','ColorList',[12,165,154]./255,'MedLine','on','Scatter','on');
JP1=JP1.draw();
JP2=joyPlot(Data2,'ColorMode','Order','ColorList',[151,220,71]./255,'MedLine','on','Scatter','on');
JP2=JP2.draw();
% 设置中位线颜色
for i=1:length(Data1)
JP1.setMedLine(i,'Color',[12,165,154]./255)
end
for i=1:length(Data2)
JP2.setMedLine(i,'Color',[151,220,71]./255)
end
% 绘制图例
legendHdl1=JP1.getLegendHdl();
legendHdl2=JP2.getLegendHdl();
legend([legendHdl1(1),legendHdl2(1)],{'AAAAA','BBBBB'})
工具函数完整代码
classdef joyPlot
% @author : slandarer
% gzh : slandarer随笔
% Zhaoxu Liu / slandarer (2023). joyplot
% (https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/125255-joyplot),
% MATLAB Central File Exchange. 检索来源 2023/2/23.
properties
ax,arginList={'ColorMode','ColorList','Sep','Scatter','MedLine','Quantiles','QtLine'}
ColorMode='Order' % 上色模式'Order'/'X'/'GlobalX'/'Kdensity'/'Qt'
ColorList
defaultColorList1=[0.3725 0.2745 0.5647; 0.1137 0.4118 0.5882; 0.2196 0.6510 0.6471; 0.0588 0.5216 0.3294
0.4510 0.6863 0.2824; 0.9294 0.6784 0.0314; 0.8824 0.4863 0.0196; 0.8000 0.3137 0.2431
0.5804 0.2039 0.4314; 0.4353 0.2510 0.4392];
defaultColorList2=[0.0015 0.0005 0.0139; 0.0143 0.0122 0.0705; 0.0415 0.0323 0.1373; 0.0773 0.0535 0.2088;
0.1179 0.0664 0.2854; 0.1661 0.0678 0.3630; 0.2209 0.0609 0.4276; 0.2758 0.0616 0.4677;
0.3279 0.0755 0.4889; 0.3784 0.0954 0.5001; 0.4284 0.1160 0.5058; 0.4788 0.1357 0.5080;
0.5297 0.1541 0.5070; 0.5814 0.1715 0.5028; 0.6338 0.1882 0.4951; 0.6867 0.2051 0.4836;
0.7395 0.2231 0.4679; 0.7914 0.2438 0.4480; 0.8410 0.2692 0.4245; 0.8861 0.3019 0.3992;
0.9240 0.3441 0.3761; 0.9524 0.3958 0.3617; 0.9715 0.4540 0.3610; 0.9837 0.5147 0.3747;
0.9912 0.5758 0.4003; 0.9954 0.6364 0.4350; 0.9972 0.6964 0.4765; 0.9971 0.7559 0.5234;
0.9956 0.8150 0.5747; 0.9930 0.8739 0.6300; 0.9899 0.9327 0.6886; 0.9871 0.9914 0.7495];
defaultColorList3=[255,153,154;220,220,220;153,153,253]./255;
Sep=1/8; % 两个山脊间距离
Scatter='off'; % 是否绘制竖线状散点
MedLine='off';
QtLine='off';
Quantiles=[.25,.75];QtX,QtY
ridgeNum,Data,minX,maxX,maxY,XiSet,FSet
ridgePatchHdl,ridgeLineHdl
medLineHdl,scatterHdl;QtLineHdl;QtLegendHdl
end
methods
function obj=joyPlot(Data,varargin)
obj.Data=Data;
obj.ridgeNum=length(obj.Data);
% 获取其他数据
disp(char([64 97 117 116 104 111 114 32 58 32,...
115 108 97 110 100 97 114 101 114]))
for i=1:2:(length(varargin)-1)
tid=ismember(obj.arginList,varargin{i});
if any(tid)
obj.(obj.arginList{tid})=varargin{i+1};
end
end
if isempty(intersect(obj.ColorMode,{'Order','X','GlobalX','Kdensity','Qt'}))
error('The ColorMode should be one of the following: Order \ X \ GlobalX \ Kdensity \ Qt')
end
switch obj.ColorMode
case 'Order',obj.ColorList=obj.defaultColorList1;
case 'X',obj.ColorList=obj.defaultColorList2;
case 'GlobalX',obj.ColorList=obj.defaultColorList2;
case 'Kdensity',obj.ColorList=obj.defaultColorList2;
case 'Qt',obj.ColorList=obj.defaultColorList3;
end
for i=1:2:(length(varargin)-1)
tid=ismember(obj.arginList,varargin{i});
if any(tid)
obj.(obj.arginList{tid})=varargin{i+1};
end
end
obj.minX=min(obj.Data{1});
obj.maxX=max(obj.Data{1});
for i=1:obj.ridgeNum
obj.minX=min(obj.minX,min(obj.Data{i}));
obj.maxX=max(obj.maxX,max(obj.Data{i}));
end
end
function obj=draw(obj)
obj.ax=gca;hold on;
obj.ax.LineWidth=1;
obj.ax.YTick=(1:obj.ridgeNum).*obj.Sep;
obj.ax.FontName='Cambria';
obj.ax.FontSize=13;
obj.ax.YGrid='on';
% obj.ax.Box='on';
obj.ax.TickDir='out';
tYLabel{obj.ridgeNum}='';
for i=1:obj.ridgeNum
tYLabel{i}=['Class-',num2str(i)];
end
obj.ax.YTickLabel=tYLabel;
% 调整初始界面大小
fig=obj.ax.Parent;
fig.Color=[1,1,1];
if max(fig.Position(3:4))<690
fig.Position(3:4)=1.2.*fig.Position(3:4);
fig.Position(1:2)=fig.Position(1:2)./2;
end
% 绘制patch图像
obj.minX=min(obj.Data{1});
obj.maxX=max(obj.Data{1});
obj.maxY=0;
for i=1:obj.ridgeNum
tX=obj.Data{i};tX=tX(:)';
[F,Xi]=ksdensity(tX);
obj.minX=min(obj.minX,min(Xi));
obj.maxX=max(obj.maxX,max(Xi));
obj.maxY=max(obj.maxY,max(F));
end
for i=obj.ridgeNum:-1:1
tX=obj.Data{i};tX=tX(:)';
[F,Xi]=ksdensity(tX);
OXi=Xi;
Xi=linspace(min(Xi),max(Xi),1000);
F=interp1(OXi,F,Xi);
obj.XiSet{i}=Xi;
obj.FSet{i}=F;
% 绘制竖线散点
tXX=[tX;tX;tX.*nan];
tYY=[tX.*0+obj.Sep.*i-obj.Sep./10;tX.*0+obj.Sep.*i-obj.Sep./2.5;tX.*nan];
if isequal(obj.ColorMode,'Order')
obj.scatterHdl(i)=plot(tXX(:),tYY(:),'Color',[obj.ColorList(mod(i-1,size(obj.ColorList,1))+1,:),.5],'LineWidth',.8,'Visible','off');
else
obj.scatterHdl(i)=plot(tXX(:),tYY(:),'Color',[0,0,0,.5],'LineWidth',.8,'Visible','off');
end
if isequal(obj.Scatter,'on'),set(obj.scatterHdl(i),'Visible','on');end
% 计算分位线
for j=1:length(obj.Quantiles)
obj.QtX(i,j+1)=quantile(tX,obj.Quantiles(j));
obj.QtY(i,j)=interp1(Xi,F,quantile(tX,obj.Quantiles(j)));
end
obj.QtX(i,1)=min(Xi)-inf;
obj.QtX(i,length(obj.Quantiles)+2)=max(Xi)+inf;
switch obj.ColorMode
case 'Order'
obj.ridgePatchHdl(i)=fill([Xi(1),Xi,Xi(end)],[0,F,0]+obj.Sep.*(i).*ones(1,length(F)+2),...
obj.ColorList(mod(i-1,size(obj.ColorList,1))+1,:),'EdgeColor','none','FaceAlpha',.5);
obj.ridgeLineHdl(i)=plot([Xi(1),Xi,Xi(end)],[0,F,0]+obj.Sep.*(i).*ones(1,length(F)+2),...
'Color',obj.ColorList(mod(i-1,size(obj.ColorList,1))+1,:),'LineWidth',.8);
colormap(obj.ColorList);
try caxis([1,obj.ridgeNum]),catch,end
try clim([1,obj.ridgeNum]),catch,end
case 'X'
tTi=[Xi(1),Xi,Xi(end),Xi(end:-1:1)]-min(Xi);tTi=tTi./max(tTi);
tT=linspace(0,1,size(obj.ColorList,1));
tC=cat(3,interp1(tT,obj.ColorList(:,1),tTi),interp1(tT,obj.ColorList(:,2),tTi),interp1(tT,obj.ColorList(:,3),tTi));
obj.ridgePatchHdl(i)=fill([Xi(1),Xi,Xi(end),Xi(end:-1:1)],[0,F,0,F.*0]+obj.Sep.*(i).*ones(1,length(F)*2+2),...
tC,'EdgeColor','none','FaceAlpha',.9,'FaceColor','interp');
obj.ridgeLineHdl(i)=plot([Xi(1),Xi,Xi(end)],[0,F,0]+obj.Sep.*(i).*ones(1,length(F)+2),...
'Color',[0,0,0,.9],'LineWidth',.8);
colormap(obj.ColorList);
try caxis([-1,1]),catch,end
try clim([-1,1]),catch,end
case 'GlobalX'
tTi=[Xi(1),Xi,Xi(end),Xi(end:-1:1)]-obj.minX;
tTi=tTi./(obj.maxX-obj.minX);
tT=linspace(0,1,size(obj.ColorList,1));
tC=cat(3,interp1(tT,obj.ColorList(:,1),tTi),interp1(tT,obj.ColorList(:,2),tTi),interp1(tT,obj.ColorList(:,3),tTi));
obj.ridgePatchHdl(i)=fill([Xi(1),Xi,Xi(end),Xi(end:-1:1)],[0,F,0,F.*0]+obj.Sep.*(i).*ones(1,length(F)*2+2),...
tC,'EdgeColor','none','FaceAlpha',.9,'FaceColor','interp');
obj.ridgeLineHdl(i)=plot([Xi(1),Xi,Xi(end)],[0,F,0]+obj.Sep.*(i).*ones(1,length(F)+2),...
'Color',[0,0,0,.9],'LineWidth',.8);
colormap(obj.ColorList);
try caxis([obj.minX,obj.maxX]),catch,end
try clim([obj.minX,obj.maxX]),catch,end
case 'Kdensity'
tTi=[0,F,0,F(end:-1:1)];
tTi=tTi./obj.maxY;
tT=linspace(0,1,size(obj.ColorList,1));
tC=cat(3,interp1(tT,obj.ColorList(:,1),tTi),interp1(tT,obj.ColorList(:,2),tTi),interp1(tT,obj.ColorList(:,3),tTi));
obj.ridgePatchHdl(i)=fill([Xi(1),Xi,Xi(end),Xi(end:-1:1)],[0,F,0,F.*0]+obj.Sep.*(i).*ones(1,length(F)*2+2),...
tC,'EdgeColor','none','FaceAlpha',.9,'FaceColor','interp');
obj.ridgeLineHdl(i)=plot([Xi(1),Xi,Xi(end)],[0,F,0]+obj.Sep.*(i).*ones(1,length(F)+2),...
'Color',[0,0,0,.9],'LineWidth',.8);
colormap(obj.ColorList);
try caxis([0,obj.maxY]),catch,end
try clim([0,obj.maxY]),catch,end
case 'Qt'
tTi=[Xi(1),Xi,Xi(end),Xi(end:-1:1)];
tR=tTi.*0;tG=tTi.*0;tB=tTi.*0;
for j=1:size(obj.QtX,2)-1
tR(tTi>=obj.QtX(i,j)&tTi=obj.QtX(i,j)&tTi=obj.QtX(i,j)&tTi=obj.QtX(i,j)&tTi=obj.QtX(i,j)&tTi=obj.QtX(i,j)&tTi
file exchange链接：Zhaoxu Liu / slandarer (2023). joyplot (https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/125255-joyplot), MATLAB Central File Exchange. 检索来源 2023/2/23.
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