消息流程2. lookUpImpOrForward

objc_msgSend是使用汇编编写的，首先 在缓存中查找方法的imp，如果没有查找到方法，则会调用lookUpImpOrForward开启慢速查找。

lookUpImpOrForward

IMP lookUpImpOrForward(id inst, SEL sel, Class cls, int behavior)
{
  //1._objc_msgForward_impcache 复制一个默认的imp
    const IMP forward_imp = (IMP)_objc_msgForward_impcache;
    IMP imp = nil;
    Class curClass;

    runtimeLock.assertUnlocked();

    if (slowpath(!cls->isInitialized())) {
        
        behavior |= LOOKUP_NOCACHE;
    }
    runtimeLock.lock();

  
    checkIsKnownClass(cls);
    //如果这个类没有实现则实现，OC中实现了load的方法的类会在启动时优先实现，启动时未实现的类会在这里实现
    cls = realizeAndInitializeIfNeeded_locked(inst, cls, behavior & LOOKUP_INITIALIZE);
  //2. curClass赋值
    curClass = cls;
    //3. 循环遍历从当前类再到父类缓存查找
    for (unsigned attempts = unreasonableClassCount();;) {
        if (curClass->cache.isConstantOptimizedCache(/* strict */true)) {
#if CONFIG_USE_PREOPT_CACHES
            imp = cache_getImp(curClass, sel);
            if (imp) goto done_unlock;
            curClass = curClass->cache.preoptFallbackClass();
#endif
        } else {
            // curClass method list.
            //3.1二分法从methodlist查找imp
            Method meth = getMethodNoSuper_nolock(curClass, sel);
          //3.2 有就到done
            if (meth) {
                imp = meth->imp(false);
                goto done;
            }
            //3.3 当前类中没有，curClass设置其父类，如果父类为nil，imp设置forward_imp，跳出循环
            if (slowpath((curClass = curClass->getSuperclass()) == nil)) {
                // No implementation found, and method resolver didn't help.
                // Use forwarding.
                imp = forward_imp;
                break;
            }
        }

        // Halt if there is a cycle in the superclass chain.
        if (slowpath(--attempts == 0)) {
            _objc_fatal("Memory corruption in class list.");
        }

        // Superclass cache.
        //3.4 父类的缓存查找
        imp = cache_getImp(curClass, sel);
        //如果imp等于forward_imp，表示父类中也没有
        if (slowpath(imp == forward_imp)) {
            // Found a forward:: entry in a superclass.
            // Stop searching, but don't cache yet; call method
            // resolver for this class first.
            break;
        }
        if (fastpath(imp)) {
            // Found the method in a superclass. Cache it in this class.
            goto done;
        }
    }

    // No implementation found. Try method resolver once.
    //4.如果没有执行，去resolveMethod_locked去查找
    if (slowpath(behavior & LOOKUP_RESOLVER)) {
        behavior ^= LOOKUP_RESOLVER;
        return resolveMethod_locked(inst, sel, cls, behavior);
    }

 done:
    if (fastpath((behavior & LOOKUP_NOCACHE) == 0)) {
#if CONFIG_USE_PREOPT_CACHES
        while (cls->cache.isConstantOptimizedCache(/* strict */true)) {
            cls = cls->cache.preoptFallbackClass();
        }
#endif
        //5.将方法插入缓存
        log_and_fill_cache(cls, imp, sel, inst, curClass);
    }
 done_unlock:
    runtimeLock.unlock();
    if (slowpath((behavior & LOOKUP_NIL) && imp == forward_imp)) {
        return nil;
    }
    return imp;
}

1. 获取一个默认的imp，_objc_msgForward_impcache
2. 做前期的容错检查
3. 循环遍历从当前类methodList再到父类缓存查找
   3.1 二分法从methodlist查找imp
   3.2 有就到6
   3.3 当前类中没有，curClass设置为class的父类，如果父类为nil，imp设置forward_imp，跳出循环
   3.4 父类的缓存cache_getImp查找，找到了就到6
4. 如果父类缓存也没有，继续for循环调转到3，从父类的methodlist中查找，还没有再去父类的父类cache_getImp查找，递归循环查找，直到没有父类为止。
5. 如果父类中也没有执行resolveMethod_locked去查找
6. 将方法插入缓存

_objc_msgForward_impcache 的源码如下

__attribute__((noreturn, cold)) void
objc_defaultForwardHandler(id self, SEL sel)
{
    _objc_fatal("%c[%s %s]: unrecognized selector sent to instance %p "
                "(no message forward handler is installed)", 
                class_isMetaClass(object_getClass(self)) ? '+' : '-', 
                object_getClassName(self), sel_getName(sel), self);
}

getMethodNoSuper_nolock

getMethodNoSuper_nolock二分法查找imp
getMethodNoSuper_nolock->search_method_list_inline->findMethodInSortedMethodList
其中findMethodInSortedMethodList会判断当前的method是否为small或者big

template
ALWAYS_INLINE static method_t *
findMethodInSortedMethodList(SEL key, const method_list_t *list, const getNameFunc &getName)
{
    ASSERT(list);
    //1.获取获取list的第一个值
    auto first = list->begin();
    auto base = first;
    //基准位置
    decltype(first) probe;

    uintptr_t keyValue = (uintptr_t)key;
    uint32_t count;
    
    for (count = list->count; count != 0; count >>= 1) {
      //cout右移1位，即probe移动到中间位置
        probe = base + (count >> 1);
        //获取中间位置的值
        uintptr_t probeValue = (uintptr_t)getName(probe);
         //如果中间位置与sel相等
        if (keyValue == probeValue) {
            // `probe` is a match.
            // Rewind looking for the *first* occurrence of this value.
            // This is required for correct category overrides.
            //排除分类重名方法，加载的时候先存储类方法，再存储分类---按照栈格式存储，分类方法最先出，要取的是类方法，先排除分类方法，如果是两个分类，就看谁先进行加载
            while (probe > first && keyValue == (uintptr_t)getName((probe - 1))) {
                probe--;
            }
            return &*probe;
        }
        
        //如果没有找到，开始从右侧查找继续循环
        if (keyValue > probeValue) {
            base = probe + 1;
            count--;
        }
    }
    
    return nil;
}

1.在methodlist中，存储类的方法存储在前面，分类的方法存储在后后面，

cache_getImp

其中cache_getImp也是一段汇编代码，调用CacheLookup，调用了CacheLookup第三个参数为LGetImpMissDynamic会返回NULL，不会像objc_msgSend样在缓存中没有查找，而执行lookUpImpOrForward。

   STATIC_ENTRY _cache_getImp
       //获取父类的isa指针
   GetClassFromIsa_p16 p0, 0
     //缓存查找，第三个参数是缓存miss后执行的函数
   CacheLookup GETIMP, _cache_getImp, LGetImpMissDynamic, LGetImpMissConstant

//缓存没有找到返回NULL
LGetImpMissDynamic:
   mov p0, #0
   ret

LGetImpMissConstant:
   mov p0, p2
   ret

   END_ENTRY _cache_getImp