HBase---idea操作Hbase数据库并且映射到Hive

idea操作Hbase数据库并且映射到Hive

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idea操作Hbase数据库

环境准备

再安装过Hadoop+Hive+zookeeper的实验机上

# 将hbase235/lib/下的jar包拷入到hive312/lib/下
# 如果有重复，选择不覆盖
[root@hadoop conf]# cp /opt/soft/hbase235/lib/* /opt/soft/hive312/lib/

# 将切换到hbase235/lib目录下
[root@hadoop conf]# cd /opt/soft/hbase235/lib/
# 将hive312/lib/guava-27.0-jre.jar复制到当前目录下
[root@hadoop lib]# cp /opt/soft/hive312/lib/guava-27.0-jre.jar ./

# 切换/opt/soft/hive312/conf/目录下
[root@hadoop conf]# cd /opt/soft/hive312/conf/
# 修改 hive-site.xml
[root@hadoop conf]# vim ./hive-site.xml

# 添加配置信息

  hive.zookeeper.quorum</name>
  192.168.95.150</value>
</property>

  hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
  192.168.95.150</value>
</property>

  hive.aux.jars.path</name>
  file:///opt/soft/hive312/lib/hive-hbase-handler-3.1.2.jar,file:///opt/soft/hive312/lib/zookeeper-3.4.6.jar,file:///opt/soft/hive312/lib/hbase-client-2.3.5.jar,file:///opt/soft/hive312/lib/hbase-common-2.3.5-tests.jar,file:///opt/soft/hive312/lib/hbase-server-2.3.5.jar,file:///opt/soft/hive312/lib/hbase-common-2.3.5.jar,file:///opt/soft/hive312/lib/hbase-protocol-2.3.5.jar,file:///opt/soft/hive312/lib/htrace-core-3.2.0-incubating.jar</value>
</property>

添加配置

启动服务

# 启动hadoop
[root@hadoop ~]# start-all.sh
# 启动zookeeper
[root@hadoop ~]# zkServer.sh start
# 启动hbase
[root@hadoop ~]# start-hbase.sh
# 启动hive
[root@hadoop ~]# nohup hive --service metastore &
[root@hadoop ~]# nohup hive --service metastore &

创建Maven工程

添加依赖

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
      <artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
      <artifactId>hbase-server</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.5</version>
    </dependency>

在测试类中编写初始化方法

初始化：添加hbase信息，连接数据库，hbase连接工厂

    @Before
    public void init() throws IOException {
        System.out.println("执行init()方法");
        config = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        config.set(HConstants.HBASE_DIR,"hdfs://192.168.95.150:9000/hbase");
        config.set(HConstants.ZOOKEEPER_QUORUM,"192.168.95.150");
        config.set(HConstants.CLIENT_PORT_STR,"2181");
        conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(config);
        admin = conn.getAdmin();
    }

在测试类中编写关闭方法

/*
*将连接关闭
*/
    @After
    public void close() throws IOException {
        System.out.println("执行close()方法");
        if (admin!=null)
            admin.close();
        if (conn!=null)
            conn.close();
    }

在测试类中编写创建命名空间方法

/*
    *
    * 创建命名空间*/
    @Test
    public void createNameSpace() throws IOException {
        NamespaceDescriptor bigdata = NamespaceDescriptor.create("bigdata").build();
        admin.createNamespace(bigdata);
    }

在测试类中编写创建表方法

/*
    * 创建表
    * */
    @Test
    public void createTable() throws IOException {
        //创建表的描述类
        TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf("bigdata:student");
        HTableDescriptor desc = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);

        //创建列族的描述
        HColumnDescriptor family1 = new HColumnDescriptor("info1");
        HColumnDescriptor family2 = new HColumnDescriptor("info2");
        desc.addFamily(family1);
        desc.addFamily(family2);

        admin.createTable(desc);*/

在测试类中编写查看表结构方法

    /*
    *查看表结构
     */
    @Test
    public void getAllNamespace() throws IOException {
        List<TableDescriptor> tableDesc = admin.listTableDescriptorsByNamespace("bigdata".getBytes());
        System.out.println(tableDesc.toString());
    }

在测试类中编写插入数据方法

/*
    *
    * 插入数据*/
    @Test
    public void insertData() throws IOException {
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("bigdata:student"));
        Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("student1"));
        put.addColumn("info1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),"zs".getBytes());
        put.addColumn("info2".getBytes(),"school".getBytes(),"njzb".getBytes());
   
        Put put2 = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("student2"));
        put2.addColumn("info1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),"zss".getBytes());
        put2.addColumn("info2".getBytes(),"school".getBytes(),"njzb".getBytes());

        Put put3 = new Put(Bytes.toBytes("student3"));
        put3.addColumn("info1".getBytes(),"name".getBytes(),"zsr".getBytes());
        put3.addColumn("info2".getBytes(),"school".getBytes(),"njzb".getBytes());

       List<Put> list = new ArrayList<>();
       list.add(put1);
       list.add(put2);
       list.add(put3);
       table.put(list);
    }

在测试类中编写查询数据方法（get）

 /*
    * 查询数据 get 查询
    * */
    @Test
    public void queryData() throws IOException {
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("bigdata:student"));
        Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes("student1"));
        Result result = table.get(get);
        byte[] value = result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("info1"), Bytes.toBytes("name"));
        System.out.println("姓名："+Bytes.toString(value));
        value = result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("info2"), Bytes.toBytes("school"));
        System.out.println("学校："+Bytes.toString(value));
    }

在测试类中编写扫描数据方法（scan）

/*
    * scan 扫描数据
    * */
    @Test
    public void scanData() throws IOException {
        Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("kb21:student"));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result result : scanner) {
            byte[] value = result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("info1"), Bytes.toBytes("name"));
            System.out.println("姓名："+Bytes.toString(value));
            value = result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes("info2"), Bytes.toBytes("school"));
            System.out.println("学校："+Bytes.toString(value));
            System.out.println(Bytes.toString(result.getRow()));
        }
    }

在测试类中编写删除表方法

    /*
    *删除表
    * */
    @Test
    public void deleteTable() throws IOException {
        //先禁用
        admin.disableTable(TableName.valueOf("bigdata:student"));
        //再删除
        admin.deleteTable(TableName.valueOf("bigdata:student"));
    }

Hbase表映射成Hive表

使用DataGrip连接Hive

创建外部表

主要外部表的字段需要和Hbase中的列形成映射

create external table student(
    id string,
    name string,
    school string
)
stored by 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.hbase.HBaseStorageHandler' with
serdeproperties ("hbase.columns.mapping"=":key,info1:name,info2:school")
tblproperties ("hbase.table.name"="bigdata:student");

查询

select * from student