PWA，即 Progressive web apps（渐进式 Web 应用），PWA使得web应用具有与原生应用类似的用户体验，如离线运行、添加到主屏、消息通知等（详细介绍）。本文介绍VUE工程中使用@vue/cli-plugin-pwa插件实现消息通知并刷新VUE组件。
创建VUE工程并安装PWA插件
终端执行以下命令创建vue-pwa-notification工程：
vue create vue-pwa-notification
执行以下命令安装PWA插件：
cd vue-pwa-notification
vue add @vue/pwa
安装完成后工程结构：
.
├── babel.config.js
├── package.json
├── package-lock.json
├── public
│ ├── favicon.ico
│ ├── img
│ │ └── icons
│ ├── index.html
│ └── robots.txt
├── README.md
└── src
├── App.vue
├── assets
│ └── logo.png
├── components
│ └── HelloWorld.vue
├── main.js
└── registerServiceWorker.js
安装AXIOS，实现API client
安装axios：
npm i axios
src下创建plugins目录，plugins目录下新建axios.js:
// plugins/axios.js
import Axios from "axios";
const axios = Axios.create({
// 实际开发中应使用环境配置
baseURL: 'http://192.168.3.90:3000',
timeout: 10 * 1000,
withCredentials: false
})
/**
* 请求拦截器
*/
axios.interceptors.request.use(config => {
config.headers.Authorization = sessionStorage.getItem('access_token')
return config
}, error => {
return Promise.reject(error)
})
/**
* 响应拦截器
*/
axios.interceptors.response.use(response => {
return response
}, error => {
// 响应错误
return Promise.reject(error)
})
export default axios
修改registerServiceWorker.js
service worker就绪后订阅消息服务并提交subscribe至server端保存：
// registerServiceWorker.js
import {register} from 'register-service-worker'
import axios from "@/plugins/axios";
// 公钥
const publicKey = 'BO_sjITRaeBOaC5UDMb6L3_h64FMRozOAgct02jsKcfjvM6SuKcJjQTMXBBGM5H3xhT1u-Oz11_Gi1yC8RDsin4'
if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production') {
register('./sw.js', {
// service worker 就绪
ready(registration) {
console.log(
'App is being served from cache by a service worker.\n' +
'For more details, visit https://goo.gl/AFskqB'
)
// 订阅web push服务，成功后提交endpoint至服务端保存
const convertedVapidKey = urlBase64ToUint8Array(publicKey);
const subscribeOption = {
userVisibleOnly: true,
applicationServerKey: convertedVapidKey,
}
registration.pushManager.subscribe(subscribeOption).then(endpoint => {
// 提交endpoint
axios.post('endpoint', endpoint).then(res => {
console.log('save push endpoint result, ' + JSON.stringify(res))
})
})
},
registered() {
console.log('Service worker has been registered.')
},
cached() {
console.log('Content has been cached for offline use.')
},
updatefound() {
console.log('New content is downloading.')
},
updated() {
console.log('New content is available; please refresh.')
},
offline() {
console.log('No internet connection found. App is running in offline mode.')
},
error(error) {
console.error('Error during service worker registration:', error)
}
})
}
function urlBase64ToUint8Array(base64String) {
const padding = '='.repeat((4 - base64String.length % 4) % 4);
const base64 = (base64String + padding)
.replace(/-/g, '+')
.replace(/_/g, '/');
const rawData = window.atob(base64);
const outputArray = new Uint8Array(rawData.length);
for (let i = 0; i < rawData.length; ++i) {
outputArray[i] = rawData.charCodeAt(i);
}
return outputArray;
}
server端保存endpoint，push消息时根据特定条件获取要通知的endpoint，然后sendNotification。
vue.config.js配置pwa
module.exports = {
publicPath: './',
pwa: {
name: 'notification',
themeColor: '#1976D2',
msTileColor: '#FFFFFF',
workboxPluginMode: 'InjectManifest',
workboxOptions: {
swSrc: 'src/sw.js'
}
}
}
src下新建sw.js
service worker注册push事件监听
self.addEventListener('push', evt => {
const message = evt.data.json()
// 显示通知
self.registration.showNotification(message.title, {
body: message.content
})
})
首次访问时应用将获取通知权限，如下：
调用server端发送消息，terminal执行：
curl -X POST http://192.168.3.90:3000/message -b '{"title": "system notification","content": "nice, this is a notification from web-push"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
消息通知：
web push更新VUE DATA
service woker接收到server端Push的通知后，当我们点击通知，将消息内容显示在vue组件中。
sw.js中注册通知点击事件：
self.addEventListener('notificationclick', evt => {
evt.notification.close()
// 获取client
evt.waitUntil(self.clients.matchAll({ type: 'window' }).then(clients => {
clients.forEach(client => {
// postMessage将信息发送给界面
client.postMessage(evt.notification.body)
})
}))
})
App.vue中注册message监听：
// App.vue
mounted() {
navigator.serviceWorker.addEventListener('message', evt => {
this.response = evt.data
})
}
vue工程需build后部署运行，因为@vue/cli-plugin-pwa插件只在production环境运行，因为若service worker在dev环境启用，则缓存资源导致本地变更不能被使用。
- 本文源码地址：https://github.com/louie-001/vue-pwa-notification.git
- server端如何保存endpoint以及使用web push推送消息，请查看https://juejin.im/post/6890733677534248974