参考：无忧英语51talk梁颖老师的超实用语法20讲在线课程第8.9课
lesson 8 五大基本句型
为什么要了解句子的结构呢？
透过现象看本质，去掉滤镜看真颜
as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
句子大家庭，本质一共有五种结构
1.S+Vi 主+谓
when can we get there?
it depends.
she laughed.
flowers bloom.
S+Vi+?+O 如果Vi动词之后，非要接宾语呢？用介词
S+Vi+介词+O
they laughed.
they laughed at Harry.
they looked.
they looked after the baby.
2.S+Vt+O主谓宾
I love you.
Americans speak english.
you lower the IQ of the whole street.
3.S+Vlink+P主系表
Vlink系动词，大部分的系动词是be动词。
He is a musician.
the bear is lovely.
特殊系动词:感官动词
the cake smells/tastes/looks/sounds/seems/appears/is delicious.
the rabbit feels nervous.
they seem curious.
the dog, Mr.Newman, feels sad.
怎么判断是不是特殊系动词？
主系表结构中，be动词删除，意思不受影响
主谓宾结构中，时态语态变化的be 不属于系动词
she felt happy.
can you feel my love?
the bear is lovely.
I love you.
I am a student.
I am watching TV.
判断下列句子的结构：
the moon rose.主谓
she plays the piano every day.主谓宾
he seems very tired.主系表
they get up early in the morning.主谓
this is my umbrella.主系表
I see you.主谓宾
it rained last night.主谓
they cooked dinner at home.主谓宾
the dinner smelled wonderful.主系表
I went to the theatre last week.主谓
everything looks different.主系表
he worked in a big company.主系表
it is snowing.主谓
he is late.主系表
he finished his homework last night.主谓宾
she loves music.主谓宾
it is a wonderful place.主系表
the store opens at 9.主谓
4.S+Vt+Oi+Ot主谓宾宾
you have seed. I will give you some color see see.
I will give you a lesson.我要给你的颜色看看。
I will give a lesson to you.
the sun gives us light and heat.
she cooked her family delicious food.
he bought me a cushion.
5.S+Vt+O+OC主谓宾补
the elected Trump president of the USA.
you should keep your room clean.
I found the room empty.
双宾语VS宾补
双宾语是指两个对象，
宾语，与宾语补足语说的是同一件事。
he bought me a cushion.双宾语
you should keep your room clean.宾补
the elected Trump president of USA.宾补
I made you a pizza.双宾语
I made you famous.宾补
I found you the dog.双宾语
I found the dog hungry.宾补
判断下列句子结构
a friend in need is a friend indeed.主系表
Hot water makes me warm.主谓宾补。
I will sing you a song.主谓宾宾。
his mother had him tested.主谓宾补。
it is snowing outside.主谓
the apple store opens at 9 am主谓
the child is eating an ice-cream.主谓宾
she kissed him goodbye.主谓宾宾。
I heard a bird singing in the back yard.主谓宾补。
I study in No. 1 middle school.主谓
he is a nurse.主系表
she looks beautiful.主系表
I don't know the girl in red over there.主谓宾
练习：
last week I went to the theatre.主谓
I had a very good seat.主谓宾
the play was very interesting.主系表
I did not enjoy it.主谓宾
A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me.主谓
they were talking loudly.主谓
I got very angry.主系表
I could not hear the actors.主谓宾
I turned round .主谓
I looked at the man and the woman angrily.主谓宾