2020-02-05-How do bats live with so many viruses

If previous outbreaks of coronavirus are any indication, the Wuhan strain that is now spreading may eventually traceback to bats.

如果之前的冠状病毒的爆发给了一些提示，那么这次武汉的疫情蔓延可以归源于蝙蝠。

One bat can host different viruses withoutgetting sick, they are thought to be the natural reservoir for the Ebola andmany other viruses.

一只蝙蝠可以携带不同的病毒而不生病，它们被为是埃博拉以及其它病毒的自然宿主。

Learning how they can carry and survive somany viruses has been a deep question for science. In a 2018 paper, scientists reported their investigation of how bats handle something called DNA sensing.They energy demands of flight are so great that the cells in the body breakdown and release bits of DNA that are then floating around where they shouldnot be

研究蝙蝠如何能够携带病毒并生存的原因一直是科学界的深奥难题，2018年的报告中，科学家们报道了他们关于蝙蝠应对一种叫基因感知的调查。 飞行的能量消耗巨大，因此体内的细胞会分崩出一些DNA分段，这些DNA分段会在本不应该出现的地方游浮。

高手翻译

科学界一直想要弄清蝙蝠携带如此多病毒并与之共生的奥秘。科学家在2018年发表的一篇论文中研究了蝙蝠如何应对“DNA感知”。蝙蝠的飞行需要消耗大量能量，这导致其体内细胞分解并释放游离的DNA片段，然后在它们本不应当出现的地方浮游。

Mammals, including bats, have ways to identify and respond to such bits of DNA, which might indicate an invasion of adisease-causing organism. But in bags, they found, evolution has weakened thatsystem, which would normally cause inflammation as it fought the viruses.

包括蝙蝠在内的所有哺乳动物都有方法分辨和识别这些意味着入侵病原体机制的DNA分段。但是他们发现，在蝙蝠体内，这种在说病毒战役的过程中容易引发炎症的系统在进化时被削弱。

高手翻译

包括蝙蝠在内的所有哺乳动物有办法对这种可能意味着病原体入侵的DNA片段进行识别并做出反应，这种机制在对抗病毒时通常会引发炎症。但是科学家发现，蝙蝠体内的这一机制在进化中被削弱了。

Bats have lost some genes involved in that response,which makes sense because the inflammation is very damaging to the body. They have a weakened response but it is still there. Thus, researchers write, this weakened response may allow them to maintain a “balanced stat of ‘effective response’ but not ‘over response’ against viruses.

蝙蝠在回应这种系统时丢失了一部分基因，这说得通，因为炎症可以对身体造成严重损伤，蝙蝠有一种微弱的反应，但是反应依然在。 所以，研究者们写道，这种微弱的反应可以使它们在有效反应与过度反应中维持平衡。

高手翻译：

蝙蝠丢失了与这种反应相关的一部分基因。而这一点也说得通，因为炎症本身会对身体造成巨大的伤害。它们体内的反应机制虽然削弱了，但依然存在。因此，研究人员在报告中写道，削弱后的反应机制使蝙蝠保持一种“平衡状态，既能对病毒做出‘有效反应’，又不会‘反应过度’”。

New expressions:

Strain: 这里指种类（一般用来指某种有机体，某种生物）

Sth is being any indication/ if something tellsanything

Doing sth without sth

She can work long hours without gettingtired.

Natural reservoir: 这里指自然宿主，reservoir一般指水库

Sth is thought to be sth, 是这种比较客观的说法，可以借鉴

The energy demands of flight are so greatthat the cells in the body break down and release bits of DNA that are then floatingaround where they shouldn’t be.

Inflammation n.发炎

Disease-causing organism 疾病生物体

Bats have lost some genes involved in thatresponse, which make sense because the inflammation can be very damaging to thebody.

If previous outbreaks of coronavirus are anyindication, the wuhan xxxx.