1.卸载旧版本
使用下面命令检查是否安装mysql
bash > rpm -q mysql;
有的话通过下面命令进行删除
bash > rpm -e --nodeps mysql // 强制删除
bash > rpm -e mysql //普通删除
2.安装mysql
安装编译代码需要的包
yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel
下载mysql数据库 mysql-5.6.14.tar.gz并上传到/opt/
解压
tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.14.tar.gz
然后进到mysql-5.6.14
cd mysql-5.6.14
编译安装源码
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysqldb \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1
编译并安装
make && make install
3.配置mysql
设置权限
查看是否有mysql用户和组
cat /etc/passwd
cat /etc/group
如果没有的话创建
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
修改/usr/local/mysql权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
初始化配置，进入安装路径再执行下面的指令，执行初始化配置脚本，创建自带的数据库和表
cd /usr/local/mysql
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid --tmpdir=/tmp
注：在启动MySQL服务时，会按照一定次序搜索my.cnf，先在/etc目录下找，找不到则会搜索"$basedir/my.cnf"，在本例中就是 /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf，这是新版MySQL的配置文件的默认位置！
在CentOS 6.8版操作系统的最小安装完成后，在/etc目录下会存在一个my.cnf，需要将此文件更名为其他的名字，如：/etc/my.cnf.bak，否则，该文件会干扰源码安装的MySQL的正确配置，造成无法启动。
修改名称，防止干扰：
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
修改/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
vim /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = .....
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
#socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error = /data/mysql/error.log
pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid
user = mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1
#replicate-do-db=test
replicate-ignore-db=information_schema
skip_name_resolve = 1
skip_external_locking = 1
max_allowed_packet = 32M
max_connections = 1000
wait_timeout = 500
interactive_timeout = 300
max_connect_errors = 100
back_log = 600
performance_schema = 1
table_open_cache = 2048
lower_case_table_names = 1
read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K
read_buffer_size = 256K
join_buffer_size = 256K
sort_buffer_size = 256K
thread_stack = 256K
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
#
##global_buffers
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 5G
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
key_buffer_size = 64M
创建/data/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql
启动mysql
添加服务，拷贝服务脚本到init.d目录，并设置开机启动
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig mysql on
service mysql start
执行下面命令修改root密码
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysql -u root -p
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('root')
4.远程连接mysql数据库
1）防火墙放开mysql数据库的3306端口
2）默认mysql数据库不允许远程连接，需要修改配置
在linux上登录mysql数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysql -uroot -p
3）切换到mysql表空间
use mysql;
4）执行下面指令
all ：表示将所有权限授予给用户。也可指定具体的权限，如select、create、drop等。
on：表示这些权限对哪些数据库和表生效，格式：数据库名.表名；
to：将权限授予哪个用户。格式：”用户名”@”登录IP或域名”。%表示没有限制，在任何主机都可以登录。比如：”yangxin”@”192.168.0.%”，表示yangxin这个用户只能在192.168.0IP段登录
identified by：指定用户的登录密码
with grant option：表示允许用户将自己的权限授权给其它用户
grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root';
flush privileges;
5.无密码登录并修改密码
1)第一步：停止mysql服务
service mysql stop
2)第二步：跳过密码验证
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables
3)第三步：另开一个窗口 注意
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
切换到mysql表空间
mysql > use mysql
修改密码
mysql > update user set password=password('root') where user="root";