RxSwift二:Subject

RxSwift练习:https://github.com/flywo/RxSwiftPractice

Subject

Subject既是被观察者,又是观察者。有如下四种类型:
1.PublishSubject:只会发送最新的事件
2.BehaviorSubject:发送订阅前一次事件或初始化事件以和后续事件
3.ReplaySubject:发送订阅前指定缓存的事件
4.Variable:BehaviorSubject的封装

PublishSubject

//创建主题
let subject = PublishSubject()
//发布事件,此时不会有任何反应,因为没人订阅该主题
subject.onNext("1")
//订阅主题,此时也不会有任何反应,因为发布事件在订阅主题前面
let subscriptionOne = subject.subscribe {print($0)}
//此时发布事件,就有反应了
subject.onNext("2")

////PublishSubject////
let subscriptionTwo = subject.subscribe { event in
    print("2", event.element ?? event)
}
subject.onNext("3")
//停止订阅one
subscriptionOne.dispose()
//此时不会再有one的打印
subject.onNext("4")
//一旦发送了completed/error等stop事件,则后续next事件不会再次发送,但是会继续发送重复发送停止事件,即completed/error事件
subject.onCompleted()
subject.onNext("5")
subscriptionTwo.dispose()
let disposeBag = DisposeBag()
subject.subscribe {
    print("3", $0.element ?? $0)
    }.disposed(by: disposeBag)
subject.onNext("?")

执行结果如下:

next(2)
next(3)
2 3
2 4
2 completed
3 completed

需要注意的点:
1.发送.completed事件,会终止被观察者队列
2.即使给队列添加新的订阅,任然不会发送.next事件,因为队列已经被终止
3.使用完毕后,一定记得取消订阅
4.即使被终止了,不会发送后续.next事件,但是终止的completed事件还是会发送

BehaviorSubject

enum MyError: Error {
    case anError
}
func customPrint(label: String, event: Event) {
    //打印元素,如果不存在就打印错误,如果不存在就打印事件
    print(label, event.element ?? event.error ?? event)
}

//由于会发送上一次事件,所以必须要初始化
let subject = BehaviorSubject(value: "Initial value")
let disposeBag = DisposeBag()
subject.onNext("X")
//会将X打印出来
subject.subscribe {
    customPrint(label: "1->", event: $0)
    }.disposed(by: disposeBag)
subject.onNext("Y")
subject.onError(MyError.anError)
subject.subscribe {
    customPrint(label: "2->", event: $0)
    }.disposed(by: disposeBag)
subject.onNext("Z")

打印:

1-> X
1-> Y
1-> anError
2-> anError

ReplaySubject

//指定了buffer为2
let subject = ReplaySubject.create(bufferSize: 2)
let disposeBag = DisposeBag()
subject.onNext("1")
subject.onNext("2")
subject.onNext("3")
subject.subscribe {
    customPrint(label: "1->", event: $0)
    }.disposed(by: disposeBag)
//1不会被打印,因为已经超过了buffer
subject.subscribe {
    customPrint(label: "2->", event: $0)
    }.disposed(by: disposeBag)

subject.onNext("4")
subject.onError(MyError.anError)
//添加错误,依旧会返回上两个事件
//            subject.dispose()一般来说,不需要主动销毁订阅,让其自动管理就好
subject.subscribe {
    customPrint(label: "3->", event: $0)
    }.disposed(by: disposeBag)

打印:

1-> 2
1-> 3
2-> 2
2-> 3
1-> 4
2-> 4
1-> anError
2-> anError
3-> 3
3-> 4
3-> anError

Variable

//可以明确类型Variable("")
let variable = Variable("Initial value")
let disposeBag = DisposeBag()
//对value进行赋值,则等价于调用了onNext
variable.value = "New initial value"
//通过asObservable可以获得被封装了的BehaviorSubject.
//不需要手动的completed
variable.asObservable().subscribe {
    customPrint(label: "1->", event: $0)
    }.disposed(by: disposeBag)

//不能variable添加error和completed
variable.value = "1"
variable.asObservable().subscribe {
    customPrint(label: "2->", event: $0)
    }.disposed(by: disposeBag)
variable.value = "2"

打印:

1-> New initial value
1-> 1
2-> 1

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