HttpRunner3.X开源接口测试框架学习（二）
debugtalk.py
每个项目应该并且只能有一个debugtalk.py文件。该文件具有多种功能。
作为项目的根路径锚，测试用例中的相对路径（例如引用测试用例或CSV文件）都基于此根路径
存储自定义python函数，在测试用例中调用的函数均在此文件中定义
HttpRunner框架中的变量
全局变量
全局变量在.env文件中定义，编写测试用例脚本时使用中${ENV(KEY)} 获取变量
pytest格式
用例级变量
在使用pytest格式编写测试用例时，variables用来定义变量，请注意如果全局环境变量与测试用例脚本中存在相同变量名，则优先使用用例级变量。即：测试用例变量>导出变量>测试套件配置变量>引用的测试用例配置变量
创建HttpRunner项目
httprunner框架提供了自动生成手脚架项目的功能，可以快速创建新项目。
#使用httprunner命令创建项目
httprunnerstartprojectdemo创建名为demo的httprunner项目
#自动生成的文件目录如下：
createdfolder:demo/har#har接口录制导出文件，用于生成测试脚本
createdfolder:demo/reports #测试报告存放目录
createdfolder:demo/testcases#测试用例存放目录
createdfile:demo/testcases/demo_testcase_request.yml#测试用例模板示例
createdfile:demo/testcases/demo_testcase_ref.yml#测试用例模板示例
createdfile:demo/debugtalk.py#debugtalk.py文件 #用于编写自定义函数
createdfile:demo/.env #全局环境变量定义文件
createdfile:demo/.gitignore
示例创建baidutest项目：
C:\github>httprunnerstartprojectbaidutest
2020-08-1114:32:19.860|INFO|httprunner.scaffold:create_scaffold:43-Createnewproject:baidutest
ProjectRootDir:C:\github\baidutest
createdfolder:baidutest
createdfolder:baidutest\har
createdfolder:baidutest\testcases
c:\programs\python\python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\request.py:171:InvalidProxyConfigurationWarning:YourproxyconfigurationspecifiedanHTTPSschemefortheproxy.AreyousureyouwanttouseHTTPStocontacttheproxy?Thismostlikelyindicatesanerrorinyourconfiguration.Readthisissueformoreinfo:https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/1850
returnself.urlopen(method,url,**extra_kw)
createdfolder:baidutest\reports
createdfile:baidutest\testcases\demo_testcase_request.yml
createdfile:baidutest\testcases\demo_testcase_ref.yml
createdfile:baidutest\debugtalk.py
createdfile:baidutest\.env
createdfile:baidutest\.gitignore
$treebaidutest-a
2020-08-1114:32:19.921|WARNING|httprunner.scaffold:show_tree:29-treecommandnotexists,ignore.
Sentryisattemptingtosend0pendingerrormessages
Waitingupto2seconds
PressCtrl-Breaktoquit
编写httprunner框架接口测试用例
httprunner提供了自动生成测试脚本的功能，利用har2case xxx.har命令可以将抓包工具导出的har文件转换为pytest格式测试用例（默认格式），也可以转换成yaml、json格式。
使用抓包工具录制业务：
如图使用charles工具录制导出har文件
har2case命令详解：
$har2case-h
usage:har2casehar2case[-h] [-2y] [-2j] [--filterFILTER]
[--excludeEXCLUDE]
[har_source_file]
positionalarguments:
har_source_fileSpecifyHARsourcefile
optionalarguments:
-h,--helpshowthishelpmessageandexit
-2y,--to-yml,--to-yaml
ConverttoYAMLformat,ifnotspecified,convertto
pytestformatbydefault.
-2j,--to-jsonConverttoJSONformat,ifnotspecified,convertto
pytestformatbydefault.
--filterFILTERSpecifyfilterkeyword,onlyurlincludefilterstring
willbeconverted.
--excludeEXCLUDESpecifyexcludekeyword,urlthatincludesexclude
stringwillbeignored,multiplekeywordscanbe
joinedwith'|'
执行har2case doctest.har 命令后会在当前文件夹生成doctest_test.py测试用例文件
C:\github\baidutest\har>har2casedoctest.har
2020-08-1114:51:57.340c:\programs\python\python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\request.py:171:InvalidProxyConfigurationWarning:YourproxyconfigurationspecifiedanHTTPSschemefortheproxy.AreyousureyouwanttouseHTTPStocontacttheproxy?Thismostlikelyindicatesanerrorinyourconfiguration.Readthisissueformoreinfo:https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/1850
returnself.urlopen(method,url,**extra_kw)
|INFO|httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:356-StarttogeneratetestcasefromC:\github\baidutest\har\doctest.har
2020-08-1114:51:57.354|INFO|httprunner.ext.har2case.core:_make_testcase:347-ExtractinfofromHARfileandpreparefortestcase.
2020-08-1114:51:57.358|INFO|httprunner.compat:ensure_testcase_v3:219-ensurecompatibilitywithtestcaseformatv2
2020-08-1114:51:57.438|INFO|httprunner.loader:load_dot_env_file:127-LoadingenvironmentvariablesfromC:\github\baidutest\.env
2020-08-1114:51:57.456|DEBUG|httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:33-SetOSenvironmentvariable:USERNAME
2020-08-1114:51:57.462|DEBUG|httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:33-SetOSenvironmentvariable:PASSWORD
2020-08-1114:51:57.471|INFO|httprunner.make:make_testcase:349-starttomaketestcase:C:\github\baidutest\har\doctest.har
2020-08-1114:51:57.480|INFO|httprunner.make:make_testcase:442-generatedtestcase:C:\github\baidutest\har\doctest_test.py
2020-08-1114:51:57.484|INFO|httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:170-formatpytestcaseswithblack...
reformattedC:\github\baidutest\har\doctest_test.py
Alldone!✨✨
1filereformatted.
2020-08-1114:51:58.705|INFO|httprunner.ext.har2case.core:gen_testcase:377-generatedtestcase:C:\github\baidutest\har\doctest_test.py
doctest_test用例文件：
# NOTE: Generated By HttpRunner v3.1.4
# FROM: har\doctest.har
fromhttprunnerimportHttpRunner,Config,Step,RunRequest,RunTestCase
classTestCaseDoctest(HttpRunner):
config=Config("testcase description").verify(False)
teststeps= [
Step(
RunRequest("/controller/login/login.html")
.get("http://www.doclever.cn/controller/login/login.html")
.with_headers(
**{
"Host":"www.doclever.cn",
"Upgrade-Insecure-Requests":"1",
"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36",
"Accept":"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9",
"Referer":"http://www.doclever.cn/controller/index/index.html",
"Accept-Encoding":"gzip, deflate",
"Accept-Language":"zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
"Cookie":"pgv_pvid=7266193040",
"Connection":"keep-alive",
}
)
.with_cookies(**{"pgv_pvid":"7266193040"})
.validate()
.assert_equal("status_code",200)
.assert_equal('headers."Content-Type"',"text/html")
),
Step(
RunRequest("/user/login")
.post("http://www.doclever.cn:8090/user/login")
.with_headers(
**{
"Host":"www.doclever.cn:8090",
"Content-Length":"28",
"Accept":"application/json, text/plain, */*",
"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36",
"content-type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
"Origin":"http://www.doclever.cn",
"Referer":"http://www.doclever.cn/controller/login/login.html",
"Accept-Encoding":"gzip, deflate",
"Accept-Language":"zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
"Cookie":"pgv_pvid=7266193040; __qc_wId=29",
"Connection":"keep-alive",
}
)
.with_cookies(**{"pgv_pvid":"7266193040","__qc_wId":"29"})
.with_data({"name":"lanTest","password":"123456"})
.validate()
.assert_equal("status_code",200)
.assert_equal('headers."Content-Type"',"application/json; charset=utf-8")
.assert_equal("body.code",200)
.assert_equal("body.msg","ok")
),
]
if__name__=="__main__":
TestCaseDoctest().test_start()
执行httprunner测试用例
使用hrun doctest_test.py 或者 pytest doctest_test.py 均可执行测试用例。
C:\github\baidutest\har>hrundoctest_test.py
2020-08-1115:01:13.457c:\programs\python\python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\request.py:171:InvalidProxyConfigurationWarning:YourproxyconfigurationspecifiedanHTTPSschemefortheproxy.AreyousureyouwanttouseHTTPStocontacttheproxy?Thismostlikelyindicatesanerrorinyourconfiguration.Readthisissueformoreinfo:https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/1850
returnself.urlopen(method,url,**extra_kw)
|INFO|httprunner.make:__make:512-makepath:C:\github\baidutest\har\doctest_test.py
2020-08-1115:01:13.495|INFO|httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:170-formatpytestcaseswithblack...
NoPathprovided.Nothingtodo
2020-08-1115:01:13.814|INFO|httprunner.cli:main_run:56-starttoruntestswithpytest.HttpRunnerversion:3.1.4
=================================================testsessionstarts=================================================
platformwin32--Python3.8.5,pytest-5.4.3,py-1.9.0,pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir:C:\github\baidutest\har
plugins:forked-1.3.0,metadata-1.10.0,rerunfailures-9.0,allure-pytest-2.8.17,assume-2.2.1,html-2.1.1,xdist-1.34.0
collected1item
doctest_test.py. [100%]
==================================================1passedin0.93s==================================================
C:\github\baidutest\har>pytestdoctest_test.py
=================================================testsessionstarts=================================================
platformwin32--Python3.8.5,pytest-5.4.3,py-1.9.0,pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir:C:\github\baidutest\har
plugins:forked-1.3.0,metadata-1.10.0,rerunfailures-9.0,allure-pytest-2.8.17,assume-2.2.1,html-2.1.1,xdist-1.34.0
collected1item
doctest_test.py. [100%]
==================================================1passedin0.84s==================================================
生成接口测试报告
安装httprunner模块自动安装了pytest_html模块，可使用pytest doctest_test.py --html=reports.html 命令执行用例并生成报告
C:\github\baidutest\har>pytestdoctest_test.py--html=reports.html
=================================================testsessionstarts=================================================
platformwin32--Python3.8.5,pytest-5.4.3,py-1.9.0,pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir:C:\github\baidutest\har
plugins:forked-1.3.0,metadata-1.10.0,rerunfailures-9.0,allure-pytest-2.8.17,assume-2.2.1,html-2.1.1,xdist-1.34.0
collected1item
doctest_test.py. [100%]
--------------------------generatedhtmlfile:file://C:\github\baidutest\har\reports.html---------------------------
==================================================1passedin0.93s==================================================
reports测试报告：
未完待续，下一节用例参数化与关联！！！！
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