kafka 客户端使用Avro序列化

Avro是一种与编程语言无关的序列化格式

• 丰富的数据结构
• 紧凑快速的二进制数据格式
• 提供容器文件，用来持久化数据
• 远程过程调用
• 与动态语言充分集成，代码生成不需要读写数据文件，也不需要实现RPC协议
• avro依靠schema

pom.xml

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.kafkagroupId>
        <artifactId>kafka-clientsartifactId>
        <version>2.4.1version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.avrogroupId>
        <artifactId>avroartifactId>
        <version>1.11.0version>
    dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
            <version>3.5.1version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8source>
                <target>1.8target>
            configuration>
        plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.avrogroupId>
            <artifactId>avro-maven-pluginartifactId>
            <version>1.11.0version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                        <phase>generate-resourcesphase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>schemagoal>
                    goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <sourceDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/avro/sourceDirectory>
                        <outputDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/java/outputDirectory>
                    configuration>
                execution>
            executions>
        plugin>

    plugins>
build>

1. 定义schema文件

   People.avsc

   {
     "namespace": "com.nq",
     "type": "record",
     "name": "People",
     "fields" : [
       {"name": "name", "type":"string"},
       {"name": "age", "type":"int"},
       {"name": "hasHouse", "type":"boolean"},
       {"name": "children","type":"string" }
   
     ]
   }
   

2. 运行mvn avro:schema 生成的java类在项目文件在/target/generated-sources/avro/com/nq/People.java

3. 复制到自己需要的地方

此外还可以下载avro-tools 生成实体类

生产者

import org.apache.avro.io.BinaryEncoder;
import org.apache.avro.io.EncoderFactory;
import org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumWriter;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class AvroProducer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        String topic = "test-vip";
        // 改成自己的
        props.put("bootstrap.servers", "kafka-node01:9092");
        props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
        props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.ByteArraySerializer");
        KafkaProducer<String, byte[]> producer = new KafkaProducer<String, byte[]>(props);
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        SpecificDatumWriter<People> datumWriter = new SpecificDatumWriter<>(People.class);
        BinaryEncoder encoder = EncoderFactory.get().binaryEncoder(out, null);
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            out.reset();
            People people = new People();
            people.setName("达拉崩吧---" + i);
            people.setAge(i);
            people.setChildren("chilren===" + i);
            people.setHasHouse(i % 2 == 0);

            datumWriter.write(people, encoder);
            encoder.flush();

            ProducerRecord<String, byte[]> record = new ProducerRecord<>(topic, "vip-" + i, out.toByteArray());
            producer.send(record);
        }
        out.close();
        producer.close();

    }
}

消费者

import org.apache.avro.io.BinaryDecoder;
import org.apache.avro.io.DecoderFactory;
import org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumReader;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecords;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.KafkaConsumer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Properties;


public class AvroConsumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Properties props = new Properties();
        String topic = "test-vip";
        // 改成自己的
        props.put("bootstrap.servers", "kafka-node01:9092");
        props.put("key.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");
        props.put("value.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.ByteArrayDeserializer");
        props.put("group.id", "avro-test");
        props.put("auto.offset.reset","latest");
        KafkaConsumer<String, byte[]> consumer = new KafkaConsumer<String, byte[]>(props);
        SpecificDatumReader<People> datumReader = new SpecificDatumReader<>(People.getClassSchema());
        consumer.subscribe(Collections.singletonList(topic));

        try {
            while (true){
                ConsumerRecords<String, byte[]> records = consumer.poll(Duration.ofMillis(1000L));
                for (ConsumerRecord<String, byte[]> record : records) {
                    BinaryDecoder decoder = DecoderFactory.get().binaryDecoder(record.value(), null);
                    People people = null;
                    try {
                        people = datumReader.read(null, decoder);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println("key: " + record.key()+"\t" + people);
                }
            }
        } finally {
            consumer.close();
        }

    }
}