Linux企业运维--LAMP架构---(Linux、Apache、mysql、php)

一.mysql源码安装

[root@server1 ~]# ls
mysql-boost-5.7.31.tar.gz  nginx-1.20.1  nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz

[root@server1 ~]# tar zxf mysql-boost-5.7.31.tar.gz
[root@server1 ~]# ls
mysql-5.7.31  mysql-boost-5.7.31.tar.gz  nginx-1.20.1  nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz
[root@server1 ~]# cd mysql-5.7.31

[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# cd Docs
[root@server1 Docs]# ls

[root@server1 Docs]# cd ..
[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# cd BUILD
[root@server1 BUILD]# ls

[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# yum install -y cmake

[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# cmake  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysq -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# yum install -y gcc-c++

[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# yum install -y ncurses-devel

[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# rm -fr CMakeCache.txt

[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# yum install -y bison

[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# make && make install

 二.mysql安装配置

 [root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@server1 mysql]# ls
[root@server1 mysql]# du -sh
1.9G    .
[root@server1 mysql]# cd support-files
[root@server1 support-files]# ls
magic  mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server
[root@server1 support-files]# cp mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld  复制脚本内容到mysqld
[root@server1 support-files]# ll /etc/init.d/mysqld    
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10565 Dec  9 23:49 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@server1 support-files]# useradd -M -d /data/mysql/ -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@server1 support-files]# id mysql
uid=1001(mysql) gid=1001(mysql) groups=1001(mysql)
[root@server1 support-files]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
[root@server1 support-files]# chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql

[root@server1 support-files]# cd ..
[root@server1 mysql]# ls
[root@server1 mysql]# pwd

 [root@server1 mysql]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

[root@server1 mysql]# ls

[root@server1 mysql]# cd bin

[root@server1 bin]# ls

[root@server1 bin]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql/bin

[root@server1 bin]# vim ~/.bash_profile

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin

[root@server1 bin]# source ~/.bash_profile

[root@server1 bin]# cd
[root@server1 ~]# which mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local
[root@server1 local]# cd mysql/
[root@server1 mysql]# ls
bin  docs  include  lib  LICENSE  man  mysql-test  README  README-test  share  support-files
[root@server1 mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@server1 support-files]# ls
magic  mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server
[root@server1 support-files]# cd ..

root@server1 mysql]# cd

[root@server1 ~]# cd mysql-5.7.31
[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# find -name my.cnf

[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# cat ./packaging/rpm-common/my.cnf

 [root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
log-error=/data/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid

mysql 初始化配置

[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql  ##如果初始化之后发现配置文件写错了，需要删除/data/mysql 下的所有文件，然后重新初始化
[root@server1 mysql-5.7.31]# cd /data/
[root@server1 data]# ls
mysql
[root@server1 data]# cd mysql/
[root@server1 mysql]# ls
[root@server1 mysql]# cat mysqld.log   ##可查看日志，有初始密码

 

 [root@server1 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start   ##启动mysql
[root@server1 mysql]# mysql -p    ##-p登陆，复制日志中的密码，登陆成功

 

 初始化脚本修改密码

[root@server1 mysql]#  mysql_secure_installation

 mysql -pwestos           ##新密码登陆数据库

一.php源码安装

下载php的rpm包并解压
在解压之后的目录中，查看是否有configure，如果有此文件，使用./configure--->make---->make install方式进行源码安装

[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y bzip2

[root@server1 ~]# tar jxf php-7.4.12.tar.bz2

[root@server1 ~]# cd php-7.4.12/
[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# ls

 [root@server1 php-7.4.12]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=nginx --with-fpm-group=nginx  --with-curl --with-iconv --with-mhash --with-zlib --with-openssl --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --disable-debug --enable-sockets --enable-soap --enable-inline-optimization --enable-xml --enable-ftp --enable-gd --enable-exif --enable-mbstring  --enable-bcmath --with-fpm-systemdp --enable-inline-optimization --enable-xml --enable-ftp --enable-gd --enable-exif --enable-mbstring  --enable-bcmath --with-fp

[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# yum install -y systemd-devel libxml2-devel sqlite-devel libcurl-devel libpng-devel

[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y oniguruma-6.8.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

 [root@server1 php-7.4.12]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=nginx --with-fpm-group=nginx  --with-curl --with-iconv --with-mhash --with-zlib --with-openssl --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --disable-debug --enable-sockets --enable-soap --enable-inline-optimization --enable-xml --enable-ftp --enable-gd --enable-exif --enable-mbstring  --enable-bcmath --with-fpm-systemdp --enable-inline-optimization --enable-xml --enable-ftp --enable-gd --enable-exif --enable-mbstring  --enable-bcmath --with-fp

[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# make && make install

 二.php架构

[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# cd /usr/local/php/
[root@server1 php]# ls
bin  etc  include  lib  php  sbin  var
[root@server1 php]# cd bin/
[root@server1 bin]# pwd
/usr/local/php/bin
[root@server1 bin]# ls
phar  phar.phar  php  php-cgi  php-config  phpdbg  phpize
[root@server1 bin]# cd
[root@server1 ~]# vim .bash_profile

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/php/bin 

[root@server1 ~]# source .bash_profile

[root@server1 ~]# which php

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/php/
[root@server1 php]# ls
bin  etc  include  lib  php  sbin  var
[root@server1 php]# cd etc/
[root@server1 etc]# ls
php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d
[root@server1 etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@server1 etc]# ls
php-fpm.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d

[root@server1 etc]# vim php-fpm.conf

17 pid = run/php-fpm.pid 

 

 [root@server1 etc]# cd php-fpm.d/
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# ls
www.conf.default
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf

[root@server1 ~]# cd php-7.4.12/
[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# ls

[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# cd sapi/
[root@server1 sapi]# ls

[root@server1 sapi]# cd fpm/
[root@server1 fpm]# ll

[root@server1 fpm]# pwd
/root/php-7.4.12/sapi/fpm
[root@server1 fpm]# cp php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/

[root@server1 fpm]# cd ..
[root@server1 sapi]# cd ..
[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# ls

[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# cp  php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# cd  /usr/local/php/etc
[root@server1 etc]# ls
php-fpm.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d  php.ini
[root@server1 etc]# vim php.ini

 962 date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

[root@server1 etc]# cd /usr/lib/systemd
[root@server1 systemd]# cd system/
[root@server1 system]# vim php-fpm.service

#ProtectSystem=full     ## 注释

[root@server1 system]# systemctl daemon-reload

[root@server1 system]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@server1 system]# netstat -antlp|grep :9000
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      7509/php-fpm: maste 

 

 三.php+nginx

root@server1 system]# cd
[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/

[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf

98         location ~ \.php$ {
 99             root           html;
100             fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
101             fastcgi_index  index.php;
102             #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
103             include        fastcgi.conf;
104         }

[root@server1 conf]#  nginx -t

 [root@server1 conf]# nginx -s reload

[root@server1 conf]# cd ..
[root@server1 nginx]# cd html/
[root@server1 html]# ls
50x.html  download  index.html
[root@server1 html]# pwd
/usr/local/nginx/html
[root@server1 html]# vim index.php       ##编写php测试页

[root@server1 html]# cat index.php
phpinfo()
?>

 浏览器访问http://172.25.10.1/index.php

四.php添加memcache功能模块

 

[root@server1 html]# cd
[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y memcached

[root@server1 ~]# systemctl start memcached
[root@server1 ~]# netstat -antlp

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:11211           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9770/memcached

[root@server1 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached

[root@server1 ~]# tar zxf memcache-4.0.5.2.tgz
[root@server1 ~]# ls

[root@server1 ~]# cd memcache-4.0.5.2/
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# ls

 [root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# yum install -y autoconf  下载phpize
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# phpize     ##生成configure
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# ./configure --enable-memcache   ##添加模块
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# make
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# make install  ##安装
Installing shared extensions:     /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# cd /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/
[root@server1 no-debug-non-zts-20190902]# ls
memcache.so  opcache.a  opcache.so
[root@server1 no-debug-non-zts-20190902]# cd
[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@server1 etc]# ls
php-fpm.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d  php.ini

 

[root@server1 etc]# vim php.ini

 900 extension=memcache
[root@server1 etc]# systemctl reload php-fpm   ###刷新
[root@server1 etc]# php -m | grep memcache
memcache

 [root@server1 etc]# cd
[root@server1 ~]# cd memcache-4.0.5.2/
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# ls
[root@server1 memcache-4.0.5.2]# cp example.php memcache.php /usr/local/nginx/html/

 浏览器：http://172.25.10.1/example.php

 [root@server1 html]# vim memcache.php

22 define('ADMIN_USERNAME','admin');       // Admin Username
23 define('ADMIN_PASSWORD','westos');      // Admin Password      修改账号和密码

28 $MEMCACHE_SERVERS[] = 'localhost:11211'; // add more as an array

 

访问 http://172.25.10.1/memcache.php

 在客户端测试：

 [root@westos_student73 Desktop]# ab -c 10 -n 1000 http://172.25.10.1/example.php   ##数据处理无丢失

[root@westos_student73 Desktop]#  ab -c 10 -n 1000 http://172.25.10.1/index.php  ##数据处理有丢失

五. nginx高速缓存

使用memc-nginx和srcache-nginx模块构建高效透明的缓存机制

传统缓存策略：

传统缓存策略由php控制生命周期，高效缓存策略由memc+srcache在nginx部分缓存：

 

OpenResty 是一个基于 Nginx 与 Lua 的高性能 Web 平台，其内部集成了大量精良的 Lua 库、第三方模块以及大多数的依赖项。用于方便地搭建能够处理超高并发、扩展性极高的动态 Web 应用、Web 服务和动态网关。

OpenResty通过汇聚各种设计精良的 Nginx 模块（主要由 OpenResty 团队自主开发），从而将 Nginx 有效地变成一个强大的通用 Web 应用平台。这样，Web 开发人员和系统工程师可以使用 Lua 脚本语言调动 Nginx 支持的各种 C 以及 Lua 模块，快速构造出足以胜任 10K 乃至 1000K 以上单机并发连接的高性能 Web 应用系统。

Openresty里面有nginx模块，也有缓存模块，所以要用高速缓存，需要使Openresty里面的nginx运行

OpenResty® - 中文官方站

[root@server1 ~]# tar zxf openresty-1.19.9.1.tar.gz
[root@server1 ~]# ls

[root@server1 ~]# cd openresty-1.19.9.1/
[root@server1 openresty-1.19.9.1]# ls

[root@server1 openresty-1.19.9.1]# ./configure --help

 [root@server1 openresty-1.19.9.1]# ./configure --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module

[root@server1 openresty-1.19.9.1]# make && make install

 

 [root@server1 openresty-1.19.9.1]# cd /usr/local/openresty/

[root@server1 openresty]# ls
bin  COPYRIGHT  luajit  lualib  nginx  pod  resty.index  site
[root@server1 openresty]# cd nginx/
[root@server1 nginx]# ls
conf  html  logs  sbin
[root@server1 nginx]# cd conf/
[root@server1 conf]# ls

openresty+php

 [root@server1 conf]# nginx -s stop      ##防止冲突，停掉nginx
[root@server1 conf]# ps ax  | grep nginx
17940 pts/0    S+     0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@server1 conf]# ps ax

[root@server1 conf]# pwd
/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf

 2 user  nginx;
 3 worker_processes  auto;

 13     worker_connections  65535;

[root@server1 conf]# cd ..
[root@server1 nginx]# ls
conf  html  logs  sbin

[root@server1 nginx]# cd sbin/
[root@server1 sbin]# ls
nginx
[root@server1 sbin]# pwd
/usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin
[root@server1 sbin]# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

[root@server1 sbin]# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@server1 sbin]# curl -I localhost

[root@server1 sbin]# cd ..

[root@server1 nginx]# cd html/
[root@server1 html]# ls

[root@server1 html]# cp /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php .
[root@server1 html]# cp /usr/local/nginx/html/example.php .
[root@server1 html]# ls
50x.html  example.php  index.html  index.php

 openresty和php整合成功

在真机中：[root@westos_student73 Desktop]# ab -c10 -n 5000 http://172.25.10.1/example.php

 在真机中：

[root@westos_student73 Desktop]# ab -c10 -n 5000 http://172.25.10.1/index.php

两个处理的时间差不多

  openresty+nginx

[root@server1 html]# cd ..
[root@server1 nginx]# cd conf/
[root@server1 conf]# pwd
/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf

 19         upstream memcache {
 20         server 127.0.0.1:11211;
 21         keepalive 512;
 22         }

 54         location /memc {
 55         internal;
 56         memc_connect_timeout 100ms;
 57         memc_send_timeout 100ms;
 58         memc_read_timeout 100ms;
 59         set $memc_key $query_string;
 60         set $memc_exptime 300;
 61         memc_pass memcache;
 62 }

82             set $key $uri$args;
 83             srcache_fetch GET /memc $key;
 84             srcache_store PUT /memc $key;

当所请求的uri以“.php”结尾时，首先到memcache中查询有没有以$uri$args为key的数据，如果有则直接返回；否则，执行location的逻辑，如果返回的http状态码为200，则在输出前以$uri$args为key，将输入结果存入memcache

 

[root@server1 conf]# pwd
/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf

[root@server1 conf]# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@server1 conf]# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

真机中：[root@westos_student73 Desktop]# ab -c10 -n 5000 http://172.25.10.1/example.php  

 真机中：[root@westos_student73 Desktop]# ab -c10 -n 5000 http://172.25.10.1/index.php