用pip安装PIL
本文翻译自：Installing PIL with pip
I am trying to install PIL (the Python Imaging Library) using the command: 我正在尝试使用以下命令安装PIL（Python Imaging Library）：
sudo pip install pil
but I get the following message: 但我收到以下消息：
Downloading/unpacking PIL
You are installing a potentially insecure and unverifiable file. Future versions of pip will default to disallowing insecure files.
Downloading PIL-1.1.7.tar.gz (506kB): 506kB downloaded
Running setup.py egg_info for package PIL
WARNING: '' not a valid package name; please use only.-separated package names in setup.py
Installing collected packages: PIL
Running setup.py install for PIL
WARNING: '' not a valid package name; please use only.-separated package names in setup.py
--- using frameworks at /System/Library/Frameworks
building '_imaging' extension
clang -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -g -Os -pipe -fno-common -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -mno-fused-madd -DENABLE_DTRACE -DMACOSX -DNDEBUG -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wshorten-64-to-32 -DNDEBUG -g -Os -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DENABLE_DTRACE -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -pipe -IlibImaging -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c _imaging.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7/_imaging.o
unable to execute clang: No such file or directory
error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1
Complete output from command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/private/tmp/pip_build_root/PIL/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-AYrxVD-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed:
WARNING: '' not a valid package name; please use only.-separated package names in setup.py
running install
running build
.
.
.
.
copying PIL/XVThumbImagePlugin.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7
running build_ext
--- using frameworks at /System/Library/Frameworks
building '_imaging' extension
creating build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7
creating build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7/libImaging
clang -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -g -Os -pipe -fno-common -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -mno-fused-madd -DENABLE_DTRACE -DMACOSX -DNDEBUG -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wshorten-64-to-32 -DNDEBUG -g -Os -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DENABLE_DTRACE -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -pipe -IlibImaging -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c _imaging.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.8-intel-2.7/_imaging.o
unable to execute clang: No such file or directory
error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Cleaning up…
Could you please help me to install PIL?? 您能帮我安装PIL吗？
#1楼
参考：https://stackoom.com/question/1MAXw/用pip安装PIL
#2楼
I take it you're on Mac. 我认为您在Mac上。 See How can I install PIL on mac os x 10.7.2 Lion 请参阅如何在Mac OS X 10.7.2 Lion上安装PIL
If you use [homebrew][], you can install the PIL with just
brew install pil. 如果使用[homebrew] []，则可以仅通过brew install pil安装PIL。 You may then need to add the install directory ($(brew --prefix)/lib/python2.7/site-packages) to your PYTHONPATH, or add the location of PIL directory itself in a file calledPIL.pthfile in any of your site-packages directories, with the contents: 然后，您可能需要在PYTHONPATH中添加安装目录（$(brew --prefix)/lib/python2.7/site-packages），或将PIL目录本身的位置添加到任何名为PIL.pth文件中您的site-packages目录，内容如下：/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/PIL(assuming
brew --prefixis/usr/local). （假设brew --prefix是/usr/local）。Alternatively, you can just download/build/install it from source: 另外，您也可以从源代码下载/构建/安装它：
# download curl -O -L http://effbot.org/media/downloads/Imaging-1.1.7.tar.gz # extract tar -xzf Imaging-1.1.7.tar.gz cd Imaging-1.1.7 # build and install python setup.py build sudo python setup.py install # or install it for just you without requiring admin permissions: # python setup.py install --userI ran the above just now (on OSX 10.7.2, with XCode 4.2.1 and System Python 2.7.1) and it built just fine, though there is a possibility that something in my environment is non-default. 我刚刚在OSX 10.7.2，XCode 4.2.1和System Python 2.7.1上运行了上面的代码，尽管它在我的环境中有可能不是默认值，但它的构建还不错。
[homebrew]: http://mxcl.github.com/homebrew/ "Homebrew" [homebrew]： http : //mxcl.github.com/homebrew/ “ Homebrew”
#3楼
- Install Xcode and Xcode Command Line Tools as mentioned. 如上所述安装Xcode和Xcode命令行工具。
- Use Pillow instead, as PIL is basically dead. 请改用Pillow，因为PIL基本已失效。 Pillow is a maintained fork of PIL. 枕头是PIL的保养品。
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Pillow/2.2.1 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Pillow/2.2.1
pip install Pillow
If you have both Pythons installed and want to install this for Python3: 如果您同时安装了两个Python，并且想要为Python3安装此代码，请执行以下操作：
python3 -m pip install Pillow
#4楼
I'm having the same problem, but it gets solved with installation of python-dev . 我遇到了同样的问题，但是通过安装python-dev可以解决。
Before installing PIL, run following command: 在安装PIL之前，请运行以下命令：
sudo apt-get install python-dev
Then install PIL: 然后安装PIL：
pip install PIL
#5楼
在Mac OS X上，使用以下命令：
sudo pip install https://effbot.org/media/downloads/Imaging-1.1.7.tar.gz
#6楼
This works for me: 这对我有用：
apt-get install python-dev
apt-get install libjpeg-dev
apt-get install libjpeg8-dev
apt-get install libpng3
apt-get install libfreetype6-dev
ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so /usr/lib
ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so /usr/lib
ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libz.so /usr/lib
pip install PIL --allow-unverified PIL --allow-all-external