需要两步:
- 通过response对象获取字符输出流PrintWriter writer = resp.getWriter();
- 通过字符输出流写数据:writer.writer(“aaa”);
案例
浏览器中打印出字符
/**
* 响应字符数据:设置字符数据的响应体
*/
@WebServlet("/resp3")
public class ResponseDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//1. 获取字符输出流
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
writer.write("aaa");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
}
}
还可以返回html字符串,并且浏览器能解析出来,如下:
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
//content-type,告诉浏览器返回的数据类型是HTML类型数据,这样浏览器才会解析HTML标签
response.setHeader("content-type","text/html");
writer.write("aaa
");
注意: 一次请求响应结束后,response对象就会被销毁,所以不要手动关闭流
提醒 如果要返回一个中文字符串你好
,需要设置响应数据编码为utf-8
//设置响应的数据格式及数据的编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
writer.write("你好");
需要将字节数据写回到浏览器,我们需要两个步骤:
/**
* 响应字节数据:设置字节数据的响应体
*/
@WebServlet("/resp4")
public class ResponseDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1. 读取文件
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("d://a.jpg");
//2. 获取response字节输出流
ServletOutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
//3. 完成流的copy
byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = fis.read(buff))!= -1){
os.write(buff,0,len);
}
fis.close();
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
}
}
上述代码中,对于流的copy的代码还是比较复杂的,所以我们可以使用别人提供好的方法来简化代码的开发,具体的步骤如下:
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
//fis:输入流
//os:输出流
IOUtils.copy(fis,os);
优化代码之后:
/**
* 响应字节数据:设置字节数据的响应体
*/
@WebServlet("/resp4")
public class ResponseDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1. 读取文件
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("d://a.jpg");
//2. 获取response字节输出流
ServletOutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
//3. 完成流的copy
IOUtils.copy(fis,os);
fis.close();
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
}
}