CentOS 7 安装 Mysql5.7并配置开机自启【图文并茂版】

参考资料：
https://blog.csdn.net/xx345385463/article/details/90695705
https://www.cnblogs.com/wangpeng00700/p/13539856.html

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一、安装包下载并解压

1、官网地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

2、也可以直接在CentOS中直接下载：

[root@yanze-1 local]# pwd
/usr/local
[root@yanze-1 local]# 
[root@yanze-1 local]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

3、执行命令进行解压，并重命名目录为 mysql

[root@yanze-1 local]# tar zxvf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
[root@yanze-1 local]# mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

二、创建用户及用户组

1、创建用户、用户组

[root@yanze-1 local]# groupadd mysql
[root@yanze-1 local]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[root@yanze-1 local]# groups mysql
mysql : mysql   
[root@yanze-1 local]#

2、创建目录data、tmp、log并授权

[root@yanze-1 local]# cd mysql
[root@yanze-1 mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[root@yanze-1 mysql]# mkdir data log tmp
[root@yanze-1 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql ./

三、修改配置文件

修改mysql的配置文件，并将下面的配置贴进去：

[root@yanze-1 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
default-character-set=utf8
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8
port = 3306
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 128M
table_open_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 8M
net_buffer_length = 1M
read_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
max_connections = 1600
skip-name-resolve
log_bin = /usr/local/mysql/log/mysql-bin.log
server-id = 1

collation-server = utf8_general_ci 
slow_query_log=ON
slow_query_log_file = /usr/local/mysql/log/localhost-slow.log
long_query_time = 1

wait_timeout=3600
table_definition_cache=768
query_cache_size=0
query_cache_type=0
query_cache_limit=0

innodb_strict_mode=on
innodb_stats_on_metadata=on
innodb_open_files=1024
innodb_old_blocks_time=0
innodb_concurrency_tickets=500
event_scheduler=ON
interactive_timeout=3600
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=7200
innodb_file_format = Barracuda
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 5368709120
lower_case_table_names=1

basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
expire_logs_days = 7
sync_binlog = 500
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2 
innodb_log_file_size=800M
bind-address=0.0.0.0

四、配置开机自启

[root@yanze-1 mysql]# 
[root@yanze-1 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
[root@yanze-1 support-files]# 
[root@yanze-1 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@yanze-1 support-files]# 
[root@yanze-1 support-files]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
[root@yanze-1 support-files]# 
[root@yanze-1 support-files]# chkconfig --add mysql
[root@yanze-1 support-files]# 

五、Mysql初始化

[root@yanze-1 /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@yanze-1 bin]#
[root@yanze-1 bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
[root@yanze-1 bin]# ./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: 
cannot open shared object file: No such File 


[root@yanze-1 bin]#  yum install -y libaio 

六、配置环境变量

1、进/etc/profile的编辑模式

[root@yanze-1 local]#  vim /etc/profile

2、将如下内容写入后保存：（ 如果你的安装目录和我的不一样，记得自己修改）

#MYSQL ENVIRONMENT
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib

3、刷新配置

[root@yanze-1 local]# source /etc/profile

4、添加动态链接库路径（这一步不确定有没有实际发挥作用）

[root@yanze-1 bin]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf

七、启动、

1、启动数据库

[root@yanze-1 local]# systemctl start mysql

2、第一次登录，并修改密码

[root@yanze-1 local]# systemctl start mysql
Enter password:   

3、修改密码

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456'; 

八、设置客户端访问

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select user,host from user;
mysql> update user set host ='%' where user='root';
mysql> flush privileges;

至此，大功告成，mysql已安装完。