(链表专题) 234. 回文链表——【Leetcode每日一题】

234. 回文链表

给你一个单链表的头节点 head ，请你判断该链表是否为回文链表。如果是，返回 true ；否则，返回 false 。

示例 1：

输入：head = [1,2,2,1]
输出：true

示例 2：

输入：head = [1,2]
输出：false

提示：

• 链表中节点数目在范围$[1,10^5]$内
• 0 <= Node.val <= 9

思路：

题目要求：以 O(1) 的空间复杂度来求解。

法一：

• 切成两半，把后半段反转，然后比较两半是否相等

法二：快慢指针

• 快慢指针遍历，边遍历，边反转前半部分
• 然后比较两半是否相等

代码：(Java、C++)

法一：

Java

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode() {}
 *     ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     ListNode(int val, ListNode next) { this.val = val; this.next = next; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public boolean isPalindrome(ListNode head) {
        int len = 0;
        ListNode tem = head;
        ListNode mid = head;
        while(tem != null){
            len++;
            tem = tem.next;
            if(len % 2 == 0){//找到后半部分头节点
                mid = mid.next;
            }
        }
        if(len % 2 != 0){
            mid = mid.next;
        }
        //将后半部分反转
        ListNode pre = mid;
        mid = null;
        while(pre != null){
            tem = pre.next;
            pre.next = mid;
            mid = pre;
            pre = tem;
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < len / 2 && mid != head; i++){//比较
            if(head.val == mid.val){
                head = head.next;
                mid = mid.next;
            }else{
                return false;
            }
        } 
        return true;

    }
}

C++

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    bool isPalindrome(ListNode* head) {
        int len = 0;
        ListNode* tem = head;
        ListNode* mid = head;
        while(tem != NULL){
            len++;
            tem = tem->next;
            if(len % 2 == 0){//找到后半部分头节点
                mid = mid->next;
            }
        }
        if(len % 2 != 0){//如果是奇数个，跳过中间节点
            mid = mid->next;
        }
        //将后半部分反转
        ListNode* pre = mid;
        mid = NULL;
        while(pre != NULL){
            tem = pre->next;
            pre->next = mid;
            mid = pre;
            pre = tem;
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < len / 2 && mid != head; i++){//比较
            if(head->val == mid->val){
                head = head->next;
                mid = mid->next;
            }else{
                return false;
            }
        } 
        return true;
    }
};

法二：快慢指针
Java

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode() {}
 *     ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     ListNode(int val, ListNode next) { this.val = val; this.next = next; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public boolean isPalindrome(ListNode head) {
        if (head == null || head.next == null) return true;
        ListNode slow = head, pre = head;
        ListNode fast = head;
        head = null;
        while(fast != null && fast.next != null){
            slow = slow.next;
            fast = fast.next.next;
            //反转前半部分
            pre.next = head;
            head = pre;
            pre = slow;
        }
        slow = fast != null ? slow.next : slow;//如果是奇数个就跳过中间那个
        while(head != null){
            if(head.val == slow.val){
                head = head.next;
                slow = slow.next; 
            }else{
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;

    }
}

C++

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    bool isPalindrome(ListNode* head) {
        if (head == NULL || head->next == NULL) return true;
        ListNode* slow = head;
        ListNode* pre = head;
        ListNode* fast = head;
        head = NULL;
        while(fast != NULL && fast->next != NULL){
            slow = slow->next;
            fast = fast->next->next;
            //反转前半部分
            pre->next = head;
            head = pre;
            pre = slow;
        }
        slow = fast != NULL ? slow->next : slow;//如果是奇数个就跳过中间那个
        while(head != NULL){
            if(head->val == slow->val){
                head = head->next;
                slow = slow->next; 
            }else{
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
};

运行结果：

复杂度分析：

• 时间复杂度：$O(n)$。
• 空间复杂度：$O(1)$。

题目来源：力扣。

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