| 自然 | 自然 |
| brook | 忍受，容许：tolerate; 小溪流：creek |
| creek | 小溪，小河：smaller |
| crest | 顶部，浪尖，山顶 |
| gorge | 峡谷：canyon；狼吞虎咽：eat greedily |
| insular | （观念、想法等）孤立狭隘的：narrow provincial viewpoint |
| marsh | 沼泽，湿地：wet |
| mire | 困境：difficult situation；使陷入困境，拖后腿：hold back |
| precipice | 悬崖峭壁：steep |
| rivulet | 小河，小溪：small stream |
| shoal | 浅的：little depth |
| strait | 海峡：channel joining water；痛苦：suffering |
| cascade | （尤指小的）瀑布：small fall |
| 气象 | 气象 |
| blast | 爆炸：explosion; 一阵猛烈的强风：gust; 巨响：loud, sound; 炸裂，爆破：cause to break open;斥责，抨击：criticize harshly |
| bluster | 狂妄自大地大声说：loudly arrogant; 大声吹嘘，恐吓：loudly; 喧闹的状态：noisy |
| cloudburst | 突然的一场暴雨：sudden copious rainfall |
| deluge | 大暴雨：drenching rain；大量：great flow |
| desiccate | 使（食物）脱水以保存，使干燥：drying；使缺乏活力：deprive vitality |
| downpour | 倾盆大雨：heavy rain |
| drizzle | （下）细小、轻柔、似雾的雨，毛毛雨：misty rain |
| frigid | 严寒的：cold；冷漠的：lacking warmth |
| gust | 情感爆发：sudden intense expression |
| hurricane | 飓风：a violent rotating storm；飓风般的事物，引起动荡的事物：resembling a hurricane |
| inclement | （天气等）恶劣的：lacking mildness；无情的，残酷的：unmerciful |
| precipitation | 沉积物，尤指降水：deposit, rain, snow；仓促：disorderly speed |
| sweltering | 酷热的：hot |
| torrid | 酷热的：intensely hot；热情的，情感深厚的：great depth of feeling |
| arid | 干燥的：little or no precipitation；无趣的，无聊的：lack of interest |
| glacial | 极冷的：extremely cold；冷漠的，无感情的：devoid of warmth |
| 地理 | 地理 |
| abut | 邻接，毗邻：adjacent |
| chasm | 分歧，（意见、利益或忠诚上）明显差异：pronounced difference |
| contiguous | 接壤的，相邻的：sharing an edge |
| doldrums | 低迷，中断：inactivity；情绪不佳：low spirits |
| latitude | （行动或言论）自由：freedom |
| 地质 | 地质 |
| grit | （面对困难时所表现出来的）毅力：endure pain or hardship |
| 天文 | 天文 |
| aloft | 在空中：in flight |
| ethereal | 轻巧精致的：lightness, highly refined, delicate；天国的：heaven；非物质的，精神（上）的：spiritual, not composed of matter |
| meteoric | 流星般迅速而短暂的：brevity |
| 物理 | 物理 |
| aggrandize | 增加、提高（力量、财富、地位、声誉）等：enhance |
| brake | 刹车：less rapid |
| buoyant | 有浮力的：floating; 心情好的：good mood or disposition |
| diffuse | 啰嗦的：verbose；不集中的，扩散的：not concentrated；扩展，散开：extend, scatter |
| elastic | 有弹性的：resuming shape；能（迅速从伤痛中）恢复的：recovering from depression |
| fathom | 测量（深度）：measure the depth；彻底理解，弄懂：come to understand |
| friction | 摩擦：rubbing；冲突，不和：clashing； |
| galvanize | （好似用电击）刺激：stimulate excite |
| reflect | 反射：change direction；反映，显露：make manifest；思考：think seriously |
| resilience | 弹力：resume original shape；恢复能力：ability to recover quickly |
| spectrum | spectrum |
| strength | 力量：ability to exert effort；（抵抗攻击、压力的）强度：ability to withstand force |
| 化学 | 化学 |
| bromide | 陈词滥调：hackneyed |
| caustic | 腐蚀性的：destroying, eating away; 挖苦讽刺的，刻薄的：incisive sarcasm |
| cement | 粘合，粘合剂：uniting, binding |
| clot | 密集的一群：a number of things, a unit; 堵塞：prevent, through, filling with something; 凝结：jelly |
| coagulate | （使）凝结，（使）变稠：coherent, clot |
| combustible | 可燃的：igniting; 容易激动的：easily excited |
| compound | 混合物：something composed；混合的：consisting；混合：together；扩大，增多：greater；和解：agree |
| concentrate | 集中：focus；浓缩：less dilute；聚集：together |
| congeal | 凝固，固化：solid state |
| corrosive | 腐蚀性的：destroy slowly；讽刺性的：sarcastic； |
| dehydrate | 去除水分，使干燥：remove water；使失去活力：deprive of vitality |
| deleterious | 有害的：harmful |
| dilute | 稀释／经稀释的：concentrated/low strength, concentration；削弱：diminish strength, flavor, brilliance |
| dissolve | 溶解融化：solution；解散：break into parts, disintegrate；驱散；（使）消失：cease visible；废除，撤销：end |
| emollient | 起缓和作用的：less intense |
| filter | 过滤：pass through a filter；去除杂质：remove impurities |
| gasification | 气化：gas； |
| leaven | 在…中加入轻松、活泼或变更的因素：mingle permeate |
| noxious | 有害的，有毒的：harmful, injurious to health；产生强烈厌恶的：causing intense displeasure |
| ossify | （使）硬化，（使）僵化：hardened, conventional, opposed to change |
| pigment | 颜料：color；给…上颜色：color |
| preservative | 防腐剂：protect against decay |
| solvent | 有偿付能力的：able to pay debts；溶剂：another substance is dissolved |
| vaporize | 使（液体）蒸发：convert by heat；彻底消灭：destroy |
| concrete | 实体的，实在的：matter；事实性的，明确的：in fact |
| 动物学 | 动物学 |
| badger | 不断纠缠或骚扰：harass, persistently |
| carp | 对小事吹毛求疵，挑剔，表现不满：peevish criticism, objections, express dissatisfaction, tiresomely |
| chameleon | 变色龙，善变的人：changes or adopts opinions |
| coop | 监禁，困于…之中：confine |
| dormant | 静止的，不活跃的：inactivity；（动物）冬眠的：suspended |
| fawn | 阿谀奉承：seek favor by flattery |
| fledgling | 新生：starting out in a field |
| flock | 人群，兽群：creatures massed together；聚集，集体行动：travel in a flock |
| flounder | 笨拙地行动，挣扎：act clumsily |
| gadfly | 刺激物：provocative stimulus；令人反感的人：annoys |
| gull | 海鸥，骗子 |
| hive | 忙碌之地：activity；储备，积累：store up |
| incubate | 孵化 |
| mangy | 卑劣的：contemptible |
| mite | 微小的东西，很少的钱：small object |
| molt | 脱（羽、皮等）：shed feathers |
| mongrel | 杂种的，混血儿的：mixed origin |
| pen | 监狱：confinement；关押，监禁：close |
| quarry | 采石场：stone is obtained；目标，猎物：pursuit |
| 植物学 | 植物学 |
| chaff | 谷壳；开玩笑：make jokes |
| husk | （果类或谷物的）外壳：outer covering；剥去：remove |
| pine | 渴望，奢望：yearn；因渴望而憔悴：lose vigor |
| sap | 削弱：weaken energy vitality；健康，活力：active strength |
| scion | 子孙：descendant |
| twig | 嫩芽 |
| 农业 | 农业 |
| barren | 不育的：incapable, producing; 不产生结果的，无效的：no results; 贫瘠的：deficient; 极度匮乏的：lacking |
| blight | （使）枯萎：affect; 损害：impair |
| cultivate | 提升，加强：improve；种植，培养：promote growth |
| fallow | 休耕的：untilled；闲置的：not being in a state of use |
| fecund | 多产，肥沃的：fruitful |
| fertilize | 使肥沃，使多产：make fertile |
| flag | 旗帜，象征：symbol；变得衰弱：become feeble |
| irrigate | 灌溉：supply water；冲洗：flush |
| prairie | 大草原：treeless grassland |
| reap | 收割，收获：receive |
| sere | 干枯的，凋萎的：dried, withered |
| sterile | 贫瘠的：not productive；无菌的：free from bacteria |
| wither | 枯萎，凋谢：become sapless |
| wizen | （使）凋谢，（使）枯萎：become wrinkled；凋谢的，枯萎的：dried up |
| atrophy | 萎缩，衰退：waste away |
| forage | 寻找：search |
| graft | 移植，移接：implant surgically |
| wilt | （花、植物等）萎焉：limp or flaccid；精神萎靡，憔悴：fatigue or exhaustion |
| 医学 | 医学 |
| anemic | 贫血的；无活力的 |
| anesthetic | 麻醉的；无知觉的 |
| apoplectic | 中风的；易怒的 |
| aseptic | 无菌的；防感染的；冷漠的 |
| balm | 香油，止痛膏，安慰物：sweet-smelling oil, soothe; 香气：pleasant smell |
| collapse | 突然倒塌或收缩：fall, shrink; 完全耗尽体力：depletion, energy, strength; 失败：unsuccessful |
| coma | 昏迷，深度无知觉：profound unconsciousness; 迟钝，冷漠：sluggishness |
| contagious | 传染的：communicate；（情绪等）唤起共鸣的：exciting a similar feeling |
| convalesce | 渐渐康复，渐愈：recover gradually |
| dissect | 仔细分析：examine, analyze minute；切成片（尤其是为了解剖研究）：cut apart separate |
| dyspeptic | 脾气坏的：bad-tempered；消化不良的：dyspepsia |
| fester | 感染，溃烂，腐烂：corrupt |
| fracture | 破裂：breaking；打碎，破坏：separate into pieces |
| hamstring | 使无效，使无力：ineffective |
| hypnotic | 催眠的：cause sleep |
| immune | 不易被感染的，有免疫力的：having resistance to infection；不受影响的：not affected by influence；不受约束的，免除的：not subject to an obligation |
| mania | 热衷，狂热：intense enthusiasm |
| measly | 少得可怜的，微不足道的：small ；患麻疹的 |
| morbid | 疾病的，疾病所致的：by disease；（思想性格）变态的：unwholesome thoughts |
| myopic | 缺乏远见的，缺乏辨别能力的：lack of foresight ；近视的 |
| nurture | 提供营养：nourishment；培育，培养：provide with understanding |
| pallid | 无生气的，缺乏活力的：lacking radiance vitality；苍白无血色的：pale |
| paranoid | 多疑的，对他人极端恐惧和怀疑的：extreme fear of distrust |
| pathological | 不正常的，病态的：markedly abnormal |
| placebo | 安慰性的事物：used to appease or reassure |
| prescription | 规定，传统的规矩：rule |
| psychology | 心理学：science mental process and behavior；心理战术：subtle tactical action influence |
| quarantine | 隔离：isolation |
| rabid | 狂热的，不冷静的：fanatical |
| recuperate | 恢复（健康或力量），康复：recover health |
| relapse | 故态复萌，再犯：fall back |
| salubrious | 有益健康的：promoting health |
| salutary | 有益健康的：promoting health；有利的，利好的：promoting well-being |
| salve | 减轻：缓解：assuage |
| septic | 腐败的，感染的：putrefaction |
| soporific | 催眠的药剂，安眠药：induces sleep；催眠的：cause sleep；慵懒的，困倦的：sleepiness or lethargy |
| stammer | 口吃，结巴：speak with pauses |
| suffocate | 使窒息：deprive of oxygen |
| therapeutic | 治疗的，有疗效的：treatment disease |
| wan | 苍白的，病态的：poor health |
| wanderlust | 旅游癖：impulse to travel |
| wholesome | 有益身心健康的：promoting health |
| palpitation | （有节奏的）舒张收缩：expanding and contracting |
| 生物学 | 生物学 |
| animate | animate |
| disinfect | 消毒，使无菌：free from infection |
| excrete | 排泄：discharge |
| insentient | 无感觉的，无知觉的：lacking perception；一知半解的，略懂的：not having a deep understanding |
| mutate | （使）改变，（使）变异：undergo mutation |
| propagate | 繁殖：increase；传播，宣传：spread out |
| recessive | （基因等）隐性的，由隐性基因控制的：does not produce a characteristic effect when present with a dominant allele；内向的，内敛的：not comfortable around people |
| synergic | 合作的：cooperating |
| 数学 | 数学 |
| calibrate | 调整，使标准化：standardize; （根据标准）精确测量：measure precisely |
| census | 人口普查：survey, population |
| elliptical | 含糊不清的：obscurity；椭圆的：ellipse |
| exponent | 倡导者，支持者：advocates；实践者，典型代表：full realization |
| irreducible | （数）不可约分的：incapable factored |
| calibrate | 调整，使标准化：standardize; （根据标准）精确测量：measure precisely |
| 语言学 | 语言学 |
| argot | argot |
| articulate | 发音清晰的；善于表达的；有关节的 |
| circumlocution | 绕圈子说话：unnecessarily, indirect, evasion; 冗长：too many |
| drawl | 慢吞吞地说：speak slowly |
| enunciate | 清晰地说：articulate；公开宣布，宣称：openly or publicity |
| equivocate | （带有欺骗目的地）模棱两可地说，说谎话：equivocal |
| euphemism | 婉言，委婉的说法：inoffensive expression |
| harangue | （发表）长篇大论：long pompous |
| incantation | 咒语 |
| jargon | 行业术语：specialized or technical language |
| oration | （颇有野心、自高自大的）演说：high-flown or pompous manner |
| oxymoron | 矛盾修饰法：combination contradictory |
| parenthesis | parenthesis |
| pun | 双关语：humorous |
| terminology | 专业术语：special terms or expressions |
| tirade | 长篇抨击性演讲：angry censorious or denunciatory |
| verbatim | 逐字地，一字不差地：exact words |
| 考古学 | 考古学 |
| antediluvian | antediluvian |
| coeval | 同时代的，同龄的：equal age |
| descendant | 后代：deriving directly from |
| excavate | 挖掘，挖空：dig out |
| extant | 现存的：not destroyed, extinct |
| runic | 神秘的：mysterious |
| glacial | 极冷的：extremely cold；冷漠的，无感情的：devoid of warmth |
| 法律 | 法律 |
| alibi | 不在场的证明，托辞，借口：excuse |
| appeal | appeal |
| arrest | arrest |
| authentic | 真实的，非仿造的：exactly; 准确的，相符的：original |
| conviction | 深信，确信：being convinced；证明有罪：proved guilty |
| court | 追求，献殷勤：seek affections |
| detain | 拘留，扣留：hold, keep |
| exculpate | 声明无罪；开脱，使无罪：clear fault guilt |
| exonerate | 免除责备：free from blame |
| guilt | 自责，悔恨：wrongdoing |
| immure | 监禁，禁闭；使闭门不出：confine |
| inculpate | 归罪于：incriminate |
| indict | 起诉，控告：accuse |
| nefarious | 极坏的，邪恶的：wicked |
| prosecution | 实行，执行：doing |
| reprieve | 对...暂缓处刑，免罪：postpone or cancel punishment；维持...的运行：prevent from being closed |
| felony | 重罪：grave crimes |
| infraction | 违背，违反：failure to uphold the requirements |
| 政治 | 政治 |
| autocracy | 独裁政府：government, unlimited power |
| autonomy | 政治上的独立：self-governing; 自我主导的自由，（尤其是）精神独立：independence |
| despotic | 专制的，暴虐的：tyrannical |
| filibuster | 拖延议事：for the purpose of delaying legislative action |
| hegemony | 霸权，统治权：preponderant authority |
| imperious | 爱发号施令的：ordering people；傲慢的，专横呃：arrogantly domineering；迫切的：compelling |
| interregnum | 过渡期：break |
| reign | 统治权：right to command；占统治地位或盛行：be predominant |
| arbitrary | 专横的，独断专行的：force one's will on others；独裁的，拥有无限权力的：without interference by others；缺乏计划的，随意的：lacking a definite plan |
| 宗教 | 宗教 |
| augur | 预言家：predicts; 出现好兆头：signs of, successful outcome; 预言：tell, beforehand |
| devout | （对于宗教）虔诚的：devoted to religion；忠诚的：allegiance |
| heresy | 异教，和普遍观点相悖的说话：controversial or unorthodox opinion |
| heretical | 异教的，异端邪说的：departure standards |
| mosque | 清真寺：worship Muslim |
| religion | 宗教，信仰：beliefs；（对于宗教信仰的）忠诚，虔诚：loyalty to God |
| renegade | 背教者，叛徒：rejects allegiance |
| sacrilege | 亵渎圣物：profanation sacred |
| sanctify | 使神圣，将...敬为神：make holy |
| redeem | 实践，履行（诺言等）：required；改过自新：make better |
| sectarianism | 宗派主义，顽固：adherence prejudices |
| 艺术 | 艺术 |
| calligraphy | （优美的）书法：elegant handwriting |
| cameo | 栩栩如生的描绘，简洁生动的描述或刻画：brief, vivid portrayal; 客串：brief but dramatic appearance |
| carve | 雕刻：three-dimensional representation; （通过长期不懈努力）开创，开拓：produce or bring about |
| charade | 装模作样：intended to deceive; 动作字谜：represented in pantomime |
| chase | 镂雕（金属）以装饰：decorate; 驱赶：force out |
| emboss | 以浮雕效果妆点，装饰：ornament with raised work |
| embroider | （时常伴有夸张和想象内容地）详细说明：give elaborate account |
| figurine | 小雕塑：small statue |
| mime | 模仿：model |
| montage | 蒙太奇；混成画；拼集的照片；剪辑 |
| sartorial | 裁缝匠的，裁缝的：clothes |
| stitch | 突然剧痛：sharp unpleasant sensation |
| travesty | 拙劣的，嘲弄性模仿：exaggerated imitation |
| versatile | 多才多艺的，全能的：different things；易改变的：fluctuating readily |
| conjure | 请求，恳求：entreat earnestly；在脑海中浮现，想起：form a mental picture |
| 音乐 | 音乐 |
| arrhythmic | arrhythmic |
| ballad | （由简单诗节和叠句组成的）民歌：poem |
| bravura | 优秀演技（的）：brilliant |
| cacophony | 刺耳的声音：inharmonious sound |
| chord | 与···和谐一致，符合：accord, agree |
| clarion | 清楚响亮的：loud, clear |
| coda | 终曲：concluding passage |
| conservatory | 温室：greenhouse；艺术学院：school arts |
| crescendo | （声音）渐强：gradual increase；（渐强之后到达的）顶峰：peak |
| croon | 低声歌唱或说话：murmuring |
| dirge | 挽歌：solemn, mournful music |
| elegy | 哀歌（诗），挽歌（诗）：expressing sorrow |
| ensemble | 合唱，合奏曲：two or move vocalists |
| lullaby | 催眠曲：song lull sleep；使镇静，使安心：free from distress |
| medley | 大杂烩，混合物：mixture |
| mellifluous | （曲调）优美的：smooth and sweet |
| movement | 运动：moving |
| off-key | 不寻常的，不合适的：out of accord with |
| overture | 前言：introductory, preclude；序曲：introduction opera |
| trumpet | 大声说出或宣告：make known |
| 文学 | 文学 |
| anecdote | anecdote |
| aphorism | aphorism |
| canon | 准则，标准：standard, criterion; 真经，正典：authentic |
| compose | 使镇定：calm; 组成，构成：form, constitute |
| encomium | 赞颂之词：praise |
| epic | 宏大的，超凡脱俗的：surpassing the usual |
| epigram | 机智的短诗，警句：short witty |
| figurative | 比喻的：denoting another |
| foreword | 前言：preface |
| hymn | 赞歌，赞美诗：song of praise；赞美：proclaim the glory |
| hyperbole | 夸张：exaggeration used for emphasis |
| lampoon | 讽刺：harsh satire |
| lyric | （可以哼唱的）小曲：musical composition；如诗歌般流畅优美的：suggestive of poetry or music |
| monologue | 独白：by one actor |
| motto | 座右铭：guiding principle |
| paean | 欢乐颂：joyous song praise |
| panegyric | 赞颂之词，颂文：eulogistic |
| parable | 寓言：teach a basic truth |
| parody | （以嘲笑原作作者的）模仿作品：imitated for ridicule；模仿（以嘲弄）：copy to make fun |
| satire | 讽刺诗，讽刺文学：literary ridicule |
| sonnet | 十四行诗：14-line verse form |
| valediction | 告别：bidding farewell；告别词：address farewell |
| verse | 使精通，使熟悉：familiarize；诗歌：rhythm lyrical effect |
| annotate | 给...作注解：commentary or explanatory notes |
| simile | 明喻：comparing two unlike things |
| 军事 | 军事 |
| aggressive | 好斗的：attack; 强有力的，强烈的：forcefulness |
| beleaguer | 包围，围攻：to surround; 使困扰，使烦恼，使消沉：trouble |
| fortify | 加固，鼓励：give physical strength；做好心理准备：prepare mentally |
| legion | 大量的人，（尤指）军团：large body of men；大量的：numerous |
| truce | 休战，休战协定：suspension fighting |
| belligerence | 好斗，好战：aggressive or truculent |
| 人体学 | 人体学 |
| gall | （使）焦躁，激怒：irritate；深深的敌意：ill will；大胆，无耻：boldness |
| sinew | 活力，力量：vigorous strength |
| skeleton | 骨架，框架：structural framework |
| stature | 高度，身高：height；才干，水平：quality, status |
| sturdy | 强健的，结实的：strengthen |
| vessel | 管：tube body fluid；船，舰艇：watercraft |
| 人类学 | 人类学 |
| ethos | 道德准则：code of good conduct |
| 人物 | 人物 |
| ascetic | 禁欲的；苦行者 |
| aspirant | 怀抱大志者；野心家 |
| bellwether | 领导者，带头人：lead |
| bigot | 固执己见者，有偏见的人：obstinately devoted |
| boor | 粗鲁的人，不敏感的人：rude |
| bully | 欺凌弱小者：intimidating manner; 最好的，最棒的：best |
| chameleon | 变色龙，善变的人：changes or adopts opinions |
| champion | 支持：support |
| charlatan | 骗子，装懂的人：fraudulent |
| churl | 粗野的人：rude, boorish; 吝啬鬼：mean, stingy |
| cipher | 无影响或无价值的人：no importance, influence; 计算（价值）：determine, mathematical operations; 密码：conceal |
| connoisseur | 鉴赏家（尤指艺术领域）：with discrimination, appreciation；专家：high level of knowledge |
| convert | 被改变宗教信仰的人：converted；使改变信仰：bring over from brief；改变，转化：alter |
| cosmopolitan | 有世界性眼光的，包容的：worldwide |
| curmudgeon | 脾气坏的、爱抱怨的人：irritable and complaining |
| cynic | 愤世嫉俗者：selfishness |
| dandy | 纨绔子弟，爱打扮的人：appearance；最佳的，最好的：very best kind |
| daredevil | 大胆鲁莽的（人）：foolishly；不考虑后果的：a lack of concern for the consequence |
| demagogue | 蛊惑民心的政客：leader false claims |
| descendant | 后代：deriving directly from |
| diehard | 顽固的，保守的／顽固的人，保守的人：determined, devoted/opposes change, refuses new ideas |
| dilettante | 业余爱好者（对艺术或知识领域涉猎浅薄者）／缺乏专业技术的：superficial interest/lacking expert skill |
| disciple | 信徒，追随者：follower |
| donor | 捐赠人，给体：donates |
| doyen | 有经验的人，资深人士：knowledge experience；（加入时间较长的）高级会员：senior member |
| drudgery | 苦工；单调、卑贱或无趣的工作：tedious work |
| dupe | 复制品，复制：exactly like something else；易受骗的人：easily deceived；欺骗：deceive |
| epicure | 美食家：discriminating tastes |
| exponent | 倡导者，支持者：advocates；实践者，典型代表：full realization |
| faultfinder | 吹毛求疵的人：petty criticism |
| fledgling | 新生：starting out in a field |
| forebear | 祖先：an ancestor |
| fury | 暴怒：rage |
| gladiator | 角斗士：engaged fight death；参与打斗或辩论的人：engaging in controversy |
| gourmand | 嗜食者，大胃王：excessively fond of eating |
| gourmet | 美食家：connoisseur food |
| gull | gull |
| hack | 雇佣文人：writer commercial；乱砍；开辟：irregular blows；成功完成：skillfully or efficiently；忍受：put up with |
| hybrid | 杂交品种，混合品种：mixed origin；杂交的：parents of different races |
| iconoclast | 特立独行的人：not conform accepted standards |
| illiteracy | 文盲：unable to read and write |
| impostor | 冒充者：assumes false identity |
| intercessor | 调停者：mediates |
| intimate | 有紧密联系的，亲密无间的：close association；不为人知的：not known；密友：person who has a strong liking；迂回地交流，间接地沟通：communicate indirectly |
| libertine | 放荡不羁者：without moral restraint |
| malcontent | 不满分子：opposition；不满的：dissatisfied |
| martinet | 纪律严明之人：strict |
| maven | 专家：experienced |
| maverick | 特立独行之人：does not conform；标新立异的，不合常规的：deviating |
| mentor | mentor |
| mimic | mimic |
| miscreant | 恶棍，罪犯：behaves criminally |
| mollycoddle | 宠爱，溺爱：excessive indulgence |
| neophyte | 初学者，新手：beginner |
| nomad | 游牧的；居无定所的人：no fixed residence |
| nonentity | 不重要的人：little consequence；虚构的东西：created no objective reality |
| pariah | 被排斥或鄙视的人：despised or rejected |
| partisan | 跟随者，信徒：follows；（狂热。坚定的）拥护者，支持者：excessively devoted；偏袒的：one side |
| patrician | 贵族，名门望族：high birth；贵族的，地位高的：high birth |
| patriot | 爱国者：loves country |
| pedagogue | 教育者，老师：give formal instruction |
| pedant | 书呆子，墨守成规之人：formal rules |
| pedestrian | 行人：traveling on foot；平庸无奇的，令人厌倦的：causing weariness |
| peer | 同等地位的人，同辈：equal；好奇地凝视：look |
| philistine | 市侩（注重物质而鄙视智慧或艺术的人）：guided by materialism |
| pilot | 领航员，飞行员：steer a ship；初步性的，试验性的：tentative model；带领通过：lead |
| pirate | 盗版，盗用：without actual right；海岛：robber seas |
| poseur | 故作姿态的，不真诚的人：affected insincere |
| potentate | 有权势的人：has the power |
| practitioner | 职业人士：profession |
| predecessor | 前任，先辈：previously occupied |
| prodigal | 挥霍的：spendthrift；败家子：spends freely |
| profligate | 挥金如土的，挥霍的：wasteful；败家子：spends money freely；堕落的人：below the normal moral standard |
| proponent | 建议者，支持者：support |
| prude | 过分正经的人：一个过分关心自己是否得体、谦逊、或正确的人：greatly concerned seemly behavior and morally |
| pundit | 权威人士，专家：opinions authoritative |
| quack | 骗子医生，江湖郎中：pretender |
| rabble | 混乱的人群；暴民；下层群众：disorganized crowd of people |
| rapscallion | 流氓，恶棍：evil |
| recluse | 隐士：lives away；隐居的，不爱社交的：withdrawal from society |
| referee | 仲裁者；裁判员：impartially resolves a dispute；（就纠纷或争论）给出意见：give an opinion |
| renegade | 背教者，叛徒：rejects allegiance |
| retainer | 家仆：service |
| retinue | 随行人员：group of retainers |
| rider | 骑马的人：rides；（议案的）附加条款：appended |
| rookie | 新兵；新生；菜鸟：recruit |
| savant | 博学之士，学者：learning |
| scion | 子孙：descendant |
| sentinel | 哨兵，看守：watches over |
| sequela | 结果：secondary result |
| simpleton | （缺乏常识的）笨蛋：lacking in common sense |
| skeptic | 怀疑者：doubts, questions or disagrees |
| sluggard | 懒人：lazy person |
| spectator | 观众，目击者，旁观者：watches |
| spendthrift | 挥霍家，败家子：spends improvidently；挥霍的，不节俭的：spending money freely |
| stickler | 坚持细节的人，一丝不苟的人：insist on exactness |
| stoic | 隐忍的，冷静的：unaffected by pleasure or pain |
| subject | 臣民，受支配的人：under authority；取决于（其他因素）的：under the influence |
| sybarite | 沉溺于奢侈逸乐者，酒色之徒：devoted luxury |
| sycophant | 马屁精：flatter |
| tinker | 乱修，乱调整：thoughtlessly |
| toady | 马屁精；拍马屁：flatters, gaining favors |
| truant | 逃避责任（的）；逃避责任者：shirking responsibility, shirks duty |
| turncoat | 叛徒：switches, traitor |
| tyro | 新手，业余爱好者：beginner, novice |
| underdog | 受害者，输家： loser/victim |
| understudy | 替补演员：take another's duties |
| vendor | 小贩，商贩：sells |
| veteran | 老兵；有丰富经验的人：knowledge through long experience；经验丰富的，资深的：knowledge, experience |
| virtuoso | 艺术鉴赏家，专家：masterly skill；经验丰富的，技艺精湛的：exceptional knowledge |
| votary | 崇拜者，信徒：fervently devoted |
| wag | 诙谐幽默的人：humorous；摆动：move to and fro or up and down |
| wastrel | 肆意挥霍的人，败家子：expends self-indulgently |
| windbag | 健谈的人：talkative |
| xenophobe | 仇视（或畏惧）外国人（或外国事物）者：fearful of what is foreign |
| yokel | 乡下人，天真纯朴的人：inhabitant of a rural area |
| bore | 令人讨厌的人或事物：causes boredom；使厌倦，使厌烦：make weary |
| delegate | 代理人，代表：representative for another；移交（权力，任务等）：possession or safekeeping of another |
| escort | 护卫队，护送者：accompanying another；同行，护送：go along with |
| impostor | 冒充者：assumes false identity |
| incumbent | 义不容辞的，必须的：obligation duty |
| menial | 仆人，奴仆：servant；卑贱的，低下的：spirit of humility or unseemly submissiveness |
| novice | 新手，初学者：new |
| observant | 警惕的，警觉的：paying close attention；严格遵守（规章、制度或原则）的：observing |
| plebeian | 平民的，社会下层：low social or economic rank |
| plodder | 行走缓慢的人：moves slowly |
| tycoon | 大亨，巨头：person of rank, power, influence |
| tyrant | 暴君：oppressively or brutally |
