ABAP ALV中自定义搜索帮助
一、干货：
- 在fieldcat-ref_table 和 fieldcat-ref_field 填入参考表和参考字段，搜索帮助就自动出来了。
- 想要选择屏幕添加自定义搜索帮助-转到这里
- ALV自定义搜索帮助。
实例效果：
双击选择之后：
自定义搜索帮助的实现方法
1.定义事件类
CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
METHODS:
handle_f4 FOR EVENT onf4 OF cl_gui_alv_grid
IMPORTING e_fieldname "列名
es_row_no "行号
er_event_data
et_bad_cells.
ENDCLASS.
2.实现handle_f4 方法
CLASS lcl_event_receiver IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD handle_f4.
* 窗口时间参数的自定义f4检索帮助
CASE e_fieldname.
WHEN 'EMPLOYEE'. "内表字段名称
PERFORM f4_help_employee USING e_fieldname "列名
es_row_no "行号
er_event_data.
ENDCASE.
* 设置后，alv稳定刷新
stbl-row = 'X'." 基于行的稳定刷新
stbl-col = 'X'." 基于列稳定刷新
CALL METHOD g_grid->refresh_table_display
EXPORTING
is_stable = stbl.
ENDMETHOD. "HANDLE_F4
ENDCLASS.
"方法perform的内容
FORM f4_help_employee USING p_fieldname TYPE lvc_fname
p_row_no TYPE lvc_s_roid
er_event_data TYPE REF TO cl_alv_event_data.
DATA: lt_return TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ddshretval,
ls_return TYPE ddshretval.
DATA :lv_eqart TYPE eqart.
CLEAR gs_alv.
READ TABLE gt_alv INTO gs_alv INDEX p_row_no-row_id.
IF p_fieldname = 'EMPLOYEE'. "展示内表字段
DATA:lt_VS TYPE TABLE OF ztemorg."收件人搜索帮助表
CLEAR:lt_VS,lt_return.
SELECT * FROM ztemorg INTO TABLE @lt_VS ."Z开头自定义的表，也是你搜索帮助要显示的内容
SORT lt_VS BY employee .
CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST'
EXPORTING
* DDIC_STRUCTURE = ' '
retfield = 'EMPLOYEE' "这个参数为帮助表中返回到ALV的字段的参数
* PVALKEY = ' '
dynpprog = sy-repid "当前程序，不写会有问题
dynpnr = sy-dynnr "当前屏幕，不写会有问题
value_org = 'S' "默认为C但是此处不用S不行
callback_program = sy-repid
TABLES
value_tab = lt_VS "F4帮助值的表
return_tab = lt_return
EXCEPTIONS
parameter_error = 1
no_values_found = 2
OTHERS = 3.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
****将选的值填入ALV字段中
READ TABLE gt_alv INTO gs_alv INDEX p_row_no-row_id.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
READ TABLE lt_return INTO ls_return INDEX 1.
IF ls_return-fieldval IS NOT INITIAL.
gs_alv-employee = ls_return-fieldval.
ENDIF.
CLEAR:ls_return.
MODIFY gt_alv FROM gs_alv INDEX p_row_no-row_id
TRANSPORTING employee.
ENDIF.
"X表示事件已经处理，不会去调取系统标准搜索帮助，（不填写参考字段参考表，也可以忽略这个标识）
er_event_data->m_event_handled = 'X'.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.
3.注册事件
FORM fm_button USING E_grid TYPE slis_data_caller_exit.
DATA: lv_event_receiver TYPE REF TO lcl_event_receiver,
lt_f4 TYPE lvc_t_f4,
ls_f4 TYPE lvc_s_f4.
IF g_grid IS INITIAL.
CALL FUNCTION 'GET_GLOBALS_FROM_SLVC_FULLSCR'
IMPORTING
e_grid = g_grid.
ENDIF.
* 设置enter事件
CALL METHOD g_grid->register_edit_event
EXPORTING
* I_EVENT_ID = CL_GUI_ALV_GRID=>MC_EVT_ENTER. "回车时触发
i_event_id = cl_gui_alv_grid=>mc_evt_modified. "单元格失去焦点触发
EXCEPTIONS
error = 1
OTHERS = 2.
"注册事件，设置，触发F4的搜索帮助
CREATE OBJECT lv_event_receiver.
SET HANDLER lv_event_receiver->handle_f4 FOR g_grid.
ls_f4-fieldname = 'EMPLOYEE'. "窗口时间参数（需要定义F4帮助按钮的字段）
ls_f4-register = 'X'.
ls_f4-getbefore = 'X'.
ls_f4-chngeafter = 'X'.
INSERT ls_f4 INTO TABLE lt_f4.
CALL METHOD g_grid->register_f4_for_fields
EXPORTING
it_f4 = lt_f4[].
ENDFORM.
4.fieldcat的配置
ls_fieldcat-edit = 'X'. "把这一列变为可修改
ls_fieldcat-f4availabl = 'X'. "这个一定要打上X
5.具体实例
TYPE-POOLS: slis.
TYPE-POOLS: kcde.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& TABLES
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
TABLES: spfli,ztemorg.
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* GLOBAL INTERNAL TABLES DECLARATION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
DATA: gt_file TYPE filetable.
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* GLOBAL VARIANTS DECLARATION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
DATA: g_repid TYPE sy-repid.
DATA: gt_field TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv.
*定义读入EXCEL的内表
TYPES : BEGIN OF typ_alv ,
carrid TYPE spfli-carrid , "
connid TYPE spfli-connid,
cityfrom TYPE spfli-cityfrom,
airpfrom TYPE spfli-airpfrom,
employee TYPE ztemorg-employee, "人
sel TYPE c,
END OF typ_alv .
DATA : gs_alv TYPE typ_alv,
gt_print TYPE TABLE OF typ_alv,
gt_alv TYPE TABLE OF typ_alv.
*创建字段宏定义
DEFINE add_field.
ls_fieldcat-fieldname = '&1' . "字段名称
ls_fieldcat-ref_table = &2. "关联表格
ls_fieldcat-ref_field = &3."参考字段
ls_fieldcat-coltext = &4. "描述文本
APPEND ls_fieldcat TO gt_fieldcat.
CLEAR ls_fieldcat.
END-OF-DEFINITION.
* ALV 用
DATA:
gs_layout TYPE lvc_s_layo,
gv_repid TYPE repid,
gt_fieldcat TYPE lvc_t_fcat,
ls_fieldcat TYPE lvc_S_fcat.
DATA: g_grid TYPE REF TO cl_gui_alv_grid.
DATA stbl TYPE lvc_s_stbl.
DATA:gt_event TYPE slis_t_event WITH HEADER LINE.
"定义事件
CLASS lcl_event_receiver DEFINITION.
PUBLIC SECTION.
"F4
METHODS:
handle_f4 FOR EVENT onf4 OF cl_gui_alv_grid
IMPORTING e_fieldname "列名
es_row_no "行号
er_event_data
et_bad_cells.
ENDCLASS.
"方法实施
CLASS lcl_event_receiver IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD handle_f4.
* 窗口时间参数的自定义f4检索帮助
CASE e_fieldname.
WHEN 'EMPLOYEE'. "内表字段名称
PERFORM f4_help_employee USING e_fieldname "列名
es_row_no "行号
er_event_data.
ENDCASE.
* 设置后，alv稳定刷新
stbl-row = 'X'." 基于行的稳定刷新
stbl-col = 'X'." 基于列稳定刷新
CALL METHOD g_grid->refresh_table_display
EXPORTING
is_stable = stbl.
ENDMETHOD. "HANDLE_F4
ENDCLASS. "LCL_EVENT_RECEIVER IMPLEMENTATION
*--------选择条件
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK bl01 WITH FRAME TITLE TEXT-001.
SELECT-OPTIONS:S_carrid FOR spfli-carrid , "航线
s_connid FOR spfli-connid."航班
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK bl01.
*DATA: GT_ALVDATA LIKE BDCDATA OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
*DATA: G_LIGHTS_NAME TYPE LVC_CIFNM VALUE 'LIGHT'.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& EVENT AT INITIALIZATION
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
INITIALIZATION .
AT SELECTION-SCREEN OUTPUT .
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* EVENT OCCURS AFTER THE SELECTION SCREEN HAS BEEN PROCESSED
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
START-OF-SELECTION.
PERFORM frm_auth_check. "权限检查
PERFORM frm_getdata . "获取数据 --GETTING DATA
PERFORM frm_display_data. "展示ALV
END-OF-SELECTION.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form frm_auth_check
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& text
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& --> p1 text
*& <-- p2 text
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM frm_auth_check .
ENDFORM.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form frm_getdata
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& text
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& --> p1 text
*& <-- p2 text
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM frm_getdata .
SELECT *
FROM spfli
WHERE spfli~carrid IN @s_carrid "航线
AND spfli~connid IN @s_connid"航班
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE @gt_alv.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
SORT gt_alv BY carrid connid.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form frm_display_data
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& text
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& --> p1 text
*& <-- p2 text
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM frm_display_data .
DATA : lv_html_header TYPE slis_formname .
*定义输出模式
CLEAR:gs_layout,gt_fieldcat.
gs_layout-cwidth_opt = 'X'.
gs_layout-zebra = 'X'.
gs_layout-box_fname = 'SEL'.
gv_repid = sy-repid.
PERFORM frm_set_fieldcat.
gt_event-name = 'CALLER_EXIT'.
gt_event-form = 'FM_BUTTON'.
APPEND gt_event.
* TRY .
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY_LVC'
EXPORTING
i_callback_program = gv_repid
i_callback_pf_status_set = 'FRM_PF_STATUS' "状态
is_layout_lvc = gs_layout "布局
it_events = gt_event[] "事件
it_fieldcat_lvc = gt_fieldcat "字段显示
i_save = 'A'
TABLES
t_outtab = gt_alv "显示的内表
EXCEPTIONS
program_error = 1
OTHERS = 2.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form frm_set_fieldcat
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& text
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& --> p1 text
*& <-- p2 text
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM frm_set_fieldcat .
add_field:
carrid 'SPFLI' 'CARRID' '航线',
connid 'SPFLI' 'CONNID ' '航班',
cityfrom 'SPFLI' 'CITYFROM ' '起飞城市',
airpfrom 'SPFLI' 'AIRPFROM' '起飞机场',
employee '' '' '人物自定义帮助'.
LOOP AT gt_fieldcat INTO ls_fieldcat.
IF ls_fieldcat-fieldname = 'EMPLOYEE'.
ls_fieldcat-edit = 'X'. "把这一列变为可修改
ls_fieldcat-f4availabl = 'X'. "字段尾部，添加搜索帮助的的小按钮
ENDIF.
MODIFY gt_fieldcat FROM ls_fieldcat.
CLEAR:ls_fieldcat.
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.
FORM frm_pf_status USING extab TYPE slis_t_extab.
DATA: fcode TYPE TABLE OF sy-ucomm.
CLEAR:fcode[].
SET PF-STATUS 'STANDARD' EXCLUDING fcode[] ."添加状态
ENDFORM.
FORM fm_button USING E_grid TYPE slis_data_caller_exit.
DATA: lv_event_receiver TYPE REF TO lcl_event_receiver,
lt_f4 TYPE lvc_t_f4,
ls_f4 TYPE lvc_s_f4.
IF g_grid IS INITIAL.
CALL FUNCTION 'GET_GLOBALS_FROM_SLVC_FULLSCR'
IMPORTING
e_grid = g_grid.
ENDIF.
* 设置enter事件
CALL METHOD g_grid->register_edit_event
EXPORTING
i_event_id = cl_gui_alv_grid=>mc_evt_enter
EXCEPTIONS
error = 1
OTHERS = 2.
"注册事件，设置，触发F4的搜索帮助
CREATE OBJECT lv_event_receiver.
SET HANDLER lv_event_receiver->handle_f4 FOR g_grid.
ls_f4-fieldname = 'EMPLOYEE'. "窗口时间参数（需要定义F4帮助按钮的字段）
ls_f4-register = 'X'.
ls_f4-getbefore = 'X'.
ls_f4-chngeafter = 'X'.
INSERT ls_f4 INTO TABLE lt_f4.
CALL METHOD g_grid->register_f4_for_fields
EXPORTING
it_f4 = lt_f4[].
ENDFORM.
FORM f4_help_employee USING p_fieldname TYPE lvc_fname
p_row_no TYPE lvc_s_roid
er_event_data TYPE REF TO cl_alv_event_data.
DATA: lt_return TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ddshretval,
ls_return TYPE ddshretval.
DATA :lv_eqart TYPE eqart.
CLEAR gs_alv.
READ TABLE gt_alv INTO gs_alv INDEX p_row_no-row_id.
IF p_fieldname = 'EMPLOYEE'. "展示内表字段
DATA:lt_VS TYPE TABLE OF ztemorg."收件人搜索帮助表
CLEAR:lt_VS,lt_return.
SELECT * FROM ztemorg INTO TABLE @lt_VS .
SORT lt_VS BY employee .
CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST'
EXPORTING
* DDIC_STRUCTURE = ' '
retfield = 'EMPLOYEE' "这个参数为帮助表中返回到选择屏幕的字段的参数
* PVALKEY = ' '
dynpprog = sy-repid "当前程序，不写会有问题
dynpnr = sy-dynnr "当前屏幕，不写会有问题
" dynprofield = 'P_PERSON' "选择屏幕上需要加F4帮助的字段
value_org = 'S' "默认为C但是此处不用S不行
callback_program = sy-repid
" callback_form = 'CB_FORM'
TABLES
value_tab = lt_VS "F4帮助值的表
return_tab = lt_return
EXCEPTIONS
parameter_error = 1
no_values_found = 2
OTHERS = 3.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
****将选的值填入ALV字段中
READ TABLE gt_alv INTO gs_alv INDEX p_row_no-row_id.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
READ TABLE lt_return INTO ls_return INDEX 1.
IF ls_return-fieldval IS NOT INITIAL.
gs_alv-employee = ls_return-fieldval.
ENDIF.
CLEAR:ls_return.
MODIFY gt_alv FROM gs_alv INDEX p_row_no-row_id
TRANSPORTING employee.
ENDIF.
"X表示事件已经处理，不会去调取系统标准搜索帮助，（不填写参考字段参考表，也可以忽略这个标识）
er_event_data->m_event_handled = 'X'.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.
使用注意点：
1.事件的使用是OOALV中使用的，我的是functionalv转OOALV，它的好处就是可以兼顾functionalv的便利和OOalv的事件。
2.要把里面的自定义表换成你的搜索帮助表。
参考链接： 阿胖的阿多-OOALV实现