RabbitMQ实现实体对象的发送与接收

需求背景

import lombok.Data;

/**
 * @author leishen
 */
@Data
public class Student {

    private Integer age;

    private String name;

    private String sex;
}

需要把Student对象从生产者发送到消费者

具体实现

定义队列

	/**
     * 简单模式队列
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue simpleQueue(){
        //持久化 非独占 非自动删除
        return QueueBuilder.durable("simpleQueue").build();
    }
	
	 //创建初始化RabbitAdmin对象
    @Bean
    public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin111(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
        // 只有设置为 true，spring 才会加载 RabbitAdmin 这个类
        rabbitAdmin.setAutoStartup(true);
        rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(simpleQueue());
        return rabbitAdmin;
    }

生产者发送消息

 	@GetMapping("json")
    @ApiOperation("发送json")
    public String json(){
        Student student=new Student();
        student.setAge(20);
        student.setName("张三");
        student.setSex("男");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("simpleQueue",student);
        return "ok";
    }

结果报错

报错提示默认只能发送String

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: SimpleMessageConverter only supports String, byte[] and Serializable payloads, received: com.rabbitmq.producer.model.Student
	at org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter.createMessage(SimpleMessageConverter.java:164) ~[spring-amqp-2.3.11.jar:2.3.11]
	at org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.AbstractMessageConverter.createMessage(AbstractMessageConverter.java:88) ~[spring-amqp-2.3.11.jar:2.3.11]
	at org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.AbstractMessageConverter.toMessage(AbstractMessageConverter.java:70) ~[spring-amqp-2.3.11.jar:2.3.11]
	at org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.AbstractMessageConverter.toMessage(AbstractMessageConverter.java:58) ~[spring-amqp-2.3.11.jar:2.3.11]
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate.convertMessageIfNecessary(RabbitTemplate.java:1813) ~[spring-rabbit-2.3.11.jar:2.3.11]
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitTemplate.java:1128) ~[spring-rabbit-2.3.11.jar:2.3.11]
	at org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitTemplate.java:1110) ~[spring-rabbit-2.3.11.jar:2.3.11]
	at com.rabbitmq.producer.controller.ProducerController.json(ProducerController.java:49) ~[classes/:na]
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_112]
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_112]
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_112]
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_112]
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:205) ~[spring-web-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:150) ~[spring-web-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:117) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:895) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:808) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1067) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:963) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1006) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:898) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:655) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:4.0.FR]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:883) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:764) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:4.0.FR]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:227) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53) ~[tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) ~[spring-web-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) ~[spring-web-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) ~[spring-web-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119) ~[spring-web-5.3.12.jar:5.3.12]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:197) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:97) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:540) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:135) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:78) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:357) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:382) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:895) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1722) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.54.jar:9.0.54]
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [na:1.8.0_112]

解决方法1

生产者将student对象转成json字符串发送

 	@GetMapping("jsonStr")
    @ApiOperation("发送jsonStr")
    public String jsonStr(){
        Student student=new Student();
        student.setAge(20);
        student.setName("张三");
        student.setSex("男");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("simpleQueue", JSON.toJSONString(student));
        return "ok";
    }

消费者接收

	/**
     * 简单模式的消费者
     * @param message 消息
     * @param c 通道
     * @param s 消息内容
     * @throws IOException
     */
    //使用queuesToDeclare属性，如果不存在则会创建队列,注：此处声明的队列要和生产者属性保持一致
    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue(value = "simpleQueue"))
    public void json(Message message, Channel c, String s) throws IOException {
        MessageProperties properties = message.getMessageProperties();
        long tag = properties.getDeliveryTag();
        log.info("简单模式的消费者收到:{}",s);
        Student student = JSONObject.parseObject(s, Student.class);
        log.info(student.toString());
        //手动回执，不批量签收,回执后才能处理下一批消息
        c.basicAck(tag,false);
    }

结果消费者收到

解决方法2

在RabbitTemplate里面设置消息转换器MessageConverter

	@Bean
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate=new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        rabbitTemplate.setMessageConverter(new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter());
        return rabbitTemplate;
    }

生产者发送消息

	@GetMapping("json")
    @ApiOperation("发送json")
    public String json(){
        Student student=new Student();
        student.setAge(20);
        student.setName("张三");
        student.setSex("男");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("simpleQueue",student);
        return "ok";
    }

消费者添加消息转换器MessageConverter配置

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AcknowledgeMode;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.config.SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @author leishen
 */
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory rabbitListenerContainerFactory(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
        factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        factory.setMessageConverter(new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter());
        //设置手动ack模式 要和yml配置保持一致，不然会覆盖yml文件的配置
        factory.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.MANUAL);
        return factory;
    }
}

消费者接收消息

 /**
     * 简单模式的消费者
     * @param message 消息
     * @param c 通道
     * @param s 消息内容
     * @throws IOException
     */
    //使用queuesToDeclare属性，如果不存在则会创建队列,注：此处声明的队列要和生产者属性保持一致
    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue(value = "simpleQueue"))
    public void json(Message message, Channel c, Student s) throws IOException {
        MessageProperties properties = message.getMessageProperties();
        long tag = properties.getDeliveryTag();
        log.info("简单模式的消费者收到:{}",s);
        //手动回执，不批量签收,回执后才能处理下一批消息
        c.basicAck(tag,false);
    }

结果消费者收到