Ubuntu 如何查看 CPU 架构、系统信息、内核版本、版本代号?

Ubuntu 查看 CPU 架构、系统信息、内核版本、版本代号等相关信息有很多方式,本文介绍几种常用的命令。

x86 架构与 ARM 架构的 CPU 架构不同,如果回显为 aarch64 表示为 ARM 架构,如果回显为 x86_64 表示为 x86 架构,参考《CPU 架构(x86/ARM)简介》这篇文章。

uname

root@k8s-master:~# uname
Linux

root@k8s-master:~# uname -a
Linux k8s-master 5.15.0-1027-raspi #29-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT Mon Apr 3 10:12:21 UTC 2023 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux

root@k8s-master:~# uname -r
5.15.0-1027-raspi

root@k8s-master:~# uname -m
aarch64

arch

root@k8s-master:~# arch
aarch64

Ubuntu 基础版本号由日期组成,比如 Ubuntu 22.04 表示 2022 年 4 月份发布的版本,在选择 Ubuntu 版本的时候,最好选择 LTS(Long Term Support) 版本,而且每个 Ubuntu 版本都有一个代号,这个代号会在安装软件时用到。

在这里插入图片描述

Ubuntu LTS 各版本代号如下:

  • Ubuntu 12.04 (LTS)代号为 precise
  • Ubuntu 14.04 (LTS)代号为 trusty
  • Ubuntu 16.04 (LTS)代号为 xenial
  • Ubuntu 18.04 (LTS)代号为 bionic
  • Ubuntu 20.04 (LTS)代号为 focal
  • Ubuntu 22.04 (LTS)代号为 jammy

lsb_release

root@k8s-master:~# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:	Ubuntu
Description:	Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS
Release:	22.04
Codename:	jammy
	
root@k8s-master:~# lsb_release -c
Codename:	jammy

lscpu

root@k8s-master:~# lscpu
Architecture:            aarch64
  CPU op-mode(s):        32-bit, 64-bit
  Byte Order:            Little Endian
CPU(s):                  4
  On-line CPU(s) list:   0-3
Vendor ID:               ARM
  Model name:            Cortex-A72
    Model:               3
    Thread(s) per core:  1
    Core(s) per cluster: 4
    Socket(s):           -
    Cluster(s):          1
    Stepping:            r0p3
    CPU max MHz:         1800.0000
    CPU min MHz:         600.0000
    BogoMIPS:            108.00
    Flags:               fp asimd evtstrm crc32 cpuid
Caches (sum of all):     
  L1d:                   128 KiB (4 instances)
  L1i:                   192 KiB (4 instances)
  L2:                    1 MiB (1 instance)
Vulnerabilities:         
  Itlb multihit:         Not affected
  L1tf:                  Not affected
  Mds:                   Not affected
  Meltdown:              Not affected
  Mmio stale data:       Not affected
  Retbleed:              Not affected
  Spec store bypass:     Vulnerable
  Spectre v1:            Mitigation; __user pointer sanitization
  Spectre v2:            Vulnerable
  Srbds:                 Not affected
  Tsx async abort:       Not affected

/proc/version

root@k8s-master:~# cat /proc/version
Linux version 5.15.0-1027-raspi (buildd@bos02-arm64-011) (gcc (Ubuntu 11.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 11.3.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.38) #29-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT Mon Apr 3 10:12:21 UTC 2023

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