数据库主从服务
数据库主从
-
- 环境初始化
- 配置数据库主从
-
- 配置mysql01主节点
- 配置mysql02从节点
- 验证
环境初始化
参考我的初始化脚本，此服务器环境centos7.9
| 节点 | IP |
|---|---|
| mysql01 | 192.168.200.80 |
| mysql02 | 192.168.200.81 |
双节点执行此脚本
[root@localhost ~]# cat init.sh
#!/bin/bash
# 定义节点信息
NODES=("192.168.200.80 mysql01" "192.168.200.81 mysql02")
# 定义当前节点的密码（默认集群统一密码）
HOST_PASS="000000"
# 时间同步的目标节点
TIME_SERVER=mysql01
# 时间同步的地址段
TIME_SERVER_IP=192.160.200.0/24
# 欢迎界面
cat > /etc/motd <################################
# Welcome to mycluster #
################################
EOF
#禁用selinux
sed -i 's/SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
#firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld >> /dev/null 2>&1
#关闭IPtables，清空规则
yum install iptables-services -y
if [ 0 -ne $? ]; then
echo -e "\033[31mThe installation source configuration errors\033[0m"
exit 1
fi
systemctl restart iptables
iptables -F
iptables -X
iptables -Z
/usr/sbin/iptables-save
systemctl stop iptables
systemctl disable iptables
#禁用NetworkManager
systemctl stop NetworkManager >> /dev/null 2>&1
systemctl disable NetworkManager >> /dev/null 2>&1
yum remove -y NetworkManager firewalld
systemctl restart network
# 优化ssh连接
sed -i -e 's/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/g' -e 's/GSSAPIAuthentication yes/GSSAPIAuthentication no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
systemctl reload sshd
# 修改主机名
for node in "${NODES[@]}"; do
ip=$(echo "$node" | awk '{print $1}')
hostname=$(echo "$node" | awk '{print $2}')
# 获取当前节点的主机名和 IP
current_ip=$(hostname -I | awk '{print $1}')
current_hostname=$(hostname)
# 检查当前节点与要修改的节点信息是否匹配
if [[ "$current_ip" == "$ip" && "$current_hostname" != "$hostname" ]]; then
echo "Updating hostname to $hostname on $current_ip..."
hostnamectl set-hostname "$hostname"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Hostname updated successfully."
else
echo "Failed to update hostname."
fi
break
fi
done
# 遍历节点信息并添加到 hosts 文件
for node in "${NODES[@]}"; do
ip=$(echo "$node" | awk '{print $1}')
hostname=$(echo "$node" | awk '{print $2}')
# 检查 hosts 文件中是否已存在相应的解析
if grep -q "$ip $hostname" /etc/hosts; then
echo "Host entry for $hostname already exists in /etc/hosts."
else
# 添加节点的解析条目到 hosts 文件
sudo sh -c "echo '$ip $hostname' >> /etc/hosts"
echo "Added host entry for $hostname in /etc/hosts."
fi
done
if [[ ! -s ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ]]; then
ssh-keygen -t rsa -N '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -q -b 2048
fi
# 检查并安装 expect 工具
if ! which expect &> /dev/null; then
echo "expect 工具未安装，正在安装 expect..."
sudo yum install -y expect
fi
# 遍历所有节点
for node in "${NODES[@]}"; do
ip=$(echo "$node" | awk '{print $1}')
hostname=$(echo "$node" | awk '{print $2}')
expect -c "
set timeout -1
spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub $hostname
expect {
\"*password:*\" { send -- \"$HOST_PASS\r\"; exp_continue }
\"*(yes/no)*\" { send -- \"yes\r\"; exp_continue }
eof { exit 1 }
}
"
done
# 时间同步
if [[ $name == $TIME_SERVER ]]; then
# 配置当前节点为时间同步源`[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@mysql01 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.200.80 mysql01
192.168.200.81 mysql02
[root@mysql01 ~]#`
sed -i '3,6s/^/#/g' /etc/chrony.conf
sed -i "7s/^/server $TIME_SERVER iburst/g" /etc/chrony.conf
echo "allow $TIME_SERVER_IP" >> /etc/chrony.conf
echo "local stratum 10" >> /etc/chrony.conf
else
# 配置当前节点同步到目标节点
sed -i '3,6s/^/#/g' /etc/chrony.conf
sed -i "7s/^/server $TIME_SERVER iburst/g" /etc/chrony.conf
fi
# 重启并启用 chrony 服务
systemctl restart chronyd
systemctl enable chronyd
echo "###############################################################"
echo "################# 集群初始化成功 #####################"
echo "###############################################################"
[root@localhost ~]#
脚本初始化完成
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@mysql01 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.200.80 mysql01
192.168.200.81 mysql02
[root@mysql01 ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@mysql02 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.200.80 mysql01
192.168.200.81 mysql02
[root@mysql02 ~]#
配置数据库主从
安装软件包
[root@mysql01 ~]# yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server
[root@mysql02 ~]# yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server
分别设置开机自启动
[root@mysql01 ~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
[root@mysql01 ~]#
[root@mysql02 ~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
[root@mysql02 ~]#
初始化数据库密码000000
[root@mysql01 ~]# mysql_secure_installation
# 回车
# y
# 000000
# 000000
# y
# n
# y
# y
[root@mysql02 ~]# mysql_secure_installation
# 回车
# y
# 000000
# 000000
# y
# n
# y
# y
配置mysql01主节点
在配置文件/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf中的[mysqld]增添如下内容
[root@mysql01 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
[mysqld]
log_bin = mysql-bin #记录操作日志
binlog_ignore_db = mysql #不同步mysql系统数据库
server_id = 80 #数据库集群中的每个节点id都要不同
重启数据库，并进入配置
[root@mysql01 ~]# systemctl restart mariadb
[root@mysql01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "000000";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to 'user'@'mysql02' identified by '000000';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
配置mysql02从节点
在配置文件/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf中的[mysqld]增添如下内容
[root@mysql02 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
[mysqld]
log_bin = mysql-bin #记录操作日志
binlog_ignore_db = mysql #不同步mysql系统数据库
server_id = 80 #数据库集群中的每个节点id都要不同
重启数据库服务，并配置，注意连接信息的master节点名需要对应，使用show slave status\G命令，并查看从节点服务状态，如果Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running的状态都为YES，则从节点服务开启成功
[root@mysql02 ~]# systemctl restart mariadb
[root@mysql02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='mysql01',master_user='user',master_password='000000';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: mysql01
Master_User: user
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 531
Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 815
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 531
Relay_Log_Space: 1111
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 80
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
验证
MariaDB [(none)]> create database huhy;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
[root@mysql01 ~]#
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| huhy |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
[root@mysql02 ~]#
注；如果需要配置一主多从的数据库集群，只需要主节点创建从节点连接信息，从节点再连接主节点即可