我们使用的springboot版本为2.5.6,其他都是根据spring-boot-starter-parent
自动选择版本
引入以下工程即可
spring-boot-starter-test
用于测试junit
用于单元测试spring-boot-starter-amqp
SpringBoot和RabbitMQ的整合方案
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>2.5.6version>
<relativePath/>
parent>
<artifactId>springboot-producerartifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqpartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junitgroupId>
<artifactId>junitartifactId>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
project>
SpringBoot配置文件名称为application.yml
需要配置的内容如下:
# 配置RabbitMQ的基本信息
spring:
rabbitmq:
# 地址
host: 192.168.52.128
# 端口
port: 5672
# 用户名
username: admin
# 密码
password: admin
# 虚拟机
virtual-host: /test
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProducerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ProducerApplication.class, args);
}
}
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
// 配置代码都写在这里
}
(1)设置默认的交换机的名称和队列名称
/**
* 默认测试的交换机机名称
* springboot_topic_exchange
*/
public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "springboot_topic_exchange";
/**
* 默认的队列名称
* springboot_root_queue
*/
public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "springboot_root_queue";
(2)创建通配符类型的交换机
/**
* 创建交换机
*
* @return 交换机
*/
@Bean("bootExchange")
public Exchange bootExchange() {
// 创建一个通配符的交换机
return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
}
这里需要在bean上加上名称(虽然如果没有时会使用方法名,但是严谨),便于之后交换机和队列绑定操作。
除了通配符交换机外,还支持
广播型交换机
、定向型交换机
。
- 广播型交换机
@Bean("fanoutExchange") public Exchange fanoutExchange() { return ExchangeBuilder.fanoutExchange("fanout_exchange").durable(true).build(); }
- 定向型交换机
@Bean("directExchange") public Exchange directExchange() { return ExchangeBuilder.directExchange("direct_exchange").durable(true).build(); }
(3)创建一个队列
/**
* 创建队列
*
* @return 队列
*/
@Bean("bootQueue")
public Queue bootQueue() {
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();
}
(4)绑定交换机和队列
/**
* 绑定队列和交换机
* 主要:队列、交换机、routing key
*
* @return 绑定关系
*/
@Bean
public Binding bindingQueueExchange(@Qualifier("bootQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("bootExchange") Exchange exchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("boot.#").noargs();
}
(5)完整配置类
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
/**
* 默认测试的交换机机名称
* springboot_topic_exchange
*/
public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "springboot_topic_exchange";
/**
* 默认的队列名称
* springboot_root_queue
*/
public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "springboot_root_queue";
/**
* 创建交换机
*
* @return 交换机
*/
@Bean("bootExchange")
public Exchange bootExchange() {
// 创建一个通配符的交换机
return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHANGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
}
/**
* 创建队列
*
* @return 队列
*/
@Bean("bootQueue")
public Queue bootQueue() {
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();
}
/**
* 绑定队列和交换机
* 主要:队列、交换机、routing key
*
* @return 绑定关系
*/
@Bean
public Binding bindingQueueExchange(@Qualifier("bootQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("bootExchange") Exchange exchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("boot.#").noargs();
}
}
@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class ProducerTest {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@Test
public void testSend() {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.EXCHANGE_NAME, "boot.name", "Spring Boot RabbitMQ");
}
}
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>2.5.6version>
<relativePath/>
parent>
<groupId>com.examplegroupId>
<artifactId>springboot-consumerartifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
<name>springboot-consumername>
<description>springboot-consumerdescription>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8java.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqpartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqpgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-rabbit-testartifactId>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
project>
PS:以上依赖是由springboot工程创建完成,和之前手动创建没有本质差别
SpringBoot配置文件名称为application.yml
需要配置的内容如下:
# 配置RabbitMQ的基本信息
spring:
rabbitmq:
# 地址
host: 192.168.52.128
# 端口
port: 5672
# 用户名
username: admin
# 密码
password: admin
# 虚拟机
virtual-host: /test
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
}
@Component
public class RabbitMQListener {
@RabbitListener(queues = "springboot_root_queue")
public void listenerQueue(Message message) {
System.out.println("RabbitMQListener:" + new String(message.getBody()));
}
}
@RabbitListener
表示当前方法监听对应的队列,并且支持多队列。
控制台如下:
RabbitMQListener:Spring Boot RabbitMQ