MySQL 事务主要用于处理操作量大,复杂度高的数据。在 MySQL 中只有使用了 Innodb 数据库引擎的数据库或表才支持事务。事务用来管理 insert,update,delete 语句,事务处理可以用来维护数据库的完整性,保证成批的 SQL 语句要么全部执行,要么全部不执行。
一般来说,事务是必须满足4个条件(ACID)::原子性(Atomicity,或称不可分割性)、一致性(Consistency)、隔离性(Isolation,又称独立性)、持久性(Durability)。
本文主要介绍golang实现MySQL数据库事物的提交与回滚。用到的库有:
"github.com/jmoiron/sqlx"
_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
事务(Transactions)
事务操作是通过三个方法实现:
Begin():开启事务
Commit():提交事务(执行sql)
Rollback():回滚
举例:在事物里操作MySQL任意一步操作出错,都需要Rollback()回滚。
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/alecthomas/log4go"
_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
"github.com/jmoiron/sqlx"
)
var Db *sqlx.DB
func init() {
db,err:=sqlx.Open("mysql","TigerwolfC:123456@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/test?charset=utf8")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("open mysql failed,", err)
return
}
Db = db
}
func main() {
mysqlTest()
}
func mysqlTest() error{
tx, err := Db.Begin()
if err != nil {
log4go.Error("open mysql database fail", err)
return err
}
result, err := tx.Exec("INSERT INTO userinfo (username, password,department,email) VALUES (?, ?,?,?)","cici","33333","it","[email protected]")
if err != nil{
fmt.Println("insert failed,error: ", err)
tx.Rollback()
return err
}
id,_ := result.LastInsertId()
fmt.Println("insert id is :",id)
_, err = tx.Exec("update userinfo set department = ? where username = ?","cekong","hahah")
if err != nil{
fmt.Println("update failed error:",err)
tx.Rollback()
return err
} else {
fmt.Println("update success!")
}
_, err = tx.Exec("delete from userinfo where username = ? ", "weiwei")
if err != nil{
fmt.Println("delete error:",err)
tx.Rollback()
return err
}else{
fmt.Println("delete success")
}
return tx.Commit()
}
当然也可以用defer tx.Rollback(),在程序退出前回滚。
func mysqlTest() error{
tx, err := Db.Begin()
if err != nil {
log4go.Error("open mysql database fail", err)
}
defer tx.Rollback()
result, err := tx.Exec("INSERT INTO userinfo (username, password,department,email) VALUES (?, ?,?,?)","cici","33333","it","[email protected]")
if err != nil{
fmt.Println("insert failed,error: ", err)
return err
}
id,_ := result.LastInsertId()
fmt.Println("insert id is :",id)
_, err = tx.Exec("update userinfo set department = ? where username = ?","cekong","hahah")
if err != nil{
fmt.Println("update failed error:",err)
return err
} else {
fmt.Println("update success!")
}
_, err = tx.Exec("delete from userinfo where username = ? ", "weiwei")
if err != nil{
fmt.Println("delete error:",err)
return err
}else{
fmt.Println("delete success")
}
return tx.Commit()
}